GREEN ENERGY – THE DEVELOPMENT

OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS

Kiciński Jan

University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn

Institute of Fluid – Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences,

Gdańsk

BSRUN FORUM Olsztyn 31/05/2013

The sector distinguished in terms of:

- Potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions

and pollution

-Stimulate world-class standing in high-tech industry

-Renowables are very beneficial for distributed power

engineering

Why Green Energy ?

Uneffective centralized system

of power generation

10% production loss

35% of energy

utilised

at home

90% of energy

utilised

at home

Distributed cogeneration: effective heat

& power production in mini- & micro - CHP

60% production loss

Conventional fuel

or biomass

5% transmission loss

Why distributed cogeneration ?

LOCAL COMBINED HEAT AND

POWER PLANT IN SMALL SCALE

CHP PLANT

Prosumer Power Engineering Smart Grid

Secu

rity

, in

dep

end

ence

an

d f

ree

do

m o

f ci

tize

ns

(pro

sum

ers

)

Small-scale Eko-Power Engineering

Technology OZE/URE

Informatics Superstructure Applications

Processing "in the cloud" Communication

Citizen Power Engineering Energy Independence and Freedom of Citizens

(like before Informatics Freedom)

Energy Situation in Poland

1. 40% of the installed power units is 30-40 years old (in 2015 until 6500 MW

we have to turn off)

2. Difficult import: Weak internal networks and cross-border

3. Nuclear power only after 2020 and only 3,000 MW (it will NOT save us)

4. Hope for shale gas? Increased imports of conventional gas?

If we do nothing, in the 2016-2017 ENERGY CRISIS awaits us

What we have to do? New energy MIX for Poland?

One of the solutions is:

Distributed Cogeneration (short, small investments, quickly may arise energy

micro- sources )

new definition – new concept

Citizen Power Engineering

Thus: Distributed Energy Systems (DES) based on Renewable Energy Sources

(RES), "Smart Grid" and applications in the "digital cloud" will be a key element of the country's energy policy in the near future

It follows that:

Hybrid systems integrating solar technologies, biomass, wind, heat pumps and

energy storage for Plus-Energy buildings working in the smart grid is a challenging time

What should we do? Develop commercially reasonable technologies for our market using synergy effects and develop the most useful applications for processing in the "digital

cloud"

DO WE HAVE A CHANCE TO CITIZEN POWER ENGINEERING IN POLAND ?

YES

If: 1. Stable law that support

microgeneration

2. Sufficiently developed

Intelligent Smart Grid Network

CITIZEN Power Engineering = citizen is both a consumer and producer

Another term: PROSUMER Power Engineering

NEW IDEA: SMART GRIDS =

INTELLIGENT

HOUSES

WHAT WE NEED?

LESS PRODUCTION, MORE INTELLIGENT MANAGEMENT

VIRTUAL POWER PLANTS

CHP APPLICATIONS

MICROGRID MICROGRID

MICROGRID

TRENDS for POLAND until YEAR 2020

FAST TRANSFORMATION OF 2-3 MLN ha of WASTE LANDS

(10- 15% of FARM LAND)

1.5 MLN ha of CORN YIELDS 7.5 BLN M3 of

BIOMETHANE, EQUIVELENT of CURRENT POLISH

IMPORTS of NATURAL GAS

Surprising !!

Potential of polish energy agriculture

RENEWABLE ENERGY from BIOMASS 78%, WIND and HYDRO 22%

Biomass will be most important factor in polish green energy

Research Programs leading to

distributed Power Engineering

Our possibilities

and projects

Task 4. Development of integrated technologies for the

production of fuel and energy from biomass, agricultural waste

and other

www.strateg-z4.imp.gda.pl

Advanced Power Generation Technologies

Strategic Program

1

The main objectives of the project

Building and implementation of 16 pilot plant

demonstration.

These installations, as the main result of this offering, will

provide the basis for future deployments of new technologies

in the field of energy conversion of biomass and waste, and

construction of biogas systems integrated with co-generation

sets

Scientific - Industrial Consortium IFFM - ENERGA SA

ECO-ENERGY CHP STATIONS

BIOMASS CHP STATIONS

MULTI-FUEL

BURNER

MICROTURBINE ORC (LOW-TEMPERATURE

BOILING MEDIA)

MICRO WIND TURBINE

STATIONS

MICRO HYDRO POWER

STATIONS

MICROGRIDS

FINAL EFFECTS: PROTOTYPES, DEMOS, CUSTOMER IMPLEMENTATIONS

Cheap wind turbine for

Individual customers Low head hydro turbines

HYBRID

SYSTEMS:

- SOLAR AIR-

CONDITIONING

- FULE CELLS

SMALL

PHOTOVOLTAIC

STATIONS

Biomass pellet boiler (thermal output of 1.1 MW)

ORC Power Station With electric Power 145 KW

Why ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) ? (low-boiling medium)

Possibility to use low-temperature heat sources,

Possibility to use biogas and biomass, Possibility to utilise recovery heat, Modular construction, Possibility of trigeneration, operation with diesel engine, gas turbine, fuel cells

Vapour Rankine cycle with a turbine working on low-boiling fluid in a specific power range,

Innovative design of multi-fuel burner operating with ORC,

Innovative design of high-rotating turbogenerator, technology of high-rotating bearings,

Innovative design of micro heat exchangers,

Innovation of ORC – scientific input

ARE Autonomous Regions of Energy

INSTALLATION "ŻYCHLIN"

Communal Thermal Power in Żychlin present state - todays view

0.24 MWe

1.2 MWc

Main task: to modernize the old heating plant and to build a

modern CHP station ARE Problem: what to do with excess of the heat in the summer

time?

Solution: building of ORC module (1), which operates all year

other modules (2,3,4) will be included depending on

the energy needs of the community

Gas

engines

CHP Station

Gas engines

Steam module ORC module

Coal boiler

INSTALLATION „SZEPIETOWO”

Biomass gasification plant

present state - todays view

Today: only the production of syngas with a low calorific value

and quality

Our Task: to build a modern CHP plant

Problem: how to improve the quality of syngas?

Solution: biomass pre-heating using waste heat

The result: the ability to burn syngas in the combustion

engine

Cogeneration: Electric Power of 500 KW

Syngas for commercial purposes

Gasification

Chamber

Combustion

Chamber

Biomass

dryer

Combustion

Engine

Wet

Biomass

Dry

Biomass

Syngas

500 KWe Syngas

cleanup

IMP PAN: Laboratory of micro CHP

After construction in 2014

Today

Pyrolysis micro-gas plant - 75 kWe

Gasification of

sludge wastewater

Other Installations

Municipal waste

Częstochowa

Demonstration Installation of 1.5 MW

Pyrolysis gas generator

Byczyna, woj. opolskie

(GazEla)

The pilot gasification installation for distillery waste

Wrocław

Pilot fermentation micro biogas installation

Heat for family farm (households )

Power: 7 kWe / ~10 KWc

Area: 20-100 ha

Studzionka k. Pszczyny

Operational Programme: Innovative Economy (POIG)

R&D PROJECT

„MODEL AGROENERGY COMPLEX IN

DISTRIBUTED COGENERATION OF

HEAT AND POWER”

Coordinator: IFFM-PAS

2 Key project

CHP – ORC systems [ electricity power only several KW ] Cogeneration micro power plants in cooperation with ecological boilers.

Organic Rankine cycles - ORC. Feeding: biomass, biogas, biofuel

HOME MICRO POWER PLANTS

Electric current

Heat

Oil boiler with a cooling loop

Parameters: Capacity 30kW, Maximum pressure 16bar Max. temperature 250 C, Coil volume 40l, Mass 500kg

T G

LOW BOILING AGENT IN A LIQUID PHASE

LOW BOILING AGENT IN A STEAM PHASE

HYDRODYNAMIC

BEARINGS

GAS

BEARINGS

MAIN IDEA: APPLICATION OF LOW BOILING AGENT BOTH IN THE THERMODYNAMIC

CYCLE OF MICROTURBINE AS WELL AS FOR LUBRICATIONS PURPOSES IN

BEARINGS SYSTEM

ADVANTAGES:

- ELIMINATION OF ISOLATION PROBLEMS IN BEARING

INTERSPACES AND ELIMINATION AN ADDITIONAL

SYSTEM FOR LUBRICATION IN BEARINGS

- SMALL VISCOSITY OF LOW BOILING MEDIUM

LIQUID PHASE

STEAM PHASE

OBJECT OF INVESTIGATIONS

Object 1. Five - stage axial microturbine rotor of electric power of 3 KW and rotor speed 8 000 rpm

(for low-boiling agents ORC). Bearing journal diameters: d1=d2=20 mm. Model MES: 380 000 DOF

Object 2. Four - stage radial microturbine rotor of

electric power of 3 KW and rotor speed 23 800 rpm

(for low-boiling agents

ORC).

Bearing journal

diameters:

d1=24 mm, d2=34 mm.

Model MES: 200 000

DOF

K. Kosowski

Z. Kozanecki

Classic

hydrodynamic bearings

IMP PAN Laboratory - Present State

Domestic micro CHP ORC

Microturbine

Boiler installations

Domestic micro CHP – commercial (target) version

We suggest mini & micro-scale ORC-based CHP ORC Technology (Organic Rankine Cycle) utilises working fluid with low boiling-medium

for steam cycles in small and micro-scale cogeneration

Mini-scale CHP (Local/Commune Energy Centers) Thermal power: from several hundred kW to 5 MW

Electric power: from several dozen kW to 1 MW

Micro-scale CHP (Home/building scale combined H&P )

Thermal power: several dozen kW

Electric power: from few to several kW

WORKING FLUID

WITH LOW BOILING MEDIUM

(LIQUID STATE)

WORKING FLUID

WITH LOW BOILING

MEDIUM (GAS STATE)

HOT WATER

TWO SEPARATE CYCLES: working fluid with low boiling medium & water mCHP-ORC

In our opinion it is the most promising technology with short realization time

Research Center of PASci in Jabłonna

New opportunities for research and commercialization

of technologies and devices for Distributed Energy Systems (DES) based on

Renewable Energy Sources (RES)

The largest Research Center for renewable energy in Poland

Parking space

RES Education Path

Research Laboratories

Energy Storage

Pools

Integrated Energy-Plus Laboratory

Demonstration and Training Facility

The view of the Research Center in Jabłonna from the south - location of facilities

The view of the Research Center in Jabłonna from the north - location of laboratories

The Research Center’s offer for local scientific community, self-government and, industry entities.

“Business card” of the center – Energy-plus Technologies for houses, facilities and housing estates

(uT+E).

THE LARGEST ECOENERGY

CLUSTER in POLAND!!

BKEE

GOLDEN TRIANGLE

BALTIC ECOENERGY CLUSTER

contains 90 entities

SCIENCE COMPANIES

LOCAL

AUTHORITIES

REGIONAL

INNOVATION

STRATEGY

Coordinator: IFFM-PAS

EU PROJECTS: „Bioenergy Promotion”

The project aims to strengthen the development towards a sustainable, competitive and territorially integrated Baltic Sea Region in the field of sustainable use of bioenergy. Lead Partner: Swedish Energy Agency Duration: 2009-2012 Total budget: € 5 mln (IFFM-BEEC €166 500)

To find out more please visit: http:// www.bioenergypromotion.net

IFFM-BEEC

realizes selected tasks among different Work Packages in the project, and above all, plays a role of the WP5 Business Leader! 34 partners

from 9

Baltic Sea Region Countries

PEA – Public Energy Alternatives – Sustainable Energy Strategies

as a chance for regional development

The project aims to foster regional development through reduction of energy related costs, added value based on new value chains and sustainable technological innovations.

Lead Partner: City of Wittenberge, Germany Duration: 2010-2013 Total budget: ca. € 3,7 mln (IFFM-BEEC € 244 657)

IFFM-BEEC

will realize selected tasks among different Work Packages in the project, and will play a role of the WP5 Leader!

WP5 – „Sustainable energy production, supply chain management and preparation of investments”

21 partners

from 6 Baltic Sea Region Countries

THANK YOU