product innovation. do you know what this is? product innovation it’s not easy being green -...
TRANSCRIPT
Product Innovation
Product Innovation
Do you know what this is?
Product Innovation
• It’s not easy being green
- sustainability.
Product Innovation
We will…•Recognise the urgent need for sustainably design products; the development and adoption of green technology solutions•Learn some key environmental concepts•Learn about “Product innovation in the multiple retail environment – design for a sustainable future?” – using a case study on M&S packaging
Product Innovation
We will…• Apply analytical and creative problem solving skills to “An
Environmental Dilemma?”• Develop an overview of the wide range of graduate
opportunities available.• Develop an awareness of the variety of environment-related
course options available in higher education.
Product Innovation
An Increasingly Fragile Earth!
Product Innovation
A Rapidly Changing World• CYCLONE AND HURRICANE INTENSITY
– NEW ORLEANS• TORNADOS• ANIMAL SPECIES EXTINCTION RISK• DROUGHTS
– IN DEVELOPING WORLD– REST OF THE WORLD
• FLOODING• POLLUTION ACROSS THE WORLD
Product Innovation
UK 2007: Floods and tornados – wettest June since records began in 1766
Front page of “The Independent” 23/7/07
Product Innovation
Scientists have calculated that volcanoes emit between 145-255 million tons of CO2 into the atmosphere every year (Gerlach, 1999, 1991).
Product Innovation
CO2 and Climate Change• Emissions of CO2 by human activities, amount to about 30
billion tons (Marland, et al., 2006)• Human activities release more than 130 times the amount of
CO2 emitted by volcanoes (Gerlach et. al., 2002)• Although there are many environmental issues (e.g. ozone
depletion and acid rain), global warming/climate change is the no.1 threat.
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Global Water Availability
SOURCE: WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM
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Global Population Growth
Source: World Economic Forum
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An Ageing World Population –
important implications for design of products and services
SOURCE: UN
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What is “sustainable development”?
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Rio 1992, Johannesburg 2002….
• Definition of Sustainable Development:“Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”.
Brundtland Commission
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Rio 1992, Johannesburg 2002….
Sustainable development & growth – 3 elements:• economically• ecologically• socially
A challenge is to break the relation between economic growth and increased waste
• Social responsibility• Global trade
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Sustainability ”in simple terms”
Sustainable Resource
supply
Sustainable processes
Sustainable demand
Sustainable recovery
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Sustainable SolutionsMalavalli Power Plant, India• Crop residues (cane trash/coconut fronds) and
other biomass fuels for the generation of electricity.
• Renewable energy displaces fossil fuels, reducing emissions by 20,000 tonnes per year
• Creates 650 direct jobs, collecting biomass, operating the power plant
• Contributes approximately $1m. to the rural economy, creating value for previously worthless crop residues
• Waste from the power plant is an organic fertiliser
Product Innovation
Or……a nuclear future?
Or……a nuclear future?
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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
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What is Ethical Consumerism?
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What is Ethical Consumerism?
Any occasion that the choice of personal consumption has been influenced by a particular ethical issue
e.g. Environmental, human rights, animal welfare
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Modern retailing has become a global trade involving a high carbon footprint
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Carbon Footprint
The carbon footprint is a measure of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted through the combustion of fossil fuels; in the case of an organization or enterprise, as part of their everyday operations or a product, in reaching market.
A carbon footprint is often expressed as tons of carbon dioxide emitted, usually on an annual basis.Source: Wikipedia
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Retailers and Sustainability
1. A tool for competitive advantage?
2. A cost saving exercise?
3. A genuine, environmentally beneficial response?
“ The customer may be king, but the retailer holds the keys to the kingdom”
Product Innovation
Carbon Labelling• In early 2007, Tesco, the UK's
biggest retailer, promised to put carbon labels on its 70,000 products.
• Tesco, B&Q, Marks & Spencer and BT will work with green experts and academics to decide how to measure
• emissions in the "whole life cycle" of a product from its manufacture to packaging, distribution and disposal.
Product Innovation
Consumers: Packaging and Sustainability
3 common perceptions about packaging:1.There’s too much of it2.It wastes our resources3.We have a problem getting rid of it
– Activity (1 minute):– Write down 2 positive points about
packaging
Product Innovation
75% of UK Household Waste (29.1 million tons) goes to landfill
50% of household waste from retail
Packaging waste: 4.6 million tonnes
70% of £9 billion UK packaging market used on grocery products
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Is the media focus on packaging over-egged?• The UK throws away 1/3rd of all food purchased (WRAP
2006)• 1/5th of domestic waste is food• Avoidable food waste has eight times the environmental
impact of packaging• 75% of consumers surveyed agreed that ‘discarded food
packaging is a greater environmental issue than food thrown away’
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Case Study: M&S Packaging initiatives
r-PET drinks bottles containing c.30% post consumer recycled PET
r-PET trays containing c.50% post consumer recycled PET
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Case Study: M&S Packaging initiatives
Clear labelling -
Easy open/use FSC approved carton board tray with compostable boplastic film (Polylactic Acid or PLA) derived from corn starch
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ActivityBuying a drink: An Environmental Dilemma?
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Figure 1: Transformation from source to use
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Table 1 Typical energy costs of common materials (MJKg-1)
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Figure 2: Waste Management Cycle
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Figure 3: The Waste Hierarchy
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Material Feature Aluminium Glass PET
Raw materials
Energy cost of manufacture (MJ/kg)
Energy cost of container manufacture
(MJ/container): refer pack wts. in Q.3Predict level of distribution costs
relative to aluminium
List likely disposal option(s) and
summarise key issues/ considerations.
List any other considerations you may have regarding environmental impacts in manufacture and distribution. Also, consider the level of market demand for recycling the packaging waste.
Product Innovation
A World of Career Opportunity!•Environmental management (industry-wide)•Environmental Law•Sustainable Product Design/Consultancy•Environmental Engineering: •e.g. water, renewable energy technologies •Central (e.g. Defra, Environment Agency, DTi) and local government (e.g. Recycling Managers)•Waste Management Industry •Research and Trade Organisations (e.g. WRAP)•Ethical Auditing e.g. financial investment services & banks•Utility suppliers: electricity and water•Construction/civil engineering •Transportation industry•Environmental pressure groups•…etc
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• Environment-related courses: www.ucas.co.uk
• Impressive range of courses available! – refer to handout
UCAS Listing
Product Innovation
We have……• Recognised the urgent need for more sustainably designed
products & services; and green technologies• Learnt some key environmental concepts.• Learnt about recent product innovation and design in the
multiple retail environment
Product Innovation
We have…•Applied analytical and creative problem solving skills to an “environmental dilemma”.•Developed an overview of the wide range of graduate career opportunities available.•Developed an awareness of the wide variety of course options available in higher education.
Product Innovation
End Global Warming…
…by consuming differently and consuming less