product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Product-driven eucalypt-fibreselection for papermaking
byDr Paul Kibblewhite
2nd Eucalypt ColloquiumChile
24 – 26 May 2005
Contact Details:Ensis PaproPrivate Bag 3020Rotorua, NEW ZEALANDEmail: [email protected]
Phone: +64 7 343 5468Facsimile: +64 7 343 5695
![Page 2: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking
Paul Kibblewhite
![Page 3: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
1. Bleached eucalypt market kraft fibres and end-use suitabilities
Paul Kibblewhite
![Page 4: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Hardwood fibre types
EucalyptAcacia
Birch / Aspen / PoplarMixed hardwood
![Page 5: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Hardwood market kraft types
Eucalypt ‘Birch’ Aspen Mixedhardwood
95 fibres59 fibres
52 fibres 53 fibres
![Page 6: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Eucalypt fibres
Short
Slender
Thin to thick walls
Low coarseness
Large numbers
Kraft pulp component in papers
Birch/Poplar fibres
Long
Broad
Thin walls
High coarseness
Small numbers
Mechanical pulp component in papers
![Page 7: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
No fixed rules to follow!!
Nothing set-in concrete!!
Exceptions to a rule always occur!!
For example
Eucalyptus regnans !!
![Page 8: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
For a eucalypt
E. regnans
Low density with broad and thin walled fibres
Mediocre kraft pulp at mature age
Good CTMP pulp at young age
![Page 9: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Globulus versus Regnans
Globulus Regnans
![Page 10: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Categories of eucalypt market kraft pulp
• High bulk (B)• Intermediate bulk (A)• Eucalyptus regnans
![Page 11: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Eucalypt fibre types
![Page 12: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Eucalypt market kraft “A” & “B” categories
550 600 650 700 750
High bulk Low bulkApparent density kg/m³
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100Te
nsile
inde
x N
.m/g Pulp A
Pulp B
![Page 13: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Eucalypt market kraft pulps can
have very different papermaking properties
![Page 14: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Regnans grouping
• Thin walled (relative to perimeter), collapsed fibres compared to “A” and “B” groupings
• Handsheets: High bonding, high light scattering coefficient and opacity. Low bulk, low stiffness and low porosity
![Page 15: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Eucalypt “A” grouping
• Fibre properties intermediate
• Handsheet properties intermediate
![Page 16: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Eucalypt “B” grouping
• Thick walled (relative to perimeter), uncollapsed fibres compared to “A” grouping
• Handsheets: Lower bonding, lower light scattering coefficient and opacity, higher bulk, higher stiffness, and higher porosity
![Page 17: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Fibres in eucalypt market kraft pulps
• Short• Narrow / slender• Generally of low coarseness• Present in very large numbers in highly
uniform populations
Compared with birch, aspen and mixed hardwood fibres
![Page 18: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
References
• Kibblewhite, R.P.; Bawden, A.D. and Hughes, M.C.: Hardwood market kraft fibre and pulp qualities. Appita 44(5):325 – 332(1991).
• Kibblewhite, R.P., Johnson, B.I. and Shelbourne, C.J.A.: Kraft pulp qualities of Eucalyptus nitens, E. globulus and E. maidenii, at ages 8 and 11 years. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science 30(3):-(2000).
![Page 19: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
2. Chemical and kraft fibre property variation within and among selected eucalypt trees and species
Paul Kibblewhite
![Page 20: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
For example
29 Eucalyptus nitens trees @ age 15
29 E. fastigata trees @ age 15
![Page 21: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Property variation with height above ground
Model predicted means
![Page 22: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Chip density and lignin content
0 2 4 6 8 10
Tree age less mean-log ring No. (13 rings) (7 rings)
440
460
480
500
520
Chi
p de
nsity
kg/
m³
Chip density
0 2 4 6 8 10
Tree age less mean-log ring No.(13 rings) (7 rings)
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
Chi
p lig
nin
%
Chip lignin
E. nitens
E. fastigataE. nitens
E. fastigata
![Page 23: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Chip glucose and xylose content
0 2 4 6 8 10Tree age less mean-log growth layer
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
Chi
p gl
ucos
e %
Glucose
0 2 4 6 8 10Tree age less mean-log growth layers
12
13
14
15
16
17
Chi
p xy
lose
%
Xylose
E. nitens
E. fastigataE. nitens
E. fastigata
![Page 24: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Magnificent Variation within and among eucalypt trees and species
For example
Chip density and lignin content
![Page 25: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Chip density
0 2 4 6 8 10 12Tree age less mean-log growth layer
350
400
450
500
550
600
Chi
p de
nsity
kg/
m³
E. fastigata
0 2 4 6 8 10 12Tree age less mean-log growth layers
350
400
450
500
550
600
Chi
p de
nsity
kg/
m³
E. nitens
![Page 26: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Chip total lignin %
0 2 4 6 8 10 12Tree age less mean-log growth layer
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
Chi
p to
tal l
igni
n %
E. fastigata
0 2 4 6 8 10 12Tree age less mean-log growth layers
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
Chi
p to
tal l
igni
n %
E. nitens
![Page 27: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Kraft fibre property interrelationships(Fibres dried and rewetted from handsheets)
Wall area
Thickness
Width
Perimeter = 2(width + thickness)Wall area ∝ Coarseness
Width/thickness = CollapsePerimeter/wall thickness ∝ 1/Density ∝ Collapse
Number ∝ 1/(Length x Wall area)
![Page 28: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Fibre collapse and length
0 2 4 6 8 10Tree age less mean-log growth layer
1.95
2
2.05
2.1
2.15
2.2
2.25
Kra
ft fib
re w
idth
/thic
knes
s µm
Fibre collapse
0 2 4 6 8 10Tree age less mean-log growth layers
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
Kra
ft fib
re le
ngth
mm
Fibre length
E. nitens
E. fastigataE. nitens
E. fastigata
![Page 29: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Fibre perimeter and wall area (coarseness)
0 2 4 6 8 10Tree age less mean-log growth layer
19
19.2
19.4
19.6
19.8
20
20.2
20.4
Kra
ft fib
re p
erim
eter
µm
Fibre perimeter
0 2 4 6 8 10Tree age less mean-log growth layer
56
57
58
59
60
Kra
ft fib
re w
all a
rea
µm
²
Fibre wall area
E. fastigataE. nitens
E. nitens
E. fastigata
![Page 30: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Fibre wall thickness
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Tree age less mean growth layer number
2.15
2.2
2.25
2.3
2.35
2.4
Kra
ft fib
re w
all t
hick
ness
µm Fibre wall thickness
E. nitens
E. fastigata
![Page 31: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
E. nitens versus E. fastigata
For E. nitens with increasing tree height• Fibre perimeter decreases rapidly• Wall thickness increases
Thus for E. nitensChip density increases and fibre collapse
decreases(minimal change with tree height for E. fastigata)
![Page 32: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Kraft fibre property variation with length the example
0 2 4 6 8 10 12Tree age less mean-log growth layer
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
Kra
ft fib
re le
ngth
mm
E. fastigata
0 2 4 6 8 10 12Tree age less mean-log growth layers
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
Kra
ft fib
re le
ngth
mm
E. nitens
![Page 33: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Chemical and kraft-fibre property patterns of change with tree-height
Very different for E. nitens and E. fastigata• Wood lignin, glucose and xylose• Kraft fibre length, perimeter, wall thickness
and collapse• Chip density
Similar for fibre wall area (coarseness)
![Page 34: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
References
• Kibblewhite, R.P. and Riddell, M.J.C.: Within-tree Variation of Some Wood and Kraft Fibre Properties of Eucalyptus fastigata and E. nitens. Appita J. 54(2):136-143(2001).
• Kibblewhite, R.P., Evans, R., Riddell, M.J.C. and Shelbourne, C.J.A.: Changes in density and wood-fibre properties with height position in 15/16-year-old Eucalyptus nitens and E. fastigata. Appita J. 57(3):240-247(2004).
• Kibblewhite, R.P., Evans, R. and Riddell, M.J.C.: Interrelationships between kraft handsheet, and wood fibre and chemical property interrelationships for the trees and logs of 29 Eucalyptus fastigata and E. nitens. Appita J. 57(4):317-325(2004).
![Page 35: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
3. Selection of Eucalyptus nitens trees for different paper and pulp grades
Paul Kibblewhite
![Page 36: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
29 Eucalyptus nitens trees
# 15-year-old from same site# Selection - basic density @ 1.4 m# Kraft pulps @ kappa 20±2
![Page 37: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Tensile index versus sheet density“29 E. nitens trees”
29 E. nitens
600 650 700 75080
90
100
110
120
130
Apparent dens ity (kg/m³)
Tens
ile in
dex
(N.m
/g)
r² = 0.61
![Page 38: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Unrefined versus refined“29 E. nitens trees”
29 E. nitens
600 650 700 75080
90
100
110
120
130
Apparent dens ity (kg/m³)
Tens
ile in
dex
(N.m
/g)
r² = 0.61
29 E. nitens
600 650 700 750 80080
90
100
110
120
130
140
Apparent dens ity (kg /m³)
Tens
ile in
dex
(N.m
/g)
![Page 39: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
29 E. nitens trees
Decreasingsheet bulk
Increasing sheet density
⇓⇓
Individual-tree kraft pulps ordered
![Page 40: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Provided sufficient bulk, tensile index can be developed with refining but not vice versa!
Trees 1 - 7
600 640 680 720 760 800 840
80
100
120
140
Apparent dens ity (kg/m³)
Tens
ile in
dex
(N.m
/g)
Trees 22 - 29
600 640 680 720 760 800 840
80
100
120
140
Apparent dens ity (kg/m³)
Tens
ile in
dex
(N.m
/g)
![Page 41: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Suggested end uses for some individual-tree fibre types
Eucalyptus nitens
![Page 42: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Trees 1- 7 (high bulk)Sheet density ≤ 650 kg/m³ @ 500 rev
Wood-freePrintings and writingsTissue
Excellent• Bulk• Stiffness• <Formation
Tree 5 – 7
⇒Fibres relativelyLongSlenderThick-walled
Wood-freePrintings and writingsTissue
Excellent• Bulk• Stiffness• Formation
Tree 1 – 4
⇒Fibres relativelyShortSlenderThick-walled
![Page 43: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Trees 11- 29 (low bulk)Sheet density > 660 kg/m³ @ 500 rev
Extreme high density papers
Extremelow bulk
Trees 24 – 29
⇒Fibres relativelyBroadThin-walled> Collapse
Wood-freeGlassine papersSoft tissue – Low bulk component
Low bulkTrees 11 – 16
⇒Fibres relativelyBroadThin-walledHigh collapse
![Page 44: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Reference
Kibblewhite, R.P. and Shelbourne, C.J.A.: Genetic selection of trees with designer fibres for different paper and pulp grades. Transactions of the 11th Fundamental Research Symposium "Fundamentals of Papermaking Materials",Cambridge, September 1997.
![Page 45: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
4. Eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking: E. nitens, E. globulus& E. maidenii at ages 8 and 11 years
Paul Kibblewhite
![Page 46: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Two stand ages• 8 years• 11 years
Three species• E. nitens• E. maidenii• E. globulus
![Page 47: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Chip density and pulp yield
Chip density kg/m³ Pulp yield %
8 years
11 years
8 years
11 years
Nitens 447 448 53.0 55.6 Maidenii 569 576 55.0 55.5 Globulus 490 543 56.2 “54.5”
![Page 48: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Chip total lignin and pulp yield
Pulp yield % Total lignin %8 years 11 years 8 years 11 years
Nitens 53.0 55.6 30.4 29.0
Maidenii 55.0 55.5 31.8 28.8
Globulus 56.2 “54.5” 31.9 27.4
![Page 49: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Chip carbohydrates and pulp yield
Pulp yield % % of total carbohydratesGlucose Xylose
8 yrs 11 yrs 8 yrs 11 yrs 8 yrs 11 yrs
Nitens 53.0 55.6 69.9 70.2 24.6 23.6
Maidenii 55.0 55.5 73.9 73.6 20.4 20.3
Globulus 56.2 “54.5” 72.3 74.6 21.9 20.4
![Page 50: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Handsheet bulk (or density)
”Critical eucalypt pulp quality determinant”
![Page 51: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Acceptable handsheet density range for eucalypt laboratory pulps
~600 - ~650 kg/m³(@ 500 rev PFI mill)
Corresponding acceptable range for rewetted, bleached eucalypt market kraft
~560 - ~610 kg/m³(@ 500 rev PFI mill)
![Page 52: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Tensile index versus sheet densityE. globulus aged 8 & 11 years
550 600 650 700 750 800 850
High bulk Low bulkHandsheet density kg/m³
80
100
120
140
Tens
ile in
dex
N.m
/g
Eucalyptus globulus
11 years
8 years
![Page 53: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Tensile index versus sheet densityE. globulus & E. nitens aged 8 & 11 years
550 600 650 700 750 800 850
High bulk Low bulkHandsheet density kg/m³
80
100
120
140
Tens
ile in
dex
N.m
/gE. globulus versus E. nitens
11 years
11 years
Nitens
Globulus
8 years
8 years
![Page 54: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Tensile index versus sheet densityE. globulus & E. maidenii aged 8 & 11 years
550 600 650 700 750 800 850
High bulk Low bulkHandsheet density kg/m³
60
80
100
120
140
Tens
ile in
dex
N.m
/gE. globulus versus E. maidenii
11 years 11 years
Maidenii Globulus
8 years8 years
![Page 55: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Eucalypt kraft pulps ofpremium quality
E. maidenii aged 6 - 8 years
E. globulus aged 11+ years
![Page 56: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Pulp qualityand
“Fibre dimensions”
![Page 57: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Fibre property interrelationships(Fibres dried and rewetted from handsheets)
Wall area
Thickness
Width
Perimeter = 2 (width + thickness)Wall area ∝ Coarseness
Width/thickness = CollapsePerimeter/wall thickness ∝ 1/Density ∝ Collapse
![Page 58: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Important fibre property relationships
Nitens Maidenii Globulus8
yrs11yrs
8yrs
11yrs
8yrs
11yrs
Perimeter 38.8 40.4 40.7 42.9 40.6 40.4
Wall thickness 2.10 2.16 2.59 2.80 2.16 2.48
Collapse 2.18 2.14 1.81 1.83 2.07 1.81
![Page 59: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Kraft pulp quality determinants
Nitens Maidenii Globulus8 yrs 11 yrs 8 yrs 11 yrs 8 yrs 11 yrs
Length 0.82 0.88 0.88 0.94 0.85 0.85
Wall area 50 56 64 73 57 62
Collapse 2.18 2.14 1.81 1.83 2.07 1.81Sheet density 751 735 607 566 704 629
![Page 60: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Premium eucalypt fibres E. globulus (11+ years) & E. maidenii (~6-8 years)
������ ������� �� ����
������� ��������������
![Page 61: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
SummaryNitens Maidenii Globulus
8 yrs 11 yrs 8 yrs 11yrs 8 yrs 11 yrs
Chip density X X Best Best Good Good
Pulp yield X Good Good Good Good Good
Fibre length Good Good Good Good Good Good
Fibre quality X X Good X x Good
Pulp quality X X Good X X Good
![Page 62: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Eucalypt kraft quality requirementsfor laboratory-made pulps
Sheet density range~600 - ~650 kg/m³(@ 500 rev PFI mill)
• Fibre length: ~0.8 - ~0.9 mm• Fibre collapse: ~1.8 - ~1.9• Appropriate fibre perimeter, wall thickness &
wall area (coarseness) combination
![Page 63: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Eucalypt kraft quality requirementsfor rewetted bleached market dry- lap
Sheet density range~560 - ~610 kg/m³(@ 500 rev PFI mill)
• Fibre length: ~0.65 - ~0.75 mm• Fibre collapse: ~1.8 - ~1.9• Appropriate fibre perimeter, wall thickness &
wall area (coarseness) combination
![Page 64: Product-driven eucalypt-fibre selection for papermaking](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022020703/61fb28812e268c58cd5ad6b4/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Reference
• Kibblewhite, R.P., Johnson, B.I. and Shelbourne, C.J.A.: Kraft pulp qualities of Eucalyptus nitens, E. globulus and E. maidenii, at ages 8 and 11 years. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science 30(3): (2000).