process linkages in the wrf-hydro/national water model: … · 2017-06-01 · nwm v1.1 forecast...
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Large integrated NWC, NCAR and academic
development team
NCAR: D. Gochis, A. Dugger, J. McCreight, K.
Sampson, W. Yu, L. Pan, D. Yates, L. Karsten, A.
RafieeiNasab, Y. Zhang, L. Read
NOAA/OWP: B. Cosgrove, F. Salas, E. Clark, T.
Graziano, Y. Liu, C. Phan, Z. Cui
Process linkages in the WRF-Hydro/National Water Model:
Different processes acting on different scales
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BiodiversityDroughtPollutionFlooding
An Array of Water Issues
“Hydrology of Now”
Spatial ScalesWatershed Global
Temporal ScalesDesign Climate Adaptation
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Actionable Water Intelligence
Global to Street Scale
GLOBAL
NATIONAL
REGIONALWATERSHED
STREET
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• Operational forecast streamflow guidance for currently underserved locations
• Spatially continuous estimates and forecasts of hydrologic states for the nation through, enhanced physical accounting of major water cycle components (snowpack, soil moisture, channel flow, major reservoir inflows, flood inundation)
• Seamlessly interface real-time hydrologic products into an advanced geospatial intelligence framework
• Implement an Earth system modeling architecture that permits rapid model evolution of new data, science and technology
Goals of Version 1 of the National Water Model
http://water.noaa.gov/about/nwm
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Development Team: NCAR/RAL, NOAA/OWP/NWC, USGS, CUAHSI,
Universities
Sponsor: NOAA Office of Water Prediction
System become fully operational beginning Aug. 16, 2016
• Real-time verification since June 2016 (Rwrfhydro)
• Multiple operational products created by NOAA, academia, private sector
The National Water Model
http://water.noaa.gov/about/nwm
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The National Water Model Version 1: Technical Specs
Data Throughput:
• Input data per day: 4.45 Terabytes
• Output data per day: 3 Terabytes
• # of river channels: 2.7 million
• # of reservoirs: 1,260
• Total # of computational elements: ~360,000,000
Model Details:
• Number of lines of code: 74,740
• Computer usage: > 100,000 cpu-hours per day
National Streamflow Anomaly Map
Available online at: http://water.noaa.gov/tools/nwm-image-viewer
Development Team: NCAR/RAL, NOAA/OWP/NWC, USGS, CUAHSI, UniversitiesSponsor: NOAA Office of Water Prediction
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National Water Model
Initial Operating Capability:
Model Chain
5. Channel &
Reservoir
Routing
Modules
4. NHDPlus Catchment
Aggregation
(2.6M unique
catchments and
river reaches)
2. NoahMP LSM
(1 km grid)
1. NWM Forcing Engine
(1 km grid)
3. Terrain Routing
Module
(250 m grid)2-way coupling
Forecast
Products
NWM uses NCAR supported community WRF-Hydro system
NWM: http://water.noaa.gov/about/nwm
WRF-Hydro: https://www.ral.ucar.edu/projects/wrf_hydro
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Cycling Forecast Outputs
Hourly
Daily x 16
ensembles
4x Daily
-3 - 0 hrs
to 10 days
to 30 days
1-km spatial fluxes
(water & energy);
250-m routed fluxes
(water);
NHDPlus channel
routing
1-km spatial fluxes
(water & energy);
NHDPlus channel
routing
Met Forcing
MRMS QPE +
HRRR/RAP
Blend
Downscaled
GFS
Downscaled &
NLDAS2 Bias-
Corrected CFS
1-km spatial fluxes
(water & energy);
250-m routed fluxes
(water);
NHDPlus channel
routing
1-km spatial fluxes
(water & energy);
250-m routed fluxes
(water);
NHDPlus channel
routing
Downscaled
HRRR/RAP
Blend1 – 18 hrsHourly
NWM Operational Cycles:
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Runoff and Routing Physics:
WRF-Hydro Ecohydrologic Physics:
Overland Flow Lateral Subsurface Flow
BaseflowParameterization
Channel Hydraulics Basic Water Management
Column Eco-Physics: NoahMP
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NWM WRF-Hydro System: Spatial Transformation #1
Moving from 1km column LSM to 250m terrain routing grid:
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NWM WRF-Hydro System: Spatial Transformation #2
Structured grids to NHDPlus Catchments and attributed Channels:
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NWM WRF-Hydro System: Spatial Transformation #3
Adding in reservoir objects…:
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National Water Model Products
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Seamless Simulation of Nation’s Hydrologic System
Animation created by:F. Salas, NOAA/NWC
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- Forecasts from Short, Medium and Long Range configuration
- De facto time-lagged ensembles
Hydrologic Forecasts: Streamflow, hours to days to weeks
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• Merced River streamflow forecasts, with snow depth
NWM v1.0 Jan. 3-7 Atmospheric River in California
100m terrain
Pearl Harbor - Oahu
NLCD 2011 Land Cover
Default Soil type
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• Animas River at Durango medium range forecast
NWM v1.0: April 19 Snowmelt forecast
100m terrain
Pearl Harbor - Oahu
NLCD 2011 Land Cover
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NWM V1.1 Forecast Assessment: Midwest Flooding April-May 2017Illustrating the challenges of hydrologic forecasting
Total Rainfall During Flood Period (April 26th-May1st 2017)
Source: Stage IV
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NWM V1.1 Forecast Assessment: Midwest Flooding April-May 2017Illustrating the challenges of hydrologic forecasting
20
Nine-day lead time from one member
Missed by all membersdue to forcing
Good agreement with two-day lead time
NWM Forecast for Illinois River Near Tahlequah, OK on 4/21/17Nine Days Before Major Flooding
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21
Three of four simulations capture peak magnitude
Strong agreement
NWM Forecast for Illinois River Near Tahlequah, OK on 4/27/17Three Days Before Major Flooding
NWM V1.1 Forecast Assessment: Midwest Flooding April-May 2017Illustrating the challenges of hydrologic forecasting
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22
Strong indication of major flooding, final two forecasts capture peak
Event Summary• Indication of flooding 9 days in advance• Large forecast variability as
precipitation forcing evolves• Good though somewhat low-biased
streamflow forecasts at this location• Mixed performance across region
NWM Forecast for Illinois River Near Tahlequah, OK on 4/30/17Day of Major Flooding
NWM V1.1 Forecast Assessment: Midwest Flooding April-May 2017Illustrating the challenges of hydrologic forecasting
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NWM: Hydro Model Outputs…Channel inflow forecasts
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Grand Canyon River VelocityValid: 13 Dec.
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Flash Flood Watch Flash Flood Warning
Ponded Water
Column Saturation Depth
Surface Layer Soil Moisture Saturation
Hourly Precipitation
Beyond Streamflow…Additional NWM Hydrologic GuidanceNWM Analysis Output at 23Z on April 29th, 2017
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Hydrologic Forecasts: Snowpack
• Validated against SNODAS, NRCS SNOTEL and NASA ASO/MODSCAG products
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Hydrologic Forecasts: Evapotranspiration
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Hydrologic Forecasts: Shallow Water Table Depth
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
Chart Title
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3
• Real-time analyses and forecasts of depth to saturation– Shallow vadose zone– No regional aquifer– Likely most useful for ‘flash flood guidance’
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Hydrologic Forecasts: Shallow Water Table Depth
May 22, 2017 NWM Snow Water Eq.Colorscale: 0 – 500 mm
May 22, 2017 NWM Depth to saturation
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• Set of R tools to support WRF-Hydro pre- and post-processing
• Open source, community tool
• Full documentation and training vignettes
• Major Features:
– Domain visualization
– Remote sensing & geospatial data prep
– Output post-processing
– Observation data acquisition and processing
– Model output evaluation and visualization
– Generally model agnostic
https://github.com/mccreigh/rwrfhydro
Rwrfhydro: R package for Hydrological Model Evaluation
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Presented by:
NCAR NWM Development Team
COMET Collaborator:
T. Hogue, Col. School of Mines
National Water Model: Hyper-resolution Nest
Development
31
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• Urban hyper-resolution nests–Experiment with levels
of imperviousness in landuse–Test sensitivity to
NoahMP and soil params• SMCMAX, SMCREF,
SMCWLT, RETDP, OVRGH
–Experiment with burning in detention features, streets (10m)–Experiment with LIDAR
terrain data
• Develop methods for describing boundary conditions (in space and time) for nested runs
NWM Hyper-resolution Nests: Goals
100m terrain
Pearl Harbor - Oahu
NLCD 2011 Land Cover
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Thanks!
NWM:
http://water.noaa.gov/about/nwm
WRF-Hydro:https://www.ral.ucar.edu/projects/wrf_hydro
Rwrfhydro Evaluation Tools:https://github.com/mccreigh/rwrfhydro