proceeding of the 3 joint international meeting bogor ... of...proceeding of the 3 joint...

Proceeding of the 3 Joint International Meeting

Bogor INDONESIA, 13-15 October 2014

i



ISBN: 978-602-95733-3-6

PROCEEDINGS

THE 3 JOINT INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS 2014

THE 14TH

ANNUAL WORKSHOP OF

THE REGIONAL NETWORK ON ASIAN SCHISTOSOMIASIS AND OTHER

HELMINTH

ZOONOSIS (RNAS+)

THE 5TH

ANNUAL MEETING OF

SOUTH EAST ASIA VETERINARY SCHOOL ASSOCIATION (SEAVSA)

THE 3RD

SCIENTIFIC MEETING OF

INDONESIAN VETERINARY SCHOOL ASSOCIATION (AFKHI)

IPB International Convention Center, Bogor, Indonesia

13-15 October 2014

Editorial Boards

Prof. Banchop Sripa (Thailand), Prof. Zhou Xia Nong (PR. China)

Ms. Marilu Venturina (Phillipines), Dr. Remigio Olveda (Phillipines),

Dr. Robert Bergquist (Sweden), Dr. Lv Shan (PR. China), Dr. Xu Jing (PR. China),

Dr. Guo Jiagang (NDT/WHO Geneva), Dr. Mary Joy, Gordoncillo (OIE SRR SEA,

Thailand), Prof.

Srihadi Agungpriyono (Indonesia), Dr. Fadjar Satrija (Indonesia)

Organized by

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, INDONESIA

www.fkh.ipb.ac.id

Sponsored by

WHO (World Health Organization), OIE SRR SEA (World Organisation for Animal

Health), BOPTN (Ministry of National Education), AFKHI (Indonesian Veterinary

School Association)



Proceedings

The 3 Joint International Meeting 2014

© 2014 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine IPB

Editors : NWK Karja, IKM Adnyane

Layout : K Mohamad, MF Ulum

Cover : Design MF Ulum | Photo K Mohamad

Publisher :

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)

Jl. Agatis Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, INDONESIA

Phone/Fax +62-251-8629459, e-mail [email protected]

ISBN: 978-602-95733-3-6



iii

WELCOME from President RNAS+

Dear Participants,

I am really keen to see you all in Bogor-Indonesia very soon, renewing

old friendships, sharing research developments and strengthening our RNAS+

region research network. This year Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor

Agricultural University will host the the 14th RNAS+ Annual Meeting in

conjunction with the 5th South East Asian Veterinary School Association

(SEAVSA) and Indonesian Veterinary School Association (IVSA) scientific

meeting sharing common theme control of parasitic zoonosis. Our organizing

team both international and local has been working hard. We anticipate an

academically stimulating mix of research presentations and workshops, plus a

great opportunity for you to experience the atmosphere of Indonesia's rich cultures.

A big welcome awaits you.

Sincerely,

Banchob Sripa,

President RNAS+



iv

WELCOME from President SEAVSA & Head of AFKHI

Assalammualaykum warrahmatullahi wabarakatuh

First of all let us always thank to Allah the almighty for His blessings

bestowed to all of us. He gave us good health, time and opportunity to be able

to attend this very important meeting. It is of my great pleasure as the president

of South East Asia Veterinary Schools (SEAVSA) and Indonesian Association

of Veterinary Schools (AFKHI) to welcome you all the participants to 3 joint

meetings, the Annual RNAS+ Workshop, as well as the SEAVSA and AFKHI

meetings in Bogor.

I would like to express my great appreciation to Prof Dr Herry

Suhardiyanto, the Rector of Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) who has

given lots of encouragement and support to these meetings, to Prof Dr

Banchop Sripa, the president of RNAS+, and all Deans of veterinary schools in

South East Asia and Indonesia for their generous support and participation in the meetings.

New paradigm in the veterinary education in teaching relationship among human, animal and

environment health has been established using one health approach to give graduates better

competency in the understanding, prevention and control of emerging and re-emerging infectious

diseases including zoonosis. Despite of their importance in economic and production loss, parasitic

zoonosis is still given less concern in the teaching of zoonosis and parasitology in veterinary

schools, which may be due to low mortality, low morbidity and chronic cases. On the other hand,

there are high number of parasitic diseases and parasitic infection in South East Asian countries.

Therefore, it should be important to review the learning outcome and content of the teaching of

parasitology and parasitic zoonosis in the curriculum of veterinary schools in South East Asia. We

are happy that RNAS+ and together with SEAVSA and AFKHI will discuss and share about these

issues in this meeting.

The meeting will host scientific sharing and discussion in the field of parasitology and parasitic

zoonosis as well as other veterinary medical issues. In order to prepare the South East Asian country

with globally competent veterinary graduates this meeting will also facilitate veterinary schools to

discuss and develop standard and minimum requirement of veterinary education in South East Asia

region and AUN Quality Assurance.

I would like to thank the sponsors and the organizing committee for all the hard work and support

which has made the meeting became possible.

I do hope all participants will enjoy and get benefits from the meeting and able also to enjoy the

beautiful of Bogor city.

Thank you very much for kind attention and my Allah the almighty give His bless always.

Sincerely,

Srihadi Agungpriyono,

President of SEAVSA Head of AFKHI



v



vi



vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Welcome from President RNAS+ iii

Welcome from President SEAVSA & Head of AFKHI iv

Schedule at Glance v

Table of Contents vii

Meeting Report

R-01 Summary Report of the 14th RNAS+ Meeting 1

Lydia R. Leonardo

Oral Presentation

0-01 Detection of Acrosomal Damage of Ram Spermatozoa using Lectin

Histhochemical Technique during Freezing Process

11

Lisa Dwi Fannessia, Ni Wayan Kurniani Karja, I Ketut Mudite Adnyane, Mohamad Agus

Setiadi

0-02 Piper and Zingiberace are Potencial as Antibacterial Agent of Chronic Respiratory

Disease in Poultry

13

Min Rahminiwati, Yulin Lestari, Aulia A Mustika, Agung Zaim

0-03 Renal Adenocarcinoma with Marked Desmoplasia in a Lion (Panthera leo):

Pathomorphological Study

16

Ekowati Handharyani, Syafri Edwar, Endah Rumiyati, Yuli Purwandari Kristianingrum,

Adi Winarto

0-04 Maturation and Fertilisation of Sheep Oocytes Matured in Sericin Supplemented

Media in Vitro

18

Cut Yasmin, Mohamad Agus Setiadi, Ni Wayan Kurniani Karja

0-05 The Exploration of Eimeria tenella Sporocysts Inoculation on Featuring Cecum

and Oocysts Production in Chicken, an Initial Exploration of Sporocysts Potency

as Vaccine Material Candidate

20

Muchammad Yunus

0-06 The Prospect of Medical Devices for Early Detection of Autoimmune Diseases

based on Reverse Flow Immunochromatography Technique

23

Aulanni'am

0-07 Diagnose and Treatment Evaluation of Microsporum canis Infection In Dogs 25

Soedarmanto Indarjulianto, Yanuartono, Sitarina Widyarini, Putu Ayu Sisyawati

Putriningsih

0-08 Distribution of Ghrelin and It's Receptor in the Stomach: Immunohistochemical

Study on Obese Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

27

Teguh Budipitojo, Hevi Wihadmadyatami, Ganies Riza Aristya, Yuda Heru Fibrianto,

Dela Ria Nesti

0-09 Fertilizing Ability of Post-Thaw of Epididymal Spermatozoa Stored for 48 H at

4°C Prior Cryopreservation in Domestic Cat

29

Sri Gustari, Hermawan Andri Wibowo, Hardi Purwo S, Ervina Yulianti, Setyo Budhi, Ni

Wayan Kurniani Karja

0-10 Histology of Cerebellum of Kalong Kapauk (Pteropus vampyrus) using Cresyl

Violet Staining

31

Tri Wahyu Pangestiningsih, Pipin Dwi Kartikasari, Atta Hida Sarassanti, Syahida

Eviliana Zulaikha

0-11 Identification of Meatball Adulteration by Porcine Detection Kit and Polymerase

Chain Reaction (PCR)

34

Dyah Ayu Widiasih, Mutiara Ulfah, Christina Yuni Admantin, Zuli Amanah, Aris

Haryanto

0-12 Prevalence of Leptospirosis in Cattle in Sub-District Pengasih Kulon Progo 35

Estu Widodo, Widagdo Sri Nugroho, Bambang Sumiarto



viii

0-13 Potency of Testosterone Hormone Therapy in the Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) as

an Alzheimer's Disease Model

37

Yuli Purwandari Kristianingrum, Ekowati Handharyani, Dondin Sajuthi, Erni Sulistiawati

0-14 Studies on Turkey's (Meleagris gallopavo) Semen Collection Method as an Animal

Model for Collections of Merak Jawa's (Pavo muticus) Semen in Vivo

39

Budianto Agung, Sri Gustari, Surya Agus Prihatno, MMP Sirat

0-15 The Correlation between Femur and Humerus Length, Carpal Tarsal, and Sole

Circumferences with the Main Body Size of Sumatran Elephants (Elephas

maximus sumatranus)

40

Hery Wijayanto, Tri Wahyu Pangestiningsih, Woro Danur Wendo

0-16 Clinical Laboratory Study of Blood Parasites Infected Dairy Cattle at Tandangsari,

Sumedang Region

42

Agus Wijaya, Bayu Febram Prasetyo, Leni Maylina

0-17 Enrichment of Black Seed (Nigella sativa) Extract in In Vitro Culture of Rat

(Rattus norvegicus) Bone Cells

44

Fitri Susana, Wahono Esthi Prasetyaningtyas, Arief Boediono, Kusdiantoro Mohamad

0-18 Kapok (Ceiba pentranda) Fiber and Used Oil Fueled Portable Incinerator as

Biosecurity Enforcement Tool in Indonesia

46

Esdinawan Carakantara Satrija, Fadjar Satrija, Irzaman, Sri Murtini, I Wayan Teguh

Wibawan

0-19 Histopathology Study the Benefits of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) Extract for

Respiratory Organ of Mice (Mus musculus) as Animal Model

49

Sri Estuningsih, Agung Sudomo, Dewi Ratih Agungpriyono

0-20 Hypoglycemic Effect of Ethanol Swietenia mahagoni Seed Extract on

Experimental Diabetic Rats

51

Tutik Wresdiyati, Siti Sa'diah, Adi Winarto

0-21 Naturally Tetrahymena spp Protozoan Infection in Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) 53

Dewi Ratih Agungpriyono, Fatma Dewi Pravita Putri, Sri Estuningsih

0-22 Liver and Gall Bladder Ultrasound Morphometry of Indonesian Domestic House

Cat (Felis catus)

55

Rr. Soesatyoratih, Kurniawan Prasetya, Deni Noviana

0-23 Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated from

Dairy Cattle Milk

57

Agnesia Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni, Agustina Dwi Wijayanti, Fx. Satria Pinanditya,

0-24 Supriyanto Scriptaid and Trichostatin Improve in Vitro Developmental

Competence in Mice Cloned Embryos

59

Harry Murti, Mokhamad Fahrudin, Mohamad Agus Setiadi, Boenjamin Setiawan, Arief

Boediono

0-25 Effects of Crude Extracts Lecaena leucocephala on the in Vitro Migration of Sheep

Gastrointestinal Nematode Larvae and the Mortality of C. elegans

60

Yusuf Ridwan, Fadjar Satrija, Stig Milan Thamsborg

0-26 The Use of Recombinant DNA Vaccine to Schistosomiasis 63

Kurniasih

Poster Presentation

P-01 Acrosome Status of Ram Spermatozoa after Storage in Epididymis at 4 °C 65

Ni Wayan Kurniani Karja, Mokhamad Fahrudin, Kusdiantoro Mohamad,

Mohamad Agus Setiadi

P-02 Anatomy of the Male Reproductive Organ of Water Monitor Lizard,

Varanus salvator bivittatus (Reptil: Varanidae)

67

Mahfud, Chairun Nisa', Adi Winarto

P-03 Anatomy of the Male Reproductive Organs of Javan Pangolin (Manis

javanica)

69

Yusrizal Akmal, Chairun Nisa', Savitri Novelina



ix

P-04 Morphological Characteristic of Appendicular Skeleton of Water Monitor

Lizard (Varanus salvator)

71

Eling Purwanto, Nurhidayat, Savitri Novelina

P-05 Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Dairy Cattle Milk 73

Agnesia Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni, Michael Haryadi Wibowo

P-06 The Use of Contrast Media (lohexol) with Angiography Technique to

Measure the Density of Feline Urinary Tract

74

R Harry Soehartono, Awit Diah A Naomi

P-07 The Development of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Cells of Long-Tailed

Monkey (Macaca fascicularis) during Prenatal Period

75

Nurhidayat, R. Anny Karyani,

P-08 Supratikno Echocardiography Evaluation in Piglet (Sus scrofa) during

Recruitment Maneuver on Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Model

77

Gunanti, Siti Khaerotun Nufus, Riki Siswandi, Ririe Fachrina Malisie, Antonius

Pudjiadi

P-09 Histo-dynamical Study of Posterior Pituitary of Long-Tailed Macaque

(Macaca fascicularis) during Prenatal Period

79

Supratikno, Iga Ismaya, Nurhidayat

P-10 In vitro Embryo Production Using Simmental Cattle (Bos taurus) and

Brahman Cattle (Bos indicus) Frozen Semen Alif

82

Iman Fitrianto, Anny Rosmayanti, Arief Boediono

P-11 Microanatomical Study of Adrenal Gland of Newborn Long-Tailed Macaque

(Macaca fascicularis)

84

Danang Dwi Cahyadi, Supratikno, Nurhidayat

P-12 Policy Implementation Analysis for National Committee of Avian Influenza

Control and Pandemic Preparedness (Komnas FBPI) in term of Avian

Influenza Coordination Program in Indonesia

86

Mira Fatmawati, Etih Sudarnika, Kedi Suradisastra

P-13 Anatomy of Sumatran Rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) Body Muscles 88

Andi Hiroyuki, Nurhidayat, Chairun Nisa'

P-14 The Morphology of the Female Reproductive Organs of Cave Swiflet

(Collocalia inchi)

90

Savitri Novelina, RM Rizky Jauhari, Heru Setijanto

P-15 The Muscles Anatomy of Pelvic and Thigh Region of Javan Porcupine

(Hystrix javanica)

92

Supratikno, Oki Kurniawan Nur Cahyo, Srihadi Agungpriyon

P-16 The Successfulness of Embryo Production by in Vitro Fertilization using

Frozen Semen of Bali Cattle (Bos javanicus) and Ongole (Bos indicus)

95

G Andri Hermawan, Yanyan Setiawan, Arief Boediono

P-17 The Effect of Thoraco-Vagotomized Calves on Omasum by PGP 9.5

Immunohistochemistry

96

R Harry Soehartono, Riona Desti

P-18 Morphological Characteristic of the Cranial Skeleton of Water Monitor

Lizard (Varanus salvator)

98

Wiwit Widiawati Nurhidayat, Savitri Novelina

P-19 Electrocardiogram Analysis of Blood Autotransfusion on Local Indonesian

Pig (Sus domestica) as Human Model

100

Gunanti, Khansaa Mirajziana, Riki Siswandi, Peter lan Limas, Basrul Hanafi

P-20 Effectiveness of Rat Bone Marrow Stem Cell Therapy to Rattus novergicus

by Teratogenic Model of Particulate Matter on Expression of Kappa Beta

(NFkB) Nuclear Factor on Placenta

102

Sri Pantja Madyawati, Widjiati, Rimayanti



x

P-21 Identification of Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H5N1 Clade 2.3.2.1 from Duck as

a Candidate Vaccine to Chicken

104

Suwarno, Nanik Sianita Widjaja, Jola Rahmahani

P-22 Profiles of Red Bood Cell and White Blood Cell of Rat Snake (Ptyas korros) 106

Aryani S Satyaningtijas, Hera Maheshwari, Wahyu Aji Al Amin, Fajar S. Nur

Hardiansyah

P-23 Distribution of Lysozyme Producing Cells in the Sheep Salivary Glands: Immuno

histochemical Study

109

I Ketut Mudite Adnyane, Wahono Esthi Prasetyaningtyas, Adi Winarto

P-24 Antimicrobial Effectivity of Mikania micrantha Leaves Extract Against Penicillin

110 Resistant Positive Gram Bacteria

110

RH Gumelar Yoga Tantra, Usamah Afiff, Siti Sa'diah

P-25 The Potency of Ghrelin and Neuropeptide Y Protein as Materials for Energy

Balance Regulate Feed Efficiency of Broiler Chicken

113

Nove Hidajati, Romziah Sidik, Ratna Damayanti

P-26 Proteins Signal Tranducers and Activators Transcription (STAT) 5a and 5b as a

Candidate Growth Promoter on Broiler Chicken

115

Anwa Ma'ruf, Kuncoro Puguh S.

P-27 Motion Mode Ultrasonography of Rabbit's Heart during Long-Term Anesthesia 117

Septiana Eka Sari, Rr. Soesatyoratih, Devi Paramitha, Sitaria Siallagan, Deni Noviana

P-28 Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Serum Biochemistry in Dairy Calves 119

Sus Derthi Widhyari, Anita Esfandiari, Agus Wijaya, Retro Wulansari, Setyo Widodo,

Leni Maylina

P-29 The Prevalence of Reproductive Disorder on Beef Cattle 121

Surya Agus Prihatno, Sri Gustari, Agung Budiyanto, Erif Maha Nugraha S, Woro Danur

Wendo, Dwi Cahyo Budi Setyawan

P-30 Effect of pH on the Stability of Anti Avian Influenza H5N1 IgG from Colostrum

of Cows Vaccinated by H5N1

123

Anita Esfandiari, Fajar Kawitan, Sri Murtini, Sus Derthi Widhyari

P-31 The Effect of Pepsin and Trypsin Enzym on Anti H5N1 IgG Titer of Colostrum

from Bovine Vaccinated with H5N1 Vaccine

126

Sri Murtini, Fitri Amalia, Anita Esfandiari, Sus Derthi Widhyari

P-32 Erythrocyte Profile of Three Breed Bulls at Balai Inseminasi Buatan, Lembang,

West Java

128

Intan Pandini Restu Mukti, Chusnul Choliq, Leni Maylina

P-33 Ecosystems, Aquaculture and Potential Vulnerability to Schistosomes and Food

130 Borne Trematodes in Fresh Water Wetlands, Myanmar

130

Khin Thet Wai, Kay Thwe Han, Tin-Oo, Awung Ye Naung Win, Su Latt Tun Myint

P-34

Development and Optimization of Indirect ELISA for Detection of Human

Antibody 131 against Schistosoma japonicum

131

Fadjar Satrija, DG Noor Syamimi binti Daud, Samarang, Sri Murtini

P-35 Analysis of Community Knowledge and Behaviour to Cysticercosis/Taeniosis in

Kama Village at Jayawijaya Region, Papua

134

Olimince Asso, Inriyanti Assa

P-36 Observation on Temperature of Pork Cooked with Traditional Burning Stones

(Bakar 135 Batu) Cooking Technique of Jayawijaya Regency, Papua Province,

Indonesia 135

135

Inriyanti Assa, Fadjar Satrija, Denny Widaya Lukman, Nyoman Sadra Dharmawa

P-37 Cysticercosis in Wild Boar and Domestic Pig in Way Kanan District, Lampung

137 Province, Indonesia 137

137

Heri Yulianto, Fadjar Satrija, Denny Widaya Lukman, Mirnawati Sudarwantop

P-38 Trichinellosis Prevalence in Pigs in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province

139

139

Andrijanto Hauferson Angi, Fadjar Satrija, Denny Widaya Lukman, Mirnawati



xi

Sudarwanto, Etih Sudarnika

P-39 Street Monkey Performance in Jakarta-Depok-Bogor and Zoonotic Disease Risk

of Endogen Parasitic Infection

141

RP Agus Lelana, Diah Iskandriati, Uus Saepuloh, Entang Iskandar, Randall C.

Kyes, Suryo Saputro, Lis Rosmanah, Elok Budi Retnani, Intan Ciptaning Putri,

Silvia Arin Prabandari, Irma H. Suparto, Joko Pamungkas, Dondin Sajuthi 141

P-40 The Potential Zoonotic Soil Transmitted Helminths in Javan Slow Lorises

(Nycticebus javanicus)

142

Muhamad Mirzan Adi Wibowo, Elok Budi Retnani, R. P. Agus Lelana

P-41 Identifying Future Helmith Zoonotic of Indonesian Slow Loris (Nycticebus

coucang)

145

Nafisatul Ulfa, Elok Budi Retnani, RP Agus Lelana

P-42 Lice Infestation on Albino Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Sukamaju Village,

Ciampea, West Java

147

Susi Soviana, Firna Kristin Natalia Kolompo

P-43 Bilirubin Profile of Dog Infected Chronically by Babesia sp. and Haemobartonella

sp. Combination

150

Leni Maylina, Dondin Sajuthi, Anita Esfandiari, Agus Wijaya, Sus Derthi

Widhyari

P-44 Optimazation of ELISA Method for Detecting Schistosoma japonicum excretory-

secretory Antigen in Human Schistosomiasis in Napu Valley, Central Sulawesi,

Indonesia

152

Semarang, Fajar Satrija, Sri Murtini, Made Agus Nurjana. Sitti Chadijah, Intan

Tolistiawaty, Malonda, Maksud, Andi Tenriangka

P-45 Biological Control of Snail Intermediate Hosts of Fish-Borne Zoonotic

Trematodes, by the Black Carp, Mylopharyngodon piceus (Pisces:

Cyprinidae) 153

153

Nguyen Mahn Hung, Henry Madsen

Index of Authors 156



39

0-14

Studies on Turkey's (Meleagris gallopavo) Semen Collection Method as

an Animal Model for Collections of Merak Jawa's (Pavo muticus)

Semen in Vivo

Budianto Agung*, Sri Gustari, Surya Agus Prihatno, MMP Sirat

Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Jalan

Fauna, Karangmalang Yogyakarta, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Key words: ostrich, Merak Jawa, semen collection, animal model, breeding, AI

Indonesia has a rich biodiversity of flora and fauna. Technology which allows increasing the

population of Merak Jawa is the artificial Insemination (AI), but it is not known the exact method to

semen collection of this species. It is necessary to research on semen collection techniques appropriate

to the species. Artificial Insemination is one of the methods to promoting green peacock population

and save Indonesian genetic resources. The level of fertility in the male ostrich exerts considerable

influence on the efficiency of the fertilization procedure, and thus also on reproductive performance.

How to collect the semen is the important things to support the breeding system in this species. Turkey

is the closest animal species of animal models for Al in Java peacock. In this study we have used

turkey as an animal model in which both semen collection method that can be used in the Merak Jawa

that do not have the appropriate and complete method in the breeding methods of Al. Two studies had

done, that the effect of collection time and existing or current teaser and without teaser for massage

method for semen collection. Two males 2 years old of Turkey were used in this research studies with

5 replications. Collections have done in the morning, noon and evening time and with and without

teaser. The results showed that the collection time in the morning had best sperm motility rate

compared with the afternoon and evening (average 80% +5.68, 20% +6.05 and 40% +4.98

respectively). Sperm motility on with and without teaser methods seen that with teaser time of

collection has faster than without the teaser, furthermore sperm motility by using a teaser of the

without (80% = 5.12 and 35% + 7.21 respectively). It could be concluded that turkey spermatozoa has

higher motility rate collection in the morning and used the massage + teaser cement collection method.

We will use this method for the Merak Jawa bird in the future breeding method.

mailto:[email protected]



42

0-16

Clinical Laboratory Study of Blood Parasites Infected Dairy Cattle

at Tandangsari, Sumedang Region

Agus Wijaya*, Bayu Febram Prasetyo, Leni Maylina

Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural

University. Jl. Agathis, Kampus FKH-IPB, Dramaga, Bogor, 16680 INDONESIA

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Key words: dairy cattle, blood parasite, Anaplasma sp., Babesia sp.

INTRODUCTION

A serial hematological laboratory examination can be used as an evaluation of dairy cattle health

condition [1,2]. Nowadays, research information about the distribution of blood parasites, such as

Babesia sp. etc. through tick as a vector in Indonesian dairy cattles are very rare, especially at

Sumedang region or West Java province.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Two mililiters of blood sample was collected from each dairy cattle and then put on the

Vacutainer EDTA coated for complete blood cell examination. Sampling collection were from 25

dairy cattles. Smear blood slide was done as soon as possible after collecting the blood. Some

parameters of hematological examination were done by using cell counter - blood analyzer (Hemavet

(R)), such as for erythrocytes or RBC profiles (total of RBC, Hb, Hct., MCV, MCH, MCHC). Blood

parasite examinations were also identified and finally the data was analyzed by using analysis of

variance (ANOVA), SPSS 17.0 for windows, Minitab 15 English Version and MS Office Excell 2007.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Seventeen out of twenty five blood samples (Table 1) showed parasitized RBC or almost more

than fifty percent infestation of parasites were happened on the dairy cattle blood at Tandangsari farm,

Sumedang region.

Table 1. Mean of parasitized RBC profile on dairy cattle blood at Tandangsari farm, Sumedang

Region.

Sampel number Type of blood parasites on RBC Percentages of parasitized eritrocytes (%)

5 Anaplasma sp. (A) 0.48a ±

3 Babesia sp. (B) 0.47 a

±

9 Anaplasma sp. & Babesia sp.

(AB)

0.71 a

±

8 Normal control (non

parasitized)/NC

a (superscript letter) means that in the same colum was not significantly results

Table 2 showed that sample of parasitized blood (A), (B) and (AB) were not significantly different

compared to the control (NC) so that it means the type of anemia can be classified as normocytic

normochromic anemia. In this researh the anemia can be classified as microcytic, macrocytic or

normocytic with or without reticulocytes (3).

Table 2. Mean of hematological RBC profile on dairy cattle blood at Tandangsari farm, Sumedang

Region.



43

Sample

number

Type of blood

parasites on

RBC

Hematological values (RBC)

Erythrocytes

(/106

/mm/3)

Hb

(g/dl)

Hct (%) MCV

(fl)

MCH

(pg)

MCHC

(%)

5 Anaplasma sp.

(A)

59.2b

± 0.55 9.32b

±

0.30

27.60ab

± 1.14

47.00a ±

2.35

16.00b ±

1.41

34.00b

±

0.71

3 Babesia sp. (B) 5.30b

± 0.60 9.03b

±

0.81

26.33b

±

2.52

50.00a ±

2.65

17.33b ±

0.58

34.33a ±

0.58

9 Anaplasma sp.

& Babesia sp.

(AB)

5.40a ± 0.77 8.92

a ±

0.76

26.22a ±

2.49

48.78a ±

2.91

16.67a ±

1.12

34.22b

±

0.67

8 Normal Control

(non

parasitized)/NC

6.69c ± 0.64 10.60

b ±

0.99

31.63b

±

3.16

46.88b ±

2.42

15.88a ±

0.64

33.63b

±

0.74

a,b,c (superscript letter) mean that in the different colum was significantly results

CONCLUSION

Some blood samples from dairy cattles of Tandangsari farm at the Sumedang region were mild

infected by blood parasites (Anaplasma sp. & Babesia sp.). Anemia condition is due to hemolytical

process of RBC by some blood parasites such as Anaplasma sp. dan Babesia sp.

REFERENCES

[1] Cotter SM. Hematology. 2001. South King Street: Teton New Media. New York, NY: USA

[2] Price SA, Wilson LMC. 2006. Pathophysiology. The concept of clinical disease processes. Ed 6.

St.Louis, Mo: Mosby. Memphis, USA. pp. 498.

[3] Wallerstein RO. 1987. Laboratory evaluation of anemia, West J Med 146(4):443-451



44

0-17

Enrichment of Black Seed (Nigella sativa) Extract in In Vitro Culture of

Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Bone Cells

Fitri Susana, Wahono Esthi Prasetyaningtyas, Arief Boediono, Kusdiantoro Mohamad*

Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural

University, INDONESIA *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Key words: bone cells, differentiation, Nigella sativa, osteoporosis, proliferation

INTRODUCTION

Bone is a special connective tissue that functions as an advocate, attachment, protection, and

storage of minerals. Various abnormalities can occur in bone, such as osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a

systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone density and bone tissue damage in microstructure

that causes brittleness of bones. Nigella sativa has estrogenic activity that can help menopause

symptoms, so it can be used as an alternative to replace hormone therapy [1]


Nigella sativa solution was made into two concentrations: 0.05% and 0.5%, made from black

cumin powder. Bone cells isolated from five days rat (Rattus norvegicus). Bone marrow cleaned by

flushing. Cells at a concentration of 1x10+ cells/mL in 100 ul were put into a petri dish containing 2

mL culture medium Dulbecco modified eagle medium (mDMEM). Nigella sativa extract with

concentration of 0.05% and 0.5% added to petri dish 1 and 2 on day 2, 4, and 6. Cultures were

incubated in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37 °C for 7 days.


Evaluation of bone cell culture is done by measuring population doubling time (PDT),

percentage and diameter of osteoblasts and osteocytes. Nigella sativa extract at concentration of

0.05% and 0.5% increased the bone cells proliferation, with PDT value were 2.25 +0.28, 2.21 +0.05

and 1.98 +0.11 for control, NS 0.05% and NS 0.5%, respectively (p<0.05). Differentiation could be

seen with an increase in the diameter of osteoblasts (p<0.05), although the percentage of osteoblasts

and osteocytes were not significantly different (p>0.05) between treatment groups. Nevertheless, the

percentage value and the diameter of osteocytes at concentration of NS 0.05 % and NS 0.5 % showed

an increase (34 $ 3.77 and 35.63 2.77 um) compared to the control (29.96 + 0.66 um).

Population Doubling Time (PDT) is the time required by cell population to be double amount

from initial cell population (2). Nigella sativa extract at concentration of 0.05% and 0.5% on bone cell

cultures can lower the value of PDT compared with controls (P<0.05). The smaller value of PDT

indicates that Nigella sativa extract can increase proliferation in bone cells culture.

Percentage and diameter of osteoblasts and osteocytes are used to identify levels of bone cell

differentiation. The decreasing of osteoblasts and increasing of osteocytes showed in the treatment

group NS 0.05% and NS 0.5%. This suggests that the extract of Nigella sativa inducing differentiation

process of osteoblast into osteocytes. Diameter of osteoblasts showed significantly different between

treatment groups (P<0.05), while the diameter of osteocytes were not significantly different (p>0.05)

between treatment groups. It is proved that Nigella sativa extract induces osteoblast differentiation

into osteocytes that accompanied by changes in cell morphology and decrease in size so it will be

getting smaller in osteocytes diameter.

Nigella sativa contains high levels of active compounds including carotene, B-carotene,

tocopherol, fatty acids, and sterols that can affect cell activity. These compounds affect estrogen and

beta receptor complex (REB) to further diffuse into the cell nucleus and attach to DNA. Bond

estrogen-receptor complex induces DNA synthesis and expression of mRNA to synthesize proteins



45

that increase the activity of the target cells are depicted with cell proliferation [3]. There are estrogen

receptors in osteogenic cells and contribute directly to the process of osteogenesis. High doses of

estrogen will improve the process of osteogenesis by binding to estrogen receptors and stimulates cell

proliferation.

CONCLUSION

Addition of extracts of black cumin (Nigella sativa) in cultured bone cells in vitro can increase

the proliferation and induce the differentiation process of osteoblasts into osteocytes.

REFERENCES

[1] Parhizkar S, Latiff LA, Rahman SA, Dollah MA, Parichehr H. 2011. Assessing estrogenic

activity of Nigella sativa in ovariectomized rats using vaginal cornification assay. Afr J Pharm

Pharmacol 5(2): 137-142.

[2] Pellegrini MP, Pinto RCV, Castilho LDR. 2008. Animal Cell Technology: from

Biopharmaceuticals to Gene Therapy. Castilho LR, Moraes AM, Augusto EFP, Butler M,

editor. New York (US): Taylor and Francis Group.

[3] Nergiz C, Ötles S. 1993. Chemical composition of Nigella sativa seeds.) Food Chem (48):

259-261.

[4] Ohashi T, Kusuhara S, Ishida K. 1991. Estrogen target cells during the early stage of medullary

boe osteogenesis: immunohistochemical detection of estrogen reseptors in osteogenic cells of

estrogen-treated male japanese quail. Calcif Tissue Int 49: 124-127.



121

P-29

The Prevalence of Reproductive Disorder on Beef Cattle

Surya Agus Prihatnoi*, Sri Gustaril, Agung Budiyanto', Erif Maha Nugraha S,

Woro Danur Wendo2, Dwi Cahyo Budi Setyawan3

Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Anatomy, Department of Pharmacology,

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA

Key words: prevalence, reproduction disorder, anestrus, reepeat breeding, ovarian hypofunction

INTRODUCTION

Main obstacles for the success of artificial insemination is low efficiency of reproduction

characterized by failure of pregnancy. Low efficiency of reproductivity and productivity in cattle

showed that there is a reproductive disorder (1). A reproductive disorder in cattle generally

characterized by the presence of anestrus symptoms and repeat breeding. A case that characterized by

anestrus is ovarian hypofunction, ovarian atropi, luteal cyst, endometritis, metritis, and pyometra. A

case that characterized by the presence of repeat breeding is subclinical endometritis, delayed

ovulation, and follicular cyst. Up to now epidemiological studies against the prevalence and risk

factors of reproductive disorder in beef cattle not widely unveiled.

The aim of this research was to find out the prevalence and risk factors of a reproductive disorder

in beef cattle. Expected benefits of the present research is to provide an information of

epidemiological of reproductive disorder in beef cattle in Central Java Province as well as providing

information of economic impact resulting from disruption of reproduction. In addition, this research

result can be contributing to ideas for local governments as decision makers to make efforts of

prevention, controlling, and eradication on reproductive disorder optimally.


Beef cattle, belonging to farmers, were used in this research, both kept in a group or

individually, the age of 3 - 8 years old, healthy, had been calving at least once. The beef cattle used

located in five sub-districts who was selected to a sample, namely Toroh, Pulokulon, Wirosari,

Purwodadi and Gabus in Grobogan district of Central Java Province. Risk factors identified and

developed through a questionnaire in cross-sectional study using double stage sampling design [2].

Assessment unit in this research was 256 beef cattle with the level of confident 95 % and 214 elected

farmers. The determination of the sample at sub-district was done at random. Sample of beef cattle in

every sub-district was taken proportionate based on beef cattle population and retrieval of beef cattle

in the village level was done in cluster.

Data were exercised directly and through questionnaire against farmers, and observation and

examination on cattle. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed in univariat and bivariat using

software of statistic for windows version 8. Statistical analysis of the association of categorical data

calculated using chi-square (x) [3]. The power of an associate in cross-sectional study can be

measured using odds ratio (OR) [2]. The level of significancy was 0.05.The variables included in the

analysis is variable that it has value P<0.05.


Result of the present study showed that reproductive disorder prevalence on beef cattle in

Grobogan was 37.5% (96/256). Bivariate analysis of risk factors which is associated to reproductive

disorder were dirty cowshed ((x2=17.49; P=0,0000; OR=3,7), sub-district Toroh (x2=0,002; P=0,002;

OR=3,46), Boloh village (x2=0,0000; P=0,0000;OR=8,15), cows were only given forage alone (y2=

9,58; P=0,0020; OR=2,76), cows being kept as a sideline (x2 =13,92; P=0,0002; OR=2,77), farmers

knowledge about estrus signs (x2 =6,80; P=0,0091; OR=2,10) and the time of service (x2 = 4,24;

P=0,0396; OR=1,7518). Cleanliness of cowshed intensely affecting occurrence of reproductive

disorder as much as 3,7 times larger than clean cowshed. It is strongly support that clean cowshed

which is a requirement of reproductive success because it will minimize the accumulation of

infectious agents in the cowshed.

Cattle in sub-district Toroh has the potential affected by an impairment reproduction 3,46 times

higher than the other sub-district. Cattle in the village of Boloh has the potential affected by an



122

impairment reproduction by 8.2 times higher than another village. Farmers that do not possess wisdom

of estrus duration and proper time of service attempts to cause reproductive disorder, each about 2.1

times and 1.7 times higher than farmers that are knowledgeable of estrus duration and time of service.

Farmers knowledge about estrous cycles and estrus is an important point. Ignorance farmers about

estrous cycles and estrus besides can cause failures of the observation of estrus also impact on the

implementation of less precise artificial insemination, thus the probability of pregnancy failure

becoming higher. Perry et al. [4] explained that knowledge of estrous cycles and estrus is important to

allow reproductive management and control of estrous cycles meliorate. In this study, reproductive

disorders that occured in beef cattle were hypofunction of ovaries 3.9 % (10/256), persistent corpus

luteum 4.7% (12/256), ovarian atrophy 0.4 % (1/256), placental retention 2.7% (7/256), dystocia 0.8

% (2/256), abortion 1.2% (3/256), silent heat 2.3 % (6/256), and repeat breeding 19.1 % (49/256).

CONCLUSION

Based on the result of the epidemiological study of reproductive disorder in beef cattle in the

county of Grobogan can be concluded as: 1.The prevalence of reproductive disorder in beef cattle in

the county of Grobogan of 37.5 %; 2.The risk factors influencing reproductive disorder in beef cattle

was dirty cowshed, which is located in sub-district Toroh in Boloh village, cows that have been given

forage course, cows being kept as a sideline, breeder knowledge about estrus signs and the time of

service; 3. Reproductive disorders that occured in beef cattle were hypofunction of ovaries, persistent

corpus luteum, ovarian atrophy, placental retention, dystocia, abortion, silent heat, and repeat breeding

REFERENCES

[1] Noakes DE, Parkinson TJ, England GCW. 2009. Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics. 9th

ed. Saunders. Edinburgh. Pp 399-408

[2] Martin, S.W., Meek, A.H., Willeberg, P., 1987. Veterinary epidemiology, principles and

methods. loawa States University Press. Pp 23 - 40.

[3] Siegel J. 1992. Statistic Analytic Software. Versi 4.0 users manual. St Paul Minnesota:

Analytic softwere.

[4] Perry GA, Smith MF, Roberts AJ, MacNeil MD, Geary TW.2004. Effect of ovulatory follicle

size on pregnancy rates and fetal mortality in beef heifers. J Anim Sci 82(Suppl. 2): 101.



130

P-33

Ecosystems, Aquaculture and Potential Vulnerability to Schistosomes and

Food-Borne Trematodes in Fresh Water Wetlands, Myanmar

Khin Thet Wai, Kay Thwe Han, Tin-Oo, Aung Ye Naung Win, Su Latt Tun Myint

Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar)

Key words: Ecosystems, Aquaculture, Schistosomes, Trematodes, Freshwater wetlands

The growing body of evidences recognizes existing challenges as well as new

opportunities to prevent and control neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Asia and the Pacific

Region. A desk-based review during August-September, 2014 attempted to encapsulate the

vulnerable eco-social context for transmission of schistosomes and food-borne trematodes in

freshwater wetlands of Myanmar. The total population in Myanmar as of 2014 is 51.4 million

and rural populace contributes for 70% who are at risk of NTDs especially water and food-borne

schistosomes and other zoonotic helminths. Alongside new agricultural techniques, the number

of dams and irrigation sites and aquaculture also increase during the past decade leading to

potential man-made fresh water bodies favorable to intermediate hosts (snails and fish) of

schistosomes and food-borne trematodes. Anecdotal evidences in recent years indicated the

seroprevalence of schistosomes in the selected natural lake site (24%, 75/315) and certain degree

of presence of fasciola and schistosomes in the catchment area of one of the major dams in

central Myanmar. Individual behaviors in rural areas directed towards consumption patterns of

freshwater fish, crustaceans, amphibians and raw vegetables contaminated with metacercariae

warrant special attention for transmission of foodborne trematodes in selected inland sites.

Intertwining with poverty reduction and community development, potential vulnerability exists

for transmission of schistosomes and trematodes in neighborhoods of fresh water bodies.

Research capacity strengthening is essential for advanced molecular techniques in case finding,

hot spot mapping and participatory epidemiology techniques, and advocacy to further prevent

and control selected NTDs that might hamper socioeconomic development.

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