Problem analysis

Idea generation

Decision making

Jeopardy

Work on your project description in groups

Problem analysis

Time

Project start

Problem analysis

Project description

Problem solving

Report

EvaluationMilestones/deadlines

2/10 9/10

Problem analysis

• Before commencing the actual project work, you should carry out a problem analysis. Depending on the scope of the project, this process may be more or less comprehensive.

• In this process the basic concepts should be defined and the differing interpretations as well as the project group’s suggestions to the assignment text should be discussed

• The problem analysis itself is not part of the actual project description, but forms the basis of the description.

• The analysis helps you to broaden your mind or outlook, and in this way the analysis will enable you to do a better job in the problem formulation.

3

Problem analysisTwo documents, one iterative process

Problem/subjectanalysis

Project description

Often it will be a good idea to ask:

• What is behind the problem• What is the reason for…• Which consequences could it have for…• Why have no one made…• Where can we find…• ….

Problem analysis

Analysis of need and character of the problem

Analysis of persons and parties involved

Analysis of surroundings and market

Analysis of resources, equipment and knowledge

Plan and procedure

Problem analysis5 X 5 model?

Mindmap a tool for structuring& taking notes

Less noise pollution

Silencer

MaterialDesign

Cutting system

Why

How

Improve environment

Less pollution Less use of energy

Less air pollution

Slow growing grass Goats

Knife Saw Rotator

Problem analysisFunction Function/means tree

Problem

Why

What

Where

When

How

Who

Problem analysis6Q model

Problem analysisCause effect diagram (Ishikawa)

Cause Effect

Man Machine

Materials Maintenance

Mother Nature

Methods

Main cause

Sub cause

Problem analysisRich pictures

Finance Process Offerings Delivery

Business Model

Networks & alliances

Enabling process

Core processes

Product performance

Product system

Service Channel BrandCustomer

experience

How you make money

How you join forces with other companies for mutual

benefit

How you support the company's

core processes

and workers

How you create

and add value to

your offerings

How you design your

core offerings

How you link and/or provide a

platform for multiple

products.

How you provide value to

customers and

consumers beyond

and around your

products

How you get your offerings to market

How you communicate your offerings

How your customers feel when

they interact with your

company and its offerings

Source & © Doblin Inc

Doblin: Ten Types of Innovation ™

Why is innovation important ?

Divergent and convergent processes

CreateEvaluate

Create

Evaluate

Divergent and convergent processes

Meeting an idea for the first time

Blockings og resistance

• Blind to new opportunities • Need for safety (no risk taking)• Lack of self-confidence• Criticism and skepticism • Habits and old ways of thinking • Jumping to conclusions• Kill your darlings• Lack of common language and understanding • Participants too alike• Hidden agendas

Alex Osborn’s 4 rules of brainstormingClassic brainstorm

• Critics is ruled out• Freewheeling is appreciated• Quantity is good• Combine and improve is welcomed

Idea Camp Fire

• The subject (the challenge) – described on paper – placed on the floor/table.

• Write down individually ideas and comments (no talk) – one idea at each paper.

• Gather around the ”the fire” and place your ideas. • Organize and agree on a heading for each theme/group of ideas.

Inverted brainstorm

• Developed from traditional brainstorm -> can reveal ”downsides” to a concept or an idea

• Can be used if the idea generation process is slow and without energy• Four steps:

– Positive challenge (question)– Negative challenge (question)– Negative ideas– Positive ideas

• Step 3 and 4 are both creative processes

Inverted brainstorm

What can we do to make sure that our project will not be a success?

Ideas invert

Idea Circle

• Here the first person describes his new idea for improving the original idea

• Here the following persons can write their ideas for improving this new idea

• Here the first person can write his conclusion on the improvement process

Associations

Word Associations & Ideas

Tools for inspiration:“You need new spectacles”

Persona spectacles

What would Einstein or Bohr have done?

What would Bill Gates do?

What if you have unlimited time or money?

Time spectacles

Can you find inspiration from the past?

Can you find inspiration from the future?

Enviromental spectacles

Inspiration from animal and plant life!

Inspiration from the room you are in!

Inspiration from other spheres of your life!

                           

New spectacles

Spectacles Associations & Ideas

Environmental

Persona

Time

Typical problems around brainstorms

• Trying to solve the wrong problem• The group is not at the performance level

– Fights are fought– People are misbehaving (mobiles, pda’s etc)– People are behaving too traditional– The session is not facilitated

• The session is unstructured and too many and unconstructive jumps are made

• No or insufficient documentation

Storyboards for visualisation of a process

• Developed within the film industry (Walt Disney)• Can be used to visualize: ”product use”, “process”, ”product lifecycle”,

“expected user behavior” etc..• Visualization of a process -> storytelling as a tool

Storyboards for visualisation of a process

Might

Concentric circles

Should

Must

DOT Voting method

• Quick prioritizing method• Not a in-depth method, but based on ”gut feel”

• 3 steps:– Choose selection criteria's – Individual evaluation (number of dots, - all in all)– Sum up result

Evaluation scheme: Max. grade 3, max. weight: 5

Evaluation criteria’sa b c d e Sum OK

Weight factor 3 5 2 3 5Idea

A3 1 3 3 2

399 5 6 9 10Idea

B2 2 3 3 1

466 10 6 9 5Idea

C3 5 2 1 2

51 X9 25 4 3 10

A showstopper category can be added

Systematic evaluation

To the next time

• Have you finished your group charter (sent to your supervisor) and made an agreement with him??

• Keep working on the project description -> Draft needs to be handed in to your supervisor October 1rst

• Use the Idea generation Toolkit as a support kit for brainstorms• Look for software tools to help you (Freemind, mindmanager, Smartdraw...)