From microscopic perspective to macro co-ordinationCase study: slum upgrading in Luanda, Angola

JING Feng CAUPD

Outline

1. Background1. Background

2. 2. DiagnosisDiagnosis

3. Goals and Strategies3. Goals and Strategies

CITIC CAUPD

ANGOLA

Spatial Strategy Study of Luanda (1000-2000 Sq Km)

Comprehensive Plan of K.K. (206 Sq Km)

Work Partner institutions and Scope

Urban Design of K.K. New Town (Approx. 60 Sq Km)

Regulatory Planning in 10 Sq Km（ 10 Sq Km）

•“The next decade will likely mark the

first since the industrial revolution

when merging economies add more to

global growth than all the developed

countries combined. In our view, Africa

will be a core part of this economic

renaissance.”

McKinsey (2010) “Africa, a continent on the

move”

•Angola ranks high among African

countries in terms of economic

progress and potential.

• It will undoubtedly play a

significant role in the process

ANGOLA

Role of Angola in Africa

Order and chaos in Luanda

2010

1998

1989

1980

2000

Population growth

1866 -15000

1970 - 500,000

2010 - 6,500,000

Space growth

1980 -50,10 Km²

1989 – 103,04 Km²

1998 – 249,35 Km²

2000 - 270,05 Km²

2010 – 350,00 Km²

Outline

1. Background1. Background

2. 2. DiagnosisDiagnosis

3. Goals and Strategies3. Goals and Strategies

Site Investigation

Survey Route In Kilamba Kiaxi

Kilamba Kiaxi and Luanda city

Construction area:480 Sq Km

Musseques:380 Sq Km

Total population:

6,500,000

Residents in Musseque:

5,000,000-5,500,000

Spatial relationships

Vegetation Analysis Land Use Analysis Ground Temperature Analysis

Old colonial city

Road Network of

“Musseques” Area

Transport：Insufficient road network and indistinct road grade ， low accessibility，Some important traffic nodes have been seriously damaged

Musseques sprawl pattern: Lack of public services and infrastructure

Water & Electricity Accessibility in “Musseques” Area in K.K.

electricity & Pumping water

Electricity & no truck water

Electricity & truck water

Truck water & no electricity

No water & electricity

Self-supplied water & electricity

Lack of infrastructure

The most crucial issue facing Musseques are water logging and solid wasteCase: July 2000, trash dump Payatas in Manila collapsed and killed 218 people.

Águas estagnadas

Drainage Channel

Waterlogging Area

Solid Waste Accumulation

Terrible Waterlogging Area

Advised Relocate Area

Waterlogging & Garbage in “Musseques” Area in K.K.

Natural Disasters

Drawbacks and potentials for Musseques:Drawbacks• Huge Income Disparity

• Severely Insufficient Urban Infrastructure

• Shortage of Employment Opportunities

• Urban Safety Concerns

Potentials• Economic Level

• Plentiful labor force

• Low-skilled level of employment opportunities

• Potential consuming market

• Social Level

• Low cost housing and services for low-income

group

• Offer social service network for new migrants

• Cultural Level

• Carrier of diverse culture and grass root’s culture

lack of capability lack of chance

Population burden or demographic dividend

Outline

1. Background1. Background

2. 2. DiagnosisDiagnosis

3. Goals and Spatial Strategies3. Goals and Spatial Strategies

Three macro-planning themes

Economic revitalization

Inclusive growth

Improving livelihood

Ecological background

Projects layout

Space resource

industrial

agricultural

Service

tourism

Infrastructure

living environment

Luanda old city (Colonial city)

•Alleviate traffic congestion: build beltway around old city center

•Enhance environment quality

Musseques (Informal city)

•Upgrade environment quality ： clean up river system ， build

waterfront parks, connect green spaces

•Enhance utility access: build upon existing network, establish

universal access to water, electricity, drainage, and

telecommunication

•Create private-public partnership: form a gradual and

sustainable approach

•Efforts led by government: demolition of areas with high safety

risk, provision of water pumps and other infrastructure

•Efforts driven by market: development of TOD and buffer area

•Efforts led by residents: other aspects

Newly built areas (modern city)

•infrastructure is priority

•emphasize eco-system

Diversification planning strategy

Diversification planning strategy

1. Ports

– Build Dande cargo port

– Passenger port planning– Luanda port will function only as a passenger

port;– Expand capacity and establish ports in

Panguila, Cacuaco, and Benfica.

– Port Ground Access Network– connect port and railway– connect port and expressway

2. Railway– plan a specific route to support Dande port

ground access; build Cacuaco cargo depot;– Passenger transport : inner city– Freight transport: outskirts

3. Airport Ground Access– connect airport with ADR expressway

4. Road– 3rd Ring road: through traffic– Corridors: external-internal traffic

• north ： NGK，• east ： ADR，• south ： waterfront expressway

– construct passenger station– construct cargo station

Transportation

pipeline natural gas

power plant

comprehensive garbage treatment facilities

sewage treatment plant

400kV Transformer substation

400kV Power corridor

Recyclable energy 5%

Product Oil 49.5%

Imported Electricity 14%

Natural Gas

31.5%

Infrastructure

Musseque upgrade

Through planning, I hope to eventually create a future that will put smiles on the children in Musseque.

Thanks!