prioritizing countries and crops for h+ lac salomón pérez s. carolina gonzález washington dc,...

Prioritizing countries and crops for H+ LAC

Salomón Pérez S.Carolina González

Washington DC, October 18th-19th, 2012

Crops released in AgroSalud Country Crop/released year Nutrition data

Nicaragua Maize QPM (2007) Nutrader (Tript = 0.072%, Prot = 9.8%)Mazorca de oro (Tript = 0.072%, Prot = 10%)NB6 ((Tript = 0.063%, Prot = 9%)H-INTA991 (Tript = 0.063%, Prot = 6.3%)

Beans INTA Nutritivo (Fe: 80 ppm, Zinc: 37 ppm)INTA Rojo (Fe: 48 ppm, Zinc: 22 ppm)

Rice L8(Fe: 3 ppm, Zinc: 10.5ppm)L9 (Fe: 3.5 ppm, Zinc: 14.2 ppm)INTA Chinandega (Fe: 3.3 ppm, Zinc: 14.5 ppm)

El Salvador Maize (2008) Oro Blanco (Tript = 0.103%, Prot = 10.78%)Protemás(Tript = 0.11%, Prot = 11.2%)Oro Platino ((Tript = 0.092%, Prot = 9.5%)H-59 (Tript = 0.04%, Prot = 10.23%)

Beans Ferromas (Fe= 75-80ppm, Zinc= 35)

Colombia Maize (2010) FNC-32AC(Tript = 0.086%, Prot = ?)FNC-31AC(Tript = 0.072%, Prot = ?)ICA V354((Tript = 0.058%, Prot = ?)ICA V305 (Tript = 0.048%, Prot = ?)

Maize Sweet Potato Cassava Rice Bean Zinc Beta Tryp Lysine Fe ZINC Beta Beta Fe Zinc Fe Zinc

HarvestPlus-50% Target7,5 20 72 40

Agrosalud 40 15 0.8 4 11.8 7.4 75 15 2-3 17-18 100 50

Crops released in AgroSalud Country Crop/released year Nutrition data

Guatemala Maize QPM (2009) ICTA Maya (Fe: 0.8 ppm, Zinc: 0.8 ppm)

Beans (2010) ICTA Peten(Fe: 76 ppm, Zinc: ? ppm)

Panamá Maize (2008) IDIAP – MQ-02IDIAP – MQ – 07IDIAP – MQ-12IDIAP-MQ-14

Rice (2010) IDIAP GAB2(Fe: 4.13 mg/kg, Zinc: 15.5 mg/kg)IDIAP GAB6(Fe: 3.55 mg/kg, Zinc: 13.54 mg/kg)IDIAP GAB8(Fe: 3.8 mg/kg, Zinc: 14.22 mg/kg)IDIAP GAB11(Fe: 3.83 mg/kg, Zinc: 13.16 mg/kg)

Bolivia Beans (2009) Fortaleza(Fe: 83 mg/kg, Zinc: 40 mg/kg)Negro sequia o SEN (Fe: ? mg/kg, Zinc: ? mg/kg)

Rice (2009) Azucena (Fe: 3.4 mg/kg, Zinc: 18.57 mg/kg)Saavedra27 (Fe: 3.52mg/kg, Zinc: 11.2 mg/kg)

Honduras Maize (2009) Dicta – Q-10Sintetico 03 (olancho UNA)

Maize Sweet Potato Cassava Rice Bean Zinc Beta Tryp Lysine Fe ZINC Beta Beta Fe Zinc Fe Zinc

HarvestPlus-50% Target7,5 20 72 40

Agrosalud 40 15 0.8 4 11.8 7.4 75 15 2-3 17-18 100 50

What was done in AgroSalud?

• DALYs:Iron and zinc for Nicaragua, Honduras, México, Colombia and northeast Brazil.

Vitamin A. Colombia, Honduras, México, Haiti and Nicaragua


• Acceptance studies: El Salvador: Maize QPM “Acceptance of maize QPM cultivars: Platino, Oro blanco and Protemás in El Salvador” Published in Agricultura Técnica in México. Sample size: 133.


• Acceptance studies: Nicaragua: Potential acceptance of quality protein maize (Nutrader, Nutrinta Amarillo and Mazorca de Oro by farmer families in Northern Nicaragua. Published in Agronomia Mesoamericana. Sample size 142.


• Acceptance studies (suspended):

Cuba: Acceptance analysis of black bean cultivar with higher iron content Cubana 23 in Cuba. Has been suspended. Sample size 100.

Bolivia. Acceptance analysis of rice cultivars with higher content of iron and zinc, Azucena y Saavedra 27 in Bolivia. Sample size 195.

Main constraints in AgroSalud I

• Limited budged ( US$ 50,000 for three years)• Limited time: most of the cultivars were

released at the end of the project.• 30% Salomón Pérez time during the first year

and 50% the following two• No records about seeds distribution• NAR´s innestability• Lack of information (cultivars to be released,

where, when, etc)

Crops and countries selection• Criteria: 1. National production (per capita)2. Consumption (per capita)3. Iron, Zinc or Vitamin A deficiency as a level of public health problem4. Income (per capita)5. Poverty (<1.25 US/day)Information sources:Production and consumption: FAO (2009).Iron deficiency: Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005. WHO Zinc deficiency: Assessment of the Risk of Zinc Deficiency in Populations and Options for Its Control. IZING.Vitamin A: Global prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in populations at risk 1995–2005. WHO. 2005.Income and Poverty: World Bank

BEANS

Pre-school

Pregnant women

Non pregnant women

Belize 12 18 14.42 3,654.9 3 3 3 2Bolivia 16 1 6.64 1,204.0 2 3 2 2Brazil 6 45 16.20 5,626.9 3 2 2 2Colombia 10 10 3.21 3,953.1 3 2 2 2Costa Rica 3 25 3.21 5,358.4 2 2 1 2Cuba .. 45 7.14 2 2 2 3Dominican Republic3 14 3.32 4,824.9 1 2 1 2Ecuador 6 1 1.01 3,043.3 3 3 3 3El Salvador 9 42 14.13 2,963.4 2 2 1 3Guatemala 14 23 13.77 2,261.2 2 2 2 3Haiti 62 22 6.23 431.4 1 2 2 3Honduras 18 24 9.02 1,523.1 2 2 2 3Jamaica 1 7 0.11 4,076.7 3 3 2 2Mexico 1 28 10.19 8,161.9 2 2 2 2Nicaragua 12 64 23.92 994.1 2 2 2 3Panama 6 5 0.99 6,616.9 2 2 3 2Paraguay 8 16 7.56 1,509.7 2 2 2 2Peru 6 6 3.19 3,860.0 2 2 1 3Venezuela 7 14 1.66 6,053.7 2 2 2 2*Iron deficiency levels. 1= Mild, 2=Moderate, 3= Severe*Zinc and vitamin A deficiency levels. 1= Not a problem, 2=Mild, 3= Moderate

Iron deficiency (2005)*Zinc

Deficiency (2004)

GDP pc (US$ 2005)

Consumption (g/pc /day)

(2010)

Country

Poverty (<1,25 US$)

(1999-2009)

Production per

pc(ton/pc) (2010)

BEANS IRON

Pre-school

Pregnant women

Non pregnant

Haiti 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 19Belize 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 17Bolivia 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 16Brazil 2 3 3 3 2 2 1 16Cuba 3 3 2 2 2 1 3 16Guatemala 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 16Nicaragua 3 3 3 1 2 1 3 16Peru 2 1 1 3 3 3 2 15Honduras 3 2 2 2 2 1 3 15Paraguay 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 15El Salvador 2 3 3 1 2 2 2 15Mexico 1 2 3 2 2 2 1 13Jamaica 1 1 1 3 3 2 1 12Colombia 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 12Ecuador 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 12Panama 2 1 1 2 2 3 1 12Venezuela 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 11Costa Rica 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 10Dominican Republic 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 10

CountryPoverty (<1,25 US$)

Consumption( g/pc /day)

(2010)

Production per

pc(ton/ha

Iron deficiency (2005)* GDP pc (US$ 2005)

Index

BEANS ZINC

Nicaragua 3 3 3 3 3 15Cuba 3 3 2 3 3 14El Salvador 2 3 3 3 2 13Guatemala 3 2 3 3 2 13Haiti 3 2 2 3 3 13Honduras 3 2 2 3 3 13Belize 3 2 3 2 2 12Bolivia 3 1 2 2 3 11Brazil 2 3 3 2 1 11Paraguay 2 2 2 2 3 11Ecuador 2 1 1 3 2 9Peru 2 1 1 3 2 9Mexico 1 2 3 2 1 9Colombia 2 1 1 2 2 8Costa Rica 1 2 1 2 1 7Panama 2 1 1 2 1 7Venezuela 2 1 1 2 1 7Dominican Republic 1 1 1 2 1 6Jamaica 1 1 1 2 1 6

Consumption( g/pc

/day) Country

Poverty (<1,25 US$)

Production per

pc(ton/haZinc

Deficiency

GDP pc (US$ 2005)

Index

CASSAVA

Pre-schoolPregnant women

Belize 12 0.00 0.00 3 2 3,654.9 Bolivia 16 0.10 0.03 2 2 1,204.0 Brazil 6 0.30 0.13 3 1 5,626.9 Colombia 10 0.30 0.05 1 2 3,953.1 Costa Rica 3 0.10 0.04 2 2 5,358.4 Cuba .. 0.10 0.04 2 1Dominican Republic 3 0.10 0.02 1 2 4,824.9 Ecuador 6 0.00 0.00 2 1 3,043.3 El Salvador 9 0.00 0.00 2 2 2,963.4 Guatemala 14 0.00 0.00 2 1 2,261.2 Haiti 62 0.10 0.06 1 2 431.4 Honduras 18 0.00 0.00 1 1 1,523.1 Jamaica 1 0.00 0.01 2 1 4,076.7 Mexico 1 0.00 0.00 2 1 8,161.9 Nicaragua 12 0.00 0.01 2 1 994.1 Panama 6 0.00 0.01 2 2 6,616.9 Paraguay 8 0.80 0.41 1 2 1,509.7 Peru 6 0.20 0.04 3 1 3,860.0 Venezuela 7 0.10 0.01 1 1 6,053.7 *vitamin A deficiency levels. 1= Mild, 2=Moderate, 3= Severe

Vitamin A deficiency

CountryPoverty (<1,25

US$) (1999-2009)


(2010)

Production per pc(ton/hab)

(2010)

GDP pc (US$ 2005)

CASSAVA VIT A

Pre-school

Pregnant women

Haiti 3 2 3 3 2 3 16Paraguay 2 3 3 2 2 3 15Bolivia 3 2 2 3 1 3 14Cuba 3 2 3 1 2 3 14Brazil 2 3 3 2 2 1 13Peru 2 3 3 2 1 2 13Colombia 2 3 3 1 2 2 13Belize 3 1 1 2 1 2 10Dominican Republic 1 2 2 2 2 1 10Honduras 3 0 1 2 1 3 10Costa Rica 1 2 3 1 2 1 10Nicaragua 3 0 2 1 1 3 10Guatemala 3 0 1 2 1 2 9Ecuador 2 0 1 2 1 2 8El Salvador 2 0 1 2 1 2 8Jamaica 1 0 2 2 2 1 8Venezuela 2 1 1 1 2 1 8Mexico 1 0 1 3 1 1 7Panama 2 0 2 1 1 1 7

IndexGDP pc

(US$ 2005)

Country

Poverty (<1,25 US$)

(1999-


(2010)


(2010)


RICE


Non pregnant women

Belize 12 0.50 0.06 2 3 2 2 3,654.9 Bolivia 16 0.50 0.05 3 2 2 2 1,204.0 Brazil 6 0.60 0.06 3 2 2 2 5,626.9 Colombia 10 0.60 0.05 2 2 2 2 3,953.1 Costa Rica 3 0.80 0.07 2 2 1 2 5,358.4 Cuba .. 1.10 0.04 2 2 1 3Dominican Republic 3 0.90 0.06 2 2 2 2 4,824.9 Ecuador 6 0.70 0.12 2 2 2 3 3,043.3 El Salvador 9 0.20 0.00 1 2 2 3 2,963.4 Guatemala 14 0.10 0.00 2 2 2 3 2,261.2 Haiti 62 1.30 0.01 3 3 3 3 431.4 Honduras 18 0.30 0.00 2 2 1 3 1,523.1 Jamaica 1 1.10 0.00 3 2 4,076.7 Mexico 1 0.10 0.00 2 2 2 2 8,161.9 Nicaragua 12 0.70 0.08 1 2 1 3 994.1 Panama 6 1.00 0.08 2 2 3 2 6,616.9 Paraguay 8 0.10 0.05 2 2 2 2 1,509.7 Peru 6 0.90 0.10 3 3 3 3 3,860.0 Venezuela 7 0.50 0.04 2 2 2 2 6,053.7 *Iron deficiency levels. 1= Mild, 2=Moderate, 3= Severe*Zinc deficiency levels. 1= Not a problem, 2=Mild, 3= Moderate

Zinc Deficiency

GDP pc (US$ 2005)


US$) (1999-2009)


(2010)


(2010)

Iron deficiency (2005)*

RICE IRON

Pre-school

Pregnant women

Non pregnant women

Haiti 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 19Peru 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 19Bolivia 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 17Belize 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 17Cuba 3 3 2 2 2 1 3 16Ecuador 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 16Panama 2 3 3 2 2 3 1 16Brazil 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 15Paraguay 2 1 3 2 2 2 3 15Nicaragua 3 2 3 1 2 1 3 15Jamaica 1 3 1 3 3 2 1 14Colombia 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 14Dominican Republic 1 3 3 2 2 2 1 14Costa Rica 1 3 3 2 2 1 1 13Guatemala 3 1 1 2 2 2 2 13Honduras 3 1 1 2 2 1 3 13Venezuela 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 13El Salvador 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 11Mexico 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 10

Country

Poverty (<1,25 US$)

(1999-2009)


(2010)


(2010)

Iron deficiency (2005)*GDP pc

(US$ 2005)

Index

RICE ZINC

Cuba 3 3 2 3 3 14Belize 3 2 3 3 2 13Bolivia 3 2 2 3 3 13Haiti 3 3 1 3 3 13Nicaragua 3 2 3 2 3 13Ecuador 2 3 3 2 2 12Peru 2 3 3 2 2 12Brazil 2 2 3 3 1 11Colombia 2 2 2 3 2 11Costa Rica 1 3 3 3 1 11Honduras 3 1 1 3 3 11Panama 2 3 3 2 1 11Paraguay 2 1 3 2 3 11Dominican Republic 1 3 3 2 1 10Guatemala 3 1 1 2 2 9Venezuela 2 2 2 2 1 9El Salvador 2 1 1 2 2 8Jamaica 1 3 1 2 1 8Mexico 1 1 1 2 1 6

Zinc Deficiency


US$) (1999-2009)

Consumption( g/pc

/day) (2010)

Production per

pc(ton/hab) (2010)

GDP pc (US$ 2005)

Index

MAIZE


Belize 12 0.80 0.17 3 2 3,654.9 Bolivia 16 1.00 0.07 2 2 1,204.0 Brazil 6 0.80 0.28 3 1 5,626.9 Colombia 10 1.30 0.03 1 2 3,953.1 Costa Rica 3 1.10 0.00 2 2 5,358.4 Cuba .. 3.10 0.03 2 1Dominican Republic 3 0.70 0.00 1 2 4,824.9 Ecuador 6 0.40 0.07 2 1 3,043.3 El Salvador 9 8.10 0.13 2 2 2,963.4 Guatemala 14 9.70 0.11 2 1 2,261.2 Haiti 62 2.60 0.02 1 2 431.4 Honduras 18 8.80 0.07 1 1 1,523.1 Jamaica 1 0.40 0.00 2 1 4,076.7 Mexico 1 11.30 0.21 2 1 8,161.9 Nicaragua 12 7.50 0.08 2 1 994.1 Panama 6 0.50 0.02 2 2 6,616.9 Paraguay 8 6.10 0.48 1 2 1,509.7 Peru 6 2.20 0.05 3 1 3,860.0 Venezuela 7 1.70 0.07 1 1*Vitamin A deficiency levels. 1= Not a problem, 2=Mild, 3= Moderate

Vitamin A deficiencyProduction per

pc(ton/hab) (2010)


(2010)

Poverty (<1,25 US$) (1999-

2009)

CountryGDP pc (US$

2005)

MAIZE ZINC

Honduras 3 3 2 3 3 14Nicaragua 3 3 2 2 3 13Paraguay 2 3 3 2 3 13Belize 3 1 3 3 2 12Bolivia 3 1 2 3 3 12Cuba 3 2 1 3 3 12Haiti 3 2 1 3 3 12El Salvador 2 3 3 2 2 12Guatemala 3 3 2 2 2 12Brazil 2 1 3 3 1 10Mexico 1 3 3 2 1 10Colombia 2 1 1 3 2 9Ecuador 2 1 2 2 2 9Peru 2 2 1 2 2 9Venezuela 2 1 2 2 1 8Costa Rica 1 1 1 3 1 7Panama 2 1 1 2 1 7Dominican Republic 1 1 1 2 1 6Jamaica 1 1 1 2 1 6

IndexCountry

Poverty (<1,25 US$)

(1999-

GDP pc (US$ 2005)


(2010)


(2010)Zinc

Deficiency

MAIZE VIT A

Pre-school

Pregnant women

Paraguay 2 3 3 2 2 3 15Haiti 3 2 1 3 2 3 14Honduras 3 3 2 2 1 3 14Bolivia 3 1 2 3 1 3 13El Salvador 2 3 3 2 1 2 13Guatemala 3 3 2 2 1 2 13Nicaragua 3 3 2 1 1 3 13Mexico 1 3 3 3 1 1 12Belize 3 1 3 2 1 2 12Cuba 3 2 1 1 2 3 12Brazil 2 1 3 2 2 1 11Ecuador 2 1 2 2 1 2 10Peru 2 2 1 2 1 2 10Colombia 2 1 1 1 2 2 9Venezuela 2 1 2 1 2 1 9Dominican Republic1 1 1 2 2 1 8Jamaica 1 1 1 2 2 1 8Costa Rica 1 1 1 1 2 1 7Panama 2 1 1 1 1 1 7

IndexCountryGDP pc

(US$ 2005)

Poverty (<1,25 US$)

(1999-


(2010)


(2010)


Priorized countries and crops for H+ LAC in Central America and the Caribbean

Micronutrient - Crop Countries

Beans Iron Haiti, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Guatemala and Nicaragua

Beans Zinc Nicaragua, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti and Honduras

Cassava – Vitamin A Haiti, Paraguay, Bolivia, Cuba, Brazil, Peru and Colombia

Rice Iron Haiti, Peru, Bolivia, Belize, Cuba, Ecuador and Panama

Rice Zinc Cuba, Belize, Haiti, Bolivia, Nicaragua

Sweet Potato – Vitamin A Haiti, Cuba, Bolivia, Paraguay and Honduras

Maize Zinc Honduras, Nicaragua, Belize, Paraguay, Bolivia, Cuba and Haiti

Maize Vitamin A Paraguay, Haiti, Bolivia, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala and Nicaragua

Haiti 8Bolivia x x 7Cuba x x 6Nicaragua x x 5Belize 4Honduras 4Paraguay 4Guatemala x 3El Salvador 2Peru 2Brazil x x x 1Colombia x 1Ecuador 1Panama x 1Costa RicaDomican RepublicJamaicaMexicoVenezuela

PriorizationCountry Bean (Iron/Zinc)

Rice (Iron/Zinc)

Cassava (Vit A)

Potential Socioeconomic StudiesFirst year:

-Diagnostic per selected countries to identify diffusion strategies (main actors, geographic zones, target populating)

-Baseline construction for at least two countries where biofortifed cultivars are close to be released (Nicaragua-Bolivia).

-Adoption analysis for bean cultivar ICTA PETEN in Guatemala

- Panama –Beans: Base Line

Second year:

-Consumer and producer acceptance analysis for different crops recently released in two different countries

prioritizing countries and crops for h+ lac salomón pérez s. carolina gonzález washington dc,...

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