principles of fertigation grow more with less
TRANSCRIPT
Principles of FertigationPrinciples of FertigationGrow More With LessGrow More With Less
Roy Peleg, Netafim
Introduction
MenuMenu
Essential Elements
Plant Disorders
Fertigation Concepts
Fertigation Devices
Dosing Systems
Summary
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Needs of PlantsNeeds of Plants
§ Supplying a Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and others minerals is essential for optimal plant growth.
§ The nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is main builder for proteins, amino acids, chlorophyll and enzymes.
Introduction
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Global TrendsGlobal Trends In Population Growth
Introduction
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Deficiency Range
Adequate Range
Luxury RangeLuxury Range
Toxicity Range
Content of Mineral Nutrients in Dry Plant Tissue
Plan
t Gro
wth
, Yie
ldIntroductionNutrient / Nutrient / Growth Ratio
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Content of Mineral Nutrients in Dry Plant Tissue
Plan
t Gro
wth
, Yie
ld
Critical Deficiency
Level
Optimal Level
Critical Toxicity
Level
Nutrient / Nutrient / Growth Ratio Introduction
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Content of Mineral Nutrients in Dry Plant Tissue
Plan
t Gro
wth
, Yie
ld
Critical Deficiency
Level
Optimal Level
Critical Toxicity
Level
Visible Deficiency Symptoms Visible Toxicity Symptoms
Nutrient / Nutrient / Growth Ratio Introduction
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§ Optimal plant fertigation will include 16 elements which are
characterized as microelements consisting of Nitrogen –
Phosphorus – Potassium as well as calcium magnesium and sulfur.
§ Microelements consist of the following elements:
Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu,Mo,B,Cl and H,O and C which are supplied as water
(H20) and carbon bi oxide(CO2).
Essential ElementsIs Based on Essential 16 Is Based on Essential 16
ElementsElements
Plants FertigationPlants Fertigation
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§ Nitrogen is the builder of proteins, amino acids, chlorophyll &
enzymes.
§ Responsible for vigorous plant growth.
Essential Elements
NitrogenNitrogen
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1.8 3.5 7 14 28
160
140
120
100
80
60
mmol/l
WM
per
Pot
Effect of Nitrogen on Yields of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Essential Elements
NitrogenNitrogen
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Phosphorous (P) is vital to plant growth and is found in every living plant cell.
Involved in several key functions:
§ Energy transfer & Photosynthesis
§ Transformation of sugar and starches
§ Nutrient movement within the plant
§ Transfer of genetic characteristics
Essential Elements
PhosphorousPhosphorous
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Increases transformation of sugar and starches and energy transfer process
Essential Elements
PhosphorousPhosphorous
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§ Potassium compensates the osmotic pressure in the plant
§ Potassium is located in the stomata's guard cell and neutralizes
charges differences
Essential Elements
PotassiumPotassium
Without K With K
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Jiajiang, Sichuan, China 1999
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0 110 175
Prot
ein
yiel
d (K
g/H
a)
Protein yield = grain yield * % protein
Potassium (K2O Kg/Ha)
Essential Elements
K Increases Protein Content in Corn
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§ Keeping an accurate supply of nutrients to the plant, is crucial.
§ Deficiency of nutrients could cause plants disorders.
§ Disorders symptoms are usually seen on leafs or fruits.
§ When symptoms are identified, damage is usually irreversible.
Resulted from Inefficient Resulted from Inefficient FertigationFertigation
Plants Disorder
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Nitrogen deficiency in cucumber
Nitrogen deficiency in Bananas stem and leafs
Plants DisorderResulted from Inefficient Resulted from Inefficient FertigationFertigationNitrogenNitrogen
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Red veins in tomato leafs as resultof phosphorus deficiency
Phosphorus deficiency in Avocado
Plants DisorderResulted from Inefficient Resulted from Inefficient FertigationFertigationPhosphorusPhosphorus
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Potassium deficiency Resulting with Cucumber
leafs bleaching
Potassium deficiencyin grape leafs
Plants DisorderResulted from Inefficient Resulted from Inefficient FertigationFertigationPotassiumPotassium
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Calcium deficiency Resulting with blossom end rot
in Sweet pepper
Browning symptoms as result of calcium deficiency in lettuce
Plants DisorderCalciumCalcium
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§ Plan your fertigation strategy according to the crop needs, environment conditions and soil conditions.
§ Use monitoring tools in order to adjust your strategy according to continuously changes.
§ Keep proportional fertigation or just keep fertigation
§ Choose the proper fertigation systems
§ Use fertilizers coming only from reliable producers.
Plants DisorderDisorders in Plants
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Fertigation Concepts
The Onion Shaped Wetting ZoneThe Onion Shaped Wetting Zone
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Fertigation Concepts
Fertigation ConceptsFertigation Concepts
Quantitive fertigation
010203040506070
1 2 3 4 5Time minutes X 10
Qua
ntity
of f
ertil
izer
Proportional Fertigation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5
Time minutes X 10
Qua
ntity
of F
ertig
atio
n
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Fertigation Concepts
Uniform Wetting Points Along the Uniform Wetting Points Along the RowRow
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Fertigation Concepts
Wetted Area By Dripper in Different Wetted Area By Dripper in Different SoilsSoils
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§ Nutrient requirements according to crop stages (teaspoon feeding).§ More uniform distribution and closer to root system. § Better availability of nutrients to plants.§ Nutrient uptake increases.§ Reduced application losses of nutrients by leaching.§ Less costly application labor. § Application flexibility (time, weather, soil).
Fertigation Concepts
Advantages of Fertigation
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§ Pressure devicesFertilization tankVenturi injector
§ Hydraulic SystemsQuantitative hydraulic pumpProportional hydraulic pump
§ Dosing units systemsPrinciplesInline-JetBypass-Jet
Fertigation Devices
Fertigation Fertigation DevicesDevices
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Fertigation Devices
Fertigation TankFertigation Tank
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Fertigation Devices
VenturiVenturi InjectorInjector
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Fertigation Devices
Proportional Hydraulic PumpProportional Hydraulic Pump
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Fertigation Devices
Quantitative Hydraulic PumpQuantitative Hydraulic Pump
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§ Large graphic display
§ Flexible hardware structure
§ Suitable for Irrigation and climate application
The Netaget dosing unit ensures outstanding accuracy, homogeneous solution and simplicityUser friendly controller consisting of:
Dosing SystemNMC 64/15 & Dosing SystemNMC 64/15 & Dosing System
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§ State of the art technology ensures
precise fertigation
§ Unique hydro-mix technology
§ Dosing channels based on Venturi
injector with no moving parts
§ Quick action valves
§ EC/pH measurement and control
Dosing SystemDosing UnitsDosing Units
Main Benefits
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Desired Set Point
Coarse correction
Offset
Fine correction
Quick Action Valves
Injector
Dosing SystemImportant FeaturesImportant Features
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Pump
Mixing
chamber
EC
pH
Mixingchamber
EC
pH
System Inlet
System Outlet
PumpNetafim Inline-Jet:
Flow rates:20 – 5 m3/h
Netafim Bypass-Jet:Flow rates:20 –100 m3/h
Dosing SystemNetaJet NetaJet Types
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§ Fertigation is one of the major foundations for a plant growth
§ Optimal plant fertigation will include 16 elements
§ Keeping accurate nutrient content is very important for optimal growth and maximum yield
§ Deficiency of nutrients could cause plants disorders
§ Preventing fertigation disorders in Plants is based on good monitoring, keeping proportional fertigation and choosing the proper fertigation system.
SummarySummarySummary
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