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RefID: PPS_MFW_IWS
Principled Portfolio Solutions sm
Managing to Your Goals using Time Tested Principles
Exchange Traded Funds & Notes
Exchange Traded Funds & Notes with
Dynamic Strategic Allocation
Mutual Funds
Implemented Using
Multi-Strategy Account
SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
Contents
Overview
The Power of Principle 3
A Disciplined Investment Program 4
Why Utilize a Disciplined, Principles-Based Program 5
The Principles
Diversification 6
Asset Allocation 7
Portfolio Construction 8
Monitoring and Risk Management 9
Rebalancing 10
Tax-Aware Implementation 11
The PPS Investment Team 12
Appendices
The PPS ETF-Based Global Based Real Assets Strategy 13
Core or Value Focus – An Investor Choice 14
Investment Selections -Global Based Real Assets Strategy 15
Investment Selections–Global Based Real Assets w/ Value 17
Disclosures 21
SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
The Power of Principle
Key Investment Principles
Diversification
Goal-Based Asset Allocation
Efficient Portfolio Construction
ETF1 Monitoring & Risk Management
Disciplined Rebalancing
Tax Aware Implementation
The importance of investing according to time-tested principles should not
be underestimated.
After investing for a while, people begin to recognize that certain investment approaches tend to
work better over time, while others actually can hurt their chances of reaching their investment
and financial goals.
Before selecting an investment strategy, step back and take the time to examine its underlying
investment principles and understand its fit with your needs:
Is the strategy a good match with my tolerance for risk?
Is the strategy an effective way to help me reach my goals?
Are the sources of return and risk well-diversified?
Your advisor can help you answer your key questions and put you on track to achieve your
goals. Knowledgeable, professional advice can help you devise an effective investment
strategy based on time-tested principles.
1This investment program invests primarily in Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) but also uses Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs) when the characteristics of the ETN
are a better match with the goals of the investment program. Both ETFs and ETNs trade throughout the day on U.S. exchanges like stocks and offer tax
advantages over other pooled vehicles such as mutual funds as capital gains are generally not realized until the ETP is sold. Both ETFs and ETNs are designed
to track an assigned index or strategy. ETFs are structured so that the shareholder owns an portfolio of securities designed to track the target index. ETNs are
structured as a debt instrument where the issuer/guarantor promises the return of the index less fees. In this document, “ETF” may be used to refer to both
Exchanged Traded Funds and Exchange Traded Notes. “ETN” is used to specifically reference Exchange Trade Notes when appropriate.
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
Principled Portfolio Solutions Summary
a Diversification
PPS utilizes multiple asset classes, investment styles and managers.
a Goal-Based Asset Allocation
PPS offers twenty different portfolios from which to choose depending on your
investment objective, tolerance for risk, investment style preference, and tax situation.
a Efficient Portfolio Construction
PPS portfolios are designed to manage costs and efficiently achieve your target asset
allocation to help you capture more of the returns offered by the markets over time.
a Monitoring & Risk Management
The evolving risk characteristics of your exchange traded investments are monitored
on an ongoing basis and your portfolio is adjusted as necessary to maintain alignment
with selection criteria and investment objectives.
a Disciplined Rebalancing
PPS accounts are monitored versus allocation targets on a systematic basis and
periodically rebalanced as conditions warrant to maintain your intended allocations and
to keep your portfolio on target with your investment objectives.
a Tax-Aware Implementation
Each PPS asset allocation offers two implementations, one for taxable accounts and
one for tax-deferred/exempt accounts. Investment selections and rebalancing strategy
are tailored to the tax treatment of your accounts.
The Principled Portfolio Solutions (PPS) program provides a comprehensive framework for investors. PPS provides you a professionally managed, multi-strategy ETF-based investment program.
PPS brings together in a single portfolio, multiple asset classes, investment styles and
professional investment managers. The PPS ETF-based portfolios offer multiple sources of
potential return and improve your risk-reward profile relative to less diversified approaches. In
addition, the portfolio is monitored on an ongoing basis and adjusted to stay on track with your
goals as the markets evolve.
A Disciplined Investment Program
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
Net Flows Into Mutual Funds91
6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
After Best Quarter After Worst Quarter
Bil
lio
ns
Investors as a group tend to chase past returns…
…resulting in sub-par long-term performance.
It is well documented that
investors often let their
emotions and biases get
the best of them. This
leads all too often to a
pattern of “investors
behaving badly.” 1,2
A disciplined investment
process based on time-
tested principles can help
investors avoid common
mistakes and produce
better long-term returns
consistent with achieving
their goals.
Why Utilize a Disciplined, Principle-Based Investment
Program?
1Gavin Quill. November 2001. “Investors Behaving Badly” Journal of Financial Planning. 2001Data Period: 1990 – 1999. Flows calculated by Morningstar category 2. DALBAR. “Quantitative Analysis of Investors Behaving Badly 2013” Update. Data Period: 1994 – 2013. 3. See Disclosure page regarding index information.
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
It is important to recognize that a portfolio concentrated in just a few investments may
experience wide performance swings as investment leaders and laggards change. Help
smooth the progress to your goals by diversifying your portfolio.
For details of the Balanced portfolio, please see the disclosures.
TIPS are Treasury Inflation Protected Securities. TIPS became available for investment in 1997.
Asset Class Returns Over Time – Winners Rotate.
A Key to Long-Term Success
Markets move, sentiment changes, valuations evolve. The investment with top performance
one year may be at the bottom in the next and vice versa. Trying to guess the top performer
year after year can jeopardize progress to your goals. Instead, improve your chances of long-
term financial success through a well-diversified investment strategy.
Having your investments allocated among several asset classes, investment styles and
managers, diversifies your sources of return and helps you benefit more consistently as
market leaders change. Being diversified may also help reduce your risk of loss.
Diversification
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
The PPS program provides a range of asset allocations differentiated by investment
objective, asset class preference and tax treatment. Five different risk/reward levels are
offered across four asset models and two tax types (taxable or tax-deferred/exempt), for a
total of forty portfolios from which you can choose. Allocations are shown in the appendix.
The PPS program is designed to help you and your advisor develop an
investment strategy appropriate for you.
Your advisor works with you to understand your individual situation – your feelings about risk,
your financial and tax situation, and your goals. Your advisor can also help you better
understand the risk-reward relationship between stocks and bonds to help you choose a target
asset allocation most appropriate for you.
The PPS program provides a range of allocation choices. Each allocation is designed to
manage risk and gain exposure to evolving opportunities through a diversified mix of asset
classes, investment styles, and managers. Exposure to domestic and international equities
increases with your risk tolerance. Fixed income strategies utilize municipal bonds for your
taxable accounts. Your advisor can help you select an allocation specific to your needs and
objectives.
Goal-Based Asset Allocation
Stock and Bond Experience - 30 Years Ending 12/31/2014
The balanced portfolio consists of 50% S&P 500 and 50% Lehman Aggregate Index.
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
1) Brinson, Gary P, L. Randolph Hood, and Gilbert L. Beebower. 1986. “Determinants of Portfolio Performance.” Financial Analysts
Journal, vol. 42. No. 4 (July/ August):39-48.
Hensel, Chris R., D. Don Ezra, and John H. Ilkiw. 1991. “The Importance of the Asset Allocation Decision.” Financial Analysts
Journal, vol. 47, no. 4 (July/August):65–72.
Ibbotson, Roger. 2010. “The Importance of Asset Allocation.” Financial Analysts Journal, vol. 66, no. 2. (March/April):18-20
Note: Your selected target risk level reflects your decision to invest in risky assets to seek a target return to achieve your goals.
2) The ETF fee is the weighted average expense ratio the PPS Balanced portfolio. The fee shown for “Active MF” is the weighted
average median expense ratios for a 50% equity, 50% fixed income portfolio using Morningstar data. Equities includes U.S. large,
mid and small cap funds, and international and emerging market funds. Fixed income includes investment grade bond and high
yield bond funds.
Low cost, well-diversified, multi-asset class portfolios help you capture more of the long-
term returns offered by your chosen asset allocation. The PPS program utilizes cost-
efficient exchange-traded funds & notes to help keep you on track to your goals.
Implement Your Asset Allocation With Confidence
Your decision to invest – to select a target risk level and asset allocation appropriate to your
risk tolerance and goals – is a key driver of your success. So is how you choose to implement
your decision. It is easy to get side-tracked by chasing short-term performance or paying high
fees based on the perceived pedigree of the manager. An efficient implementation, with a
focus on capturing the long-term returns offered by your chosen asset allocation, can help you
avoid these common mistakes and stay on track.
Efficiently constructed portfolios that are designed to achieve your asset allocation target and
manage costs can help you be more confident of achieving your goals by positioning your
portfolio to capture more of the return offered by the markets over time.
Efficient Portfolio Construction
Asset Allocation Fees (%)
Research has shown that 90% or more of a
portfolio’s risk and return is explained by the goal-
based asset allocation and target risk level1
A fee saving of 90 basis points on a $100,000
portfolio results in a dollar savings of $60,000
over twenty years time assuming 6% returns.2
Key Drivers of Long-term Investment Results
1.24
0.25
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
Active MF ETF
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
ETF Selection Monitoring: Your ETF selections are monitored relative to the growing universe to
ensure they remain the most appropriate for your portfolio based on key selection criteria including
fees, tracking risk, liquidity, and the strength of the ETF sponsor. Changing ETF characteristics and
new entrants may lead to changes in your portfolio to enhance its efficiency and keep it on track with
your objectives.
Implementation Risk Management: Liquidity risk characteristics – bid/offer spreads, deviations
from NAV, trading volumes, etc. – are tracked for the ETFs used in your portfolio. This information is
used to determine the most effective approach to minimize the costs of the ongoing management of
your portfolio.
The charts above shows, over a twelve month period, the changing percentage deviation between the share price and net asset value (NAV) of two
commodity exchange traded products. A fund is trading at a premium when the share price is above its NAV. The left chart shows large and volatile
premiums that can expose an investor to avoidable losses. Buyers of a fund trading at a premium are subject to losses, or returns forgone, if the shares
are sold at a time when the premium is no longer present or when the shares are trading at a discount. The PPS program seeks to avoid these liquidity
related losses by tracking and analyzing the universe of more than 1000 ETFs and utilizing those that offer better characteristics in your portfolio, as
demonstrated in the chart at the right that shows smaller and more stable deviations from NAV.
Data Source: Bloomberg
The PPS Approach
Tracking and Responding to Evolving Conditions
Once your ETF portfolio is established, it is important to your long-term success that the
holdings are monitored and managed to ensure the ETF selections remain
appropriate and the portfolio remains aligned with its intended design and goals. ETF
characteristics that can impact success relative to objectives include liquidity, deviations
from net asset value, and tracking error relative to the target asset class.
Monitoring & Risk Management
(1)
-
1
2
3
4
5
Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
Example: Deviations from Net Asset Value
“Brand Name” Commodity ETF Not Included in the
PPS Program
Commodity ETN Included in the PPS Program
% P
rem
ium
(D
isc
ou
nt)
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
The portfolio is checked against drift limits that have been selected by analyzing the trade-off
between the desire to minimize the distance away from targets and the desire to minimize cost of
trading, including tax costs. Rebalancing occurs only when an allocation weight to an asset class is
outside its allowable range.
The chart above shows how the allocation of a balanced portfolio changes with market movement, if not rebalanced. The S&P 500 closed near 900 on
both September 1997 and December 2008. Beginning at 50% stocks and 50% bonds in 1997, the equity allocation peaked with equity market highs in
2000 and 2007 and bottomed with equity market lows in 2002, possibly 2008.
The PPS Approach
A Systematic Approach to Staying on Track
Market movements can alter your allocations over time, causing your portfolio to drift from its
intended targets. Unattended, this drift may leave you underinvested in growth oriented assets
or may expose your portfolio to greater risk than originally intended.
A disciplined process for realigning your portfolio can help keep your portfolio on target with
your intended risk level and investment objectives.
Disciplined Rebalancing
Evolution of a Balanced Portfolio
No Rebalancing
50
41
60
47
62
50
59
40
53
38
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Aug 1997 Aug 2000 Sept 2002 Oct 2007 Dec 2008
All
oc
ati
on
%
Bonds Equity
Not rebalancing can lead
to the wrong equity
allocation at the wrong
time: large equity
allocations at market
highs and small equity
allocations at market lows.
Rebalancing helps you to
buy low and sell high, and
avoid the dangers of
performance chasing.
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
The PPS approach seeks to maximize not only what your portfolio earns for a given
level of risk, but also what you get to keep.
The chart above shows the long-term wealth benefit for an investor in a 33% tax bracket using municipal bonds. The yields and tax rates were arbitrarily
selected for illustrative purposes only and do not represent a recommendation for any specific investment. The breakeven tax rate that would produce the
same after tax wealth for the corporate bond and the municipal bond is 18.2%. Break-even tax rates are specific to each investor and the yields on the
actual bonds chosen for comparison. Generally, client’s with marginal tax rates above the breakeven tax rate may benefit from using municipal bonds for
their fixed income holdings in taxable accounts. Other factors such as expectations of future marginal tax rates, future yields in municipal and corporate
bond markets, investment horizon and transaction costs need to be considered before investing. Consult your financial advisor.
After you have selected an asset allocation appropriate for your risk preferences and goals,
your specific implementation depends on your personal income tax rate and the tax-type of
your investment account(s).
The PPS program offers two implementations of each asset allocation strategy: one intended
for use in taxable accounts and one intended for tax-deferred/exempt accounts.
The implementation for taxable accounts applies turnover reduction strategies to reduce the
potential for capital gains, and utilizes municipal bonds for the fixed income allocation to help
reduce the drag of income taxes on wealth, particularly for the higher tax bracket investor.
Tax-Aware Implementation
The Value of $100K in 20 Years
$292K
$241K
$206K
$-
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
$350
Corporate Bond Municipal Bond Corporate Bond
5.5% Before 33% Tax 4.5% Tax free 5.5% After 33% Tax
Th
ou
sa
nd
s
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
Background
Kovack Advisors has engaged outside specialists as sub-advisors to make the PPS program
available to you. SightLine Investments, a unit of WealthCare Capital Management LLC,
specializes in principles-based, risk-managed investment solutions, and is responsible for
managing the portfolio models, including manager selection, portfolio construction and
ongoing model changes. Kovack Advisors is responsible for trading and execution services.
A Message From Kovack Advisors Inc
Kovack Advisors’ business is providing extraordinary service to our advisors so they can focus
wholly on the individual and institutional investor. We are independent, strong and supportive.
Established in March 2004, Kovack Advisors is an SEC Registered Investment Advisor,
headquartered in Fort Lauderdale, FL, with independent advisors located across the country.
We have strategic alliances with the most recognized and respected advisory clearing firms in
the industry and we offer an RIA Platform that is second to none in providing comprehensive
investment solutions and accessible technology. Our independent nature is what sets us apart.
Our strength, stability and innovation are why we’ll not only endure, but thrive!
Our advisors have access to best-of-breed programs, services and technology. Kovack
Advisors does not offer proprietary programs. We will always sit on same side of the table with
our clients; striving to always be an example of un-biased guidance and trusted advice.
Principled Portfolio Solutions (PPS)
The PPS Investment Team believes that investing based on time-tested principles is a
foundation for long term investment success. Based on the key principles articulated herein
SightLine builds and manages investment programs for institutions serving the individual
investor using mutual funds, exchanged traded funds and third-party managers.
Ron Madey, CFA
Chief Investment Officer
Wealthcare Capital Management / SightLine Investments
Experience: 28 years
Ken Kideckel, CFA
Portfolio Manager
Wealthcare Capital Management / SightLine Investments
Experience: 20 years
The PPS Investment Team
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Appendix -Global Based Real Assets Strategy
Lower RiskLower Reward Potential
More RiskMore Reward Potential
Conservative BalancedModerate
Growth GrowthAggressive
Growth
Asset Class
Cash 5 2 2 2 2
Cash Equivalents 5 2 2 2 2
Fixed Income 65 48 33 18 0
Investment Grade Bonds 55 40 28 18 0
High Income Bonds 10 8 5 0 0
Equity 30 50 65 80 98
Real Estate 3 5 7 9 10
Large Cap Equity 11 19 24 30 37
Small-Mid Cap Equity 3 5 7 8 10
International Equity 7 12 15 19 23
Emerging Market Equity 4 7 9 11 13
Commodities 1 2 3 3 4
Diversification: All PPS portfolios are built upon the important principle of diversification to manage your risk-return experience over time. All PPS portfolios are diversified by asset, style and investment manager.
Goal-Based Asset Allocation: PPS offers asset allocations portfolios differentiated by asset class preferences, investment objective, tolerance for risk and tax situations. You select the portfolio that meets your needs.
Efficient Portfolio Construction: With PPS ETF-based portfolios, investors benefit from an efficient portfolio design. Each investment selection is based on key diversification, expense, and liquidity criteria to manage costs and achieve the target profile of your chosen asset allocation.
Monitoring and Risk Management: Key drivers that underpinthe results of your asset allocation strategy, your investment selections and portfolio construction, are monitored and adjusted as necessary to maintain alignment with selection criteria and investment objectives.
Disciplined Rebalancing: Systematic, disciplined rebalancing serves to help manage risk, maintain your intended allocations and keep your portfolio on target with your objectives.
Tax-Aware Implementation: Each PPS asset allocation offers two implementations, one for taxable accounts and one for tax-deferred accounts. Product selections and rebalancing strategy are tailored to the tax treatment of your accounts.
Key Investment Principles
$50,000 Minimum Portfolio
Managed by SightLine Investments , a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management 13
Taxable Accounts
Equity Models Portfolio ManagerManager
Tenure#
HoldingsTurnover
% % Top 10Wgt Avg Mkt Cap Price to Book
Real Estate
Vanguard REIT ETF (VNQ) A,B,C,D,E Gerard C. O'Reilly 18.7 145 11 38 9,411 2.4
Large Cap Equity
SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY) A,B,C,D,E Management Team 22.0 503 3 17 72,125 2.7
Small-Mid Cap Equity
iShares Russell 2000 (IWM) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 2,021 18 3 1,523 2.2
SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF (MDY) A,B,C,D,E Management Team 19.7 400 14 7 4,788 2.4
International Equity
Deutsche X-trackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Eq (DBEF) A,B,C,D,E Vishal Bhatia 3.6 914 10 13 36,915 1.6
iShares MSCI EAFE Small-Cap (SCZ) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 1,509 17 3 1,753 1.4
Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) A,B,C,D,E Christine D. Franquin 1.9 1,414 13 12 31,338 1.5
Emerging Market Equity
SPDR S&P Emerging Markets Small Cap ETF (EWX)
A,B,C,D,E John A. Tucker 6.6 812 23 4 832 1.2
Vanguard FTSE Emerging Markets ETF (VWO) A,B,C,D,E Michael Perre 6.3 979 9 15 18,852 1.6
Commodities
United States Commodity ETF (USCI) A,B,C,D,E John T. Hyland 4.4 36 34
Fixed Income Models Portfolio ManagerManager
Tenure#
HoldingsTurnover
% % Top 10Average Duration
Avg Credit Quality
Investment Grade Municipal Bonds
SPDR Nuveen Barclays ST Muni Bd ETF (SHM) A,B,C,D Timothy T. Ryan 7.2 554 17 11 3.0 AA
SPDR Nuveen Barclays Municipal Bond ETF (TFI) A,B,C,D Timothy T. Ryan 7.3 506 28 12 7.7 AA
High Yield Municipal Bonds
Market Vectors High-Yield Municipal ETF (HYD) A,B,C James T. Colby III 5.9 793 21 9 10.5 BB
Qualitative data provided by Morningstar as of 4th Quarter 2014.Fund selections may change at any time subject to SightLine's discretion.Model Abbreviations: A-Conservative:B-Balanced:C-Moderate Growth:D-Growth:E-Aggressive Growth
$50,000 Minimum Portfolio
Managed by SightLine Investments / Wealthcare Capital Management
Appendix -Global Based Real Assets Strategy
Investment Selections as of 4th Quarter 2014
14
Tax Deferred / Tax Exempt Accounts
Equity Models Portfolio ManagerManager
Tenure#
HoldingsTurnover
% % Top 10Wgt Avg Mkt Cap Price to Book
Real Estate
Vanguard REIT ETF (VNQ) A,B,C,D,E Gerard C. O'Reilly 18.7 145 11 38 9,411 2.4
Large Cap Equity
SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY) A,B,C,D,E Management Team 22.0 503 3 17 72,125 2.7
Small-Mid Cap Equity
iShares Russell 2000 (IWM) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 2,021 18 3 1,523 2.2
SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF (MDY) A,B,C,D,E Management Team 19.7 400 14 7 4,788 2.4
International Equity
Deutsche X-trackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Eq (DBEF) A,B,C,D,E Vishal Bhatia 3.6 914 10 13 36,915 1.6
iShares MSCI EAFE Small-Cap (SCZ) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 1,509 17 3 1,753 1.4
Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) A,B,C,D,E Christine D. Franquin 1.9 1,414 13 12 31,338 1.5
Emerging Market Equity
SPDR S&P Emerging Markets Small Cap ETF (EWX)
A,B,C,D,E John A. Tucker 6.6 812 23 4 832 1.2
Vanguard FTSE Emerging Markets ETF (VWO) A,B,C,D,E Michael Perre 6.3 979 9 15 18,852 1.6
Commodities
United States Commodity ETF (USCI) A,B,C,D,E John T. Hyland 4.4 36 34
Fixed Income Models Portfolio ManagerManager
Tenure#
HoldingsTurnover
% % Top 10Average Duration
Avg Credit Quality
Investment Grade Bonds
iShares Core US Aggregate Bond (AGG) A,B,C,D Scott Radell 4.5 3,335 180 13 5.3 A
iShares 7-10 Year Treasury Bond (IEF) A,B,C,D Scott Radell 4.5 19 116 98 7.6 AA
Vanguard Intermediate-Term Corp Bd ETF (VCIT) A,B,C,D Joshua C. Barrickman 5.1 1,522 65 4 6.5 BBB
High Income Bonds
PowerShares Senior Loan ETF (BKLN) A,B,C Scott Baskind 3.8 208 14 B
Qualitative data provided by Morningstar as of 4th Quarter 2014.Fund selections may change at any time subject to SightLine's discretion.Model Abbreviations: A-Conservative:B-Balanced:C-Moderate Growth:D-Growth:E-Aggressive Growth
$50,000 Minimum Portfolio
Managed by SightLine Investments / Wealthcare Capital Management
Appendix -Global Based Real Assets Strategy
Investment Selections as of 4th Quarter 2014
15
SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
Value outperformed growth
as rationality returns.
Dot. Com Bubble—Value
underperformed by 20%.
Did you buy tech here?`
On average, value outperformed growth
by 1.5% over this period.
The chart above shows the long-term performance of value vs growth as represented by the Russelll 3000 Value Index and the Russell 3000 Growth Index.
The value effect is based on the seminal research by Eugene Fama and Kenneth French1. Over the time period from 1926 to 2002, this value premium has
averaged approximately 5.1% annually2. In the PPS ETF Value product, portfolio are constructed in domestic equities and international large-cap equities to
include equal allocations to a core ETF and a value ETF. Due to this equal weighting of value and core, the potential outperformance from the value
premium as well as deviation away from a core benchmark will be reduced. In the PPS portfolio there is no value tilt for International Small-Cap nor
Emerging Markets currently.
1. "The Cross-Section of Expected Stock Returns," (with Kenneth R. French), Journal of Finance, 47 (June 1992), 427-465.
2. Lecture note "The cross-section of expected returns", Investments Course Fall 2003, Ken French
The PPS ETF-based program offers two style implementations of its asset allocation models – Core and
Value. The Core implementation invests in broad equity market strategies and indices. The Value
implementation is tilted toward value stocks - those characterized as cheap on ratios such as price-earnings
and price-book value.
Research1 has shown that value stocks have tended to outperform the broad market and growth stocks over
long periods of time. However, value stocks can go through periods of significant underperformance. Either
a Core or Value strategy, implemented with discipline, can help investors effectively reach their goals. The
key is maintaining discipline over time.
Investors who can tolerate periods of underperformance of a value-tilted strategy and resist the temptation to
sell value during these periods of underperformance, may benefit from utilizing a value-tilted strategy over
the long-term. Your advisor can help you determine which approach is more suitable for you.
Appendix
Core or Value Focus – An Investor Choice
Historical Performance of Value vs Growth
36 Month Rolling Annualized Returns of
Russell 3000 Value – Russell 3000 Growth
January 1979-December 2014
Value underperforms
In financial crises.
16
Taxable Accounts
Equity Models Portfolio ManagerManager
Tenure#
HoldingsTurnover
% % Top 10Wgt Avg Mkt Cap Price to Book
Real Estate
Vanguard REIT ETF (VNQ) A,B,C,D,E Gerard C. O'Reilly 18.7 145 11 38 9,411 2.4
Large Cap Equity
iShares Russell 1000 Value (IWD) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 707 12 24 53,408 1.8
Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) A,B,C,D,E Michael H. Buek 23.0 511 3 18 73,127 2.7
Small-Mid Cap Equity
iShares S&P Mid-Cap 400 Value (IJJ) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 306 34 9 3,916 1.8
iShares Russell 2000 (IWM) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 2,021 18 3 1,523 2.2
iShares Russell 2000 Value (IWN) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 1,383 30 4 1,365 1.5
SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF (MDY) A,B,C,D,E Management Team 19.7 400 14 7 4,788 2.4
International Equity
Deutsche X-trackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Eq (DBEF) A,B,C,D,E Vishal Bhatia 3.6 914 10 13 36,915 1.6
iShares MSCI EAFE Value (EFV) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 504 29 18 36,509 1.2
iShares MSCI EAFE Small-Cap (SCZ) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 1,509 17 3 1,753 1.4
Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) A,B,C,D,E Christine D. Franquin 1.9 1,414 13 12 31,338 1.5
Emerging Market Equity
Vanguard FTSE Emerging Markets ETF (VWO) A,B,C,D,E Michael Perre 6.3 979 9 15 18,852 1.6
Commodities
United States Commodity ETF (USCI) A,B,C,D,E John T. Hyland 4.4 36 34
Fixed Income Models Portfolio ManagerManager
Tenure#
HoldingsTurnover
% % Top 10Average Duration
Avg Credit Quality
Investment Grade Municipal Bonds
SPDR Nuveen Barclays ST Muni Bd ETF (SHM) A,B,C,D Timothy T. Ryan 7.2 554 17 11 3.0 AA
SPDR Nuveen Barclays Municipal Bond ETF (TFI) A,B,C,D Timothy T. Ryan 7.3 506 28 12 7.7 AA
High Yield Municipal Bonds
Market Vectors High-Yield Municipal ETF (HYD) A,B,C James T. Colby III 5.9 793 21 9 10.5 BB
Qualitative data provided by Morningstar as of 4th Quarter 2014.Fund selections may change at any time subject to SightLine's discretion.Model Abbreviations: A-Conservative:B-Balanced:C-Moderate Growth:D-Growth:E-Aggressive Growth
$50,000 Minimum Portfolio
Managed by SightLine Investments / Wealthcare Capital Management
Appendix -Global Based Real Assets with Value-Tilted Strategy
Investment Selections as of 4th Quarter 2014
17
Tax Deferred / Tax Exempt Accounts
Equity Models Portfolio ManagerManager
Tenure#
HoldingsTurnover
% % Top 10Wgt Avg Mkt Cap Price to Book
Real Estate
Vanguard REIT ETF (VNQ) A,B,C,D,E Gerard C. O'Reilly 18.7 145 11 38 9,411 2.4
Large Cap Equity
iShares Russell 1000 Value (IWD) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 707 12 24 53,408 1.8
Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) A,B,C,D,E Michael H. Buek 23.0 511 3 18 73,127 2.7
Small-Mid Cap Equity
iShares S&P Mid-Cap 400 Value (IJJ) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 306 34 9 3,916 1.8
iShares Russell 2000 (IWM) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 2,021 18 3 1,523 2.2
iShares Russell 2000 Value (IWN) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 1,383 30 4 1,365 1.5
SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF (MDY) A,B,C,D,E Management Team 19.7 400 14 7 4,788 2.4
International Equity
Deutsche X-trackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Eq (DBEF) A,B,C,D,E Vishal Bhatia 3.6 914 10 13 36,915 1.6
iShares MSCI EAFE Value (EFV) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 504 29 18 36,509 1.2
iShares MSCI EAFE Small-Cap (SCZ) A,B,C,D,E Diane Hsiung 7.0 1,509 17 3 1,753 1.4
Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF (VEA) A,B,C,D,E Christine D. Franquin 1.9 1,414 13 12 31,338 1.5
Emerging Market Equity
Vanguard FTSE Emerging Markets ETF (VWO) A,B,C,D,E Michael Perre 6.3 979 9 15 18,852 1.6
Commodities
United States Commodity ETF (USCI) A,B,C,D,E John T. Hyland 4.4 36 34
Fixed Income Models Portfolio ManagerManager
Tenure#
HoldingsTurnover
% % Top 10Average Duration
Avg Credit Quality
Investment Grade Bonds
iShares Core US Aggregate Bond (AGG) A,B,C,D Scott Radell 4.5 3,335 180 13 5.3 A
iShares 7-10 Year Treasury Bond (IEF) A,B,C,D Scott Radell 4.5 19 116 98 7.6 AA
Vanguard Intermediate-Term Corp Bd ETF (VCIT) A,B,C,D Joshua C. Barrickman 5.1 1,522 65 4 6.5 BBB
High Income Bonds
PowerShares Senior Loan ETF (BKLN) A,B,C Scott Baskind 3.8 208 14 B
Qualitative data provided by Morningstar as of 4th Quarter 2014.Fund selections may change at any time subject to SightLine's discretion.Model Abbreviations: A-Conservative:B-Balanced:C-Moderate Growth:D-Growth:E-Aggressive Growth
$50,000 Minimum Portfolio
Managed by SightLine Investments / Wealthcare Capital Management
Appendix -Global Based Real Assets with Value-Tilted Strategy
Investment Selections as of 4th Quarter 2014
18
Ticker for Each SolutionAny Exchange Traded Products
Core Plus All Grade : $50,000 Minimum
Core Plus All Grade:Holds all grades of stocks and bonds. This includes high grade stocks which are globally developed market equities, and investment grade fixed income, along with speculative grades of stocks and bonds. The speculative grade consists of emerging markets and high yield fixed income. In addition, this model holds Real Assets which are commodities and REITs.
Custodian Taxable Accounts AllocationTax Deferred / Tax Exempt Accounts
Any SLICAT A : Conservative : 30E / 70F SLICAD
Any SLICBT B : Balanced : 50E / 50F SLICBD
Any SLICCT C : Moderate Growth : 65E / 35F SLICCD
Any SLICDT D : Growth : 80E / 20F SLICDD
Any SLICET E : Aggressive Growth : 100E SLICED
Core Plus All Grade :Value Equity Style : $50,000 Minimum
Core Plus All Grade:Holds all grades of stocks and bonds. This includes high grade stocks which are globally developed market equities, and investment grade fixed income, along with speculative grades of stocks and bonds. The speculative grade consists of emerging markets and high yield fixed income. In addition, this model holds Real Assets which are commodities and REITs.
Custodian Taxable Accounts AllocationTax Deferred / Tax Exempt Accounts
Any SLIVAT A : Conservative : 30E / 70F SLIVAD
Any SLIVBT B : Balanced : 50E / 50F SLIVBD
Any SLIVCT C : Moderate Growth : 65E / 35F SLIVCD
Any SLIVDT D : Growth : 80E / 20F SLIVDD
Any SLIVET E : Aggressive Growth : 100E SLIVED
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SightLine Investments, a Division of Wealthcare Capital Management
All investments carry a degree of risk of loss of principal and there is no assurance that an investment
will provide positive performance over any period of time.
Investors should consider the investment objectives, risk, charges and expenses of an investment
carefully before investing. A rise/fall in the interest rates can have a significant impact on bond prices
and the NAV (net asset value) of a fund. Funds that invest in bonds can lose their value as interest
rates rise and an investor can lose principal. High yield bonds (lower rated or junk bonds) experience
higher volatility and increased credit risk when compared to other fixed income investments.
This document is not a solicitation. Before investing in any specific product, the prospectus, if
available, should be reviewed carefully. The information herein is received from third parties which are
believed to be accurate, but no representation is made that the information provided is accurate and
complete. The charts and tables presented herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be
considered as the sole basis for your investment decision.
Historical index performance is provided exclusively for comparison purposes, and investors cannot
invest directly in an index.
The balanced portfolio shown in the Diversification slide represents a blended 50% equity and 50%
fixed income benchmark. The equity component consists of 7% REITs, 16% EAFE, 6% Emerging
Markets, 14% S&P500, 7% Russell 2500. For the fixed income sleeve, the allocation is 2% Cash, 8%
High Yield, 26% LB Aggregate, and 14% Tips.
Small-Mid Cap stocks may be subject to a higher degree of risk than more established companies’
securities. The liquidity of the small-cap market may adversely affect the value of these investments so
that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.
International stocks may be subject to a higher degree of risk than stocks of established domestic
companies because of currency fluctuations, political instability and other uncertainties. Shares when
redeemed may be worth more or less than their original cost.
Please note that programs providing tax aware investment management should not replace your
consultation with a professional advisor regarding your tax situation. Municipal bond income may be
subject to state income tax if issued by a state other than your domicile state, and may be subject to
the Alternative Minimum Tax. This information should not be construed as specific tax or investment
advice. A prospective client should review their investment objectives, risk tolerance, tax situation and
liquidity needs before choosing an investment.
.
Disclosures
©Copyright 2015. SightLine Investments
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