PREVIEWPREVIEW

Draw your interpretation of what a Greek soldier would have looked like. Keep in mind, we are not grading your artistic ability, but you do need to do your best. Include a thought bubble detailing what your soldier might be thinking as he marches into battle.

TROJAN WARTROJAN WAR

Epic conflict between the Greek and the Trojans (presumably over Helen of Troy)

Recorded in the Iliad as a mixture of history and mythology

Allegedly the Greeks win using an ingenious ploy known as the Trojan Horse

GREEK HOPLITEGREEK HOPLITE

HELMIT

BREASTPLATE

GREVES

SHIELD

CREATION OF THE PHALANXCREATION OF THE PHALANX

As the middle class emerged, more soldiers were able to participate fully armored.

Greek hoplites marched in tight formations in which they interlocked their shields for protection.

PERSIAN WARS500 – 479 BC

Athens aided Greek cities who Athens aided Greek cities who revolted against the Persians… revolted against the Persians…

thus they wanted revenge.thus they wanted revenge.

MAJOR BATTLES OF THE MAJOR BATTLES OF THE PERSIAN WARSPERSIAN WARS

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G

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P

BATTLE OF MARATHONBATTLE OF MARATHON

490 B.C. Phidippides

Athenians defeat a huge Persian army.

BATTLE OF THERMOPYLAEBATTLE OF THERMOPYLAE

King Xerxes led huge army into Greece in 480 B.C.

Persians annihilate a group of 300

Spartans

King King Leonidas Leonidas & his 300& his 300

300 Spartans are able to hold off the entire Persian army for 3 days. Ultimately, a Greek traitor will

enable the Persian Immortals to bypass

the pass at Thermopylae and kill all

of the Spartans.

The heroism demonstrated by the

Spartans provided enough time for the other Greek poleis to

settle their differences and prepare for war.

BATTLE OF SALAMISBATTLE OF SALAMIS

Athenian Navy Wins 480 B.C.

Greeks used ships known as biremes.◦ Could use wind to sail

long distances◦ Mainly relied on

oarsmen to propel the ships during battle

◦ Armed with a large battering ram to punch holes in enemy ships in hopes of sinking them.

BATTLE OF PLATAEABATTLE OF PLATAEA

479 B.C.FINAL BATTLE OF THE

PERSIAN WARS

Large Greek force routs the remaining Persian army◦ Herodotus called it the

largest Spartan army ever assembled 10,000 Spartan hoplites 35,000 helots

◦ 20 other poleis sent troops as well including Athens and Corinth

AFTERMATH OF THE WARAFTERMATH OF THE WAR

DELIAN LEAGUE PELOPONNESIAN LEAGUE

Alliance of cities who were critical towards Athens and/or democracy

Led by Sparta

Democratic cities led by Athens

Formed for mutual protection

Athens used the money to finance its navy and much of its public works projects

THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR431 – 404 B.C.

PELOPONNESIAN WARPELOPONNESIAN WAR

Sparta invaded Attica in 431 B.C. to burn the local food supply – forced all the people of Attica to cram inside the city walls

A plague hit Athens in 430 B.C. killing 1/3 of the city’s population

Eventually Sparta allied with the Persians to build a navy

405 B.C. Sparta began a blockade of Athens that eventually ended the war

PEOPLE OF THE WARPEOPLE OF THE WAR

Alcibiades Lysander

PUNISHMENT FOR ATHENSPUNISHMENT FOR ATHENS