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PREVENT & PROTECT Elementary School Curriculum

UNIT GUIDE FOR TEACHERS

PREVENT & PROTECT

MOSQUITOES - ELEMENTARY LESSON PLAN

InstructionalPlan Instructor:

Course:

Unit:

Competency:

S.C.4.L.16.2-Explainthatalthoughcharacteristicsofplantsandanimalsareinherited,somecharacteristicscanbeaffectedbytheenvironment.

S.C.4.L.16.3-Recognizethatanimalbehaviorsmaybeshapedbyheredityandlearning.

LessonTitle:MosquitoBiologyandImportance

EstimatedTime:50minutes

Objectives

Bytheendofthelecture,studentswillbeableto:

1) Listthecharacteristicsofinsects.2) Constructthelifecycleofcontainermosquitoes.3) Comparetwodifferenttypesofinsectlifecycles.4) IdentifythemosquitoesresponsibleforZikavirustransmission.

Equipment,Supplies,References,andOtherResources:

Candy(variety)(Snickers,M&M’s,Skittles,lollipops,Smarties,Twix,gummyworms)

Pretzels

Nuts(variety)

Beadsandotheralternativeitemsforstudentswithallergies

ElementaryPowerPointPresentation

Napkins

Paperplates

Papertowels

Soap/waterand/orhandsanitizer

Whiteboard

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Projector

Mosquitolifecycleworksheet:Printoutablanklifecycleandmaketwocopiesofit.StudentscantakenotesandsketchoutthelifecycleonthefirstwhilelisteningtothePowerPointpresentationinclass.AfterthePowerPointslidepresentation,studentswillusetheseworksheetstohelpguidethemwhilecreatingtheircandylifecycleusingthematerialslistedabove.

Situation:

4thand5thgradescience/biology

25students

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MOSQUITOES - ELEMENTARY LESSON PLAN StudentPreparation(includingoverview,link,andinterestapproach)

Overview:

• StudentsareexpectedtocompleteguidednoteswhilegoingthroughthePowerPoint.• AfterthePowerPointlectureiscompleted,studentswilldesignthelifecycleofamosquitousing

assortedcandy/snacks.• Oncethestudentshavecompletedthelifecycle,givethemprinterpapertodrawamapoftheirhouse

tolocatewherecontainermosquitoscanbefound.Havestudentswrite3-5sentencesonwhattheycandotohelpeliminatethemosquitoesaroundtheirhomeandhowthiscanpreventZikavirustransmission.Thiscanbegivenafterthelifecycleassignmentorashomework.

InterestApproach:(3-5min.)

Projectslide1ofthePowerPointPresentation.

Tellthestudentstowritedownthethingstheyobserve.

Callonthreestudentstosharewhattheyhaveobserved.

Oncestudentshavehadtimetowritedownobservations,clicktothenextslidetorevealthefullmosquitopicture.

Asktwostudentsiftheyhaveseenamosquitobefore,andifso,where.

Askstudentsiftheyknowwhythemosquitoissoimportant.

Motivation:Hothumidclimatesareidealformanyinsectsandcreepycrawlycritters.Someoftheseorganismsaregoodfortheenvironment.However,somecanbeharmfulnotonlytotheenvironment,buttohumansas

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well.Today,wewilltakeafurtherlookattheorganismsresponsibleforspreadingavirusknownasZika.

Thereisasetofguidednotesthatyouwillfilloutaswegothroughintoday’sclass.Theguidednotesarefillintheblankandalsohaveafewmultiple-choicequestions.Thereisalsoalifecycleworksheetthatyouwillneedtofilloutoncewegettothedesignatedslide.Itdoesnothavetobeaworkofart;stickfigures/circlesthatarerecognizablearefine!

Wewilldiscusswheretheseorganismslive,aswellastheirfeedinghabits,andwhatwecandotohelpstopthespreadofZikavirus.

Aftergoingthroughtheslides,youwillallberesponsiblefordesigningthelifecycleoftheorganismthatcausesZikavirus.

TeacherDirections/Methods ContentOutline/KeyPoints

Slide2:

Introducetopic.

• “Todaywearegoingtobetalkingaboutmosquitoesandwhytheyaresoimportant.”

Slide3:

Question-Answer-Discussion(QAD)

Objective1

• Asktwostudentstonameanyinsectstheyhaveseenwithsixlegs.• “Arespidersinsects?”• Allinsectshavesixlegs.• Arachnids(spiders)haveeightandbelongtoadifferentgroup.

Slide4:

QAD

Objective1

• Breakdowntheword“exoskeleton”• Askstudents,“Whatdoyouthinkexoskeletonsareusedfor?”• Humanskeletonsareontheinsideofourbody(clicktohidehuman

skeletonpictureandrevealcicadapicture).• Oncethepictureofthecicadaisrevealed,ask,“Doesanyoneknow

whatisbeingshowninthispicture?”• Insectshavetheirskeletonsontheoutsideoftheirbody.When

insectswanttogrowortransform,theyshedtheiroldexoskeletonandmakeanewone.

• Pictureofthecicadashowsthenewlyemergedcicadastandingonitsoldexoskeleton.

• Exoskeletonsareusedtoprovideasourceofprotection.• Exoskeletonisformedfromamaterialknownaschitin./ˈkītn/• Chitinisahardmaterial(polysaccharide)thatservesaprotectiverole

totheinsectandpreventsthemfromdessicating(dryingout).

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MOSQUITOES - ELEMENTARY LESSON PLAN TeacherDirections/Methods ContentOutline/KeyPoints

Slide5-6:

QAD

Objective1

• “Howmanybodypartsdoesaninsecthave?”• Insectshavethreemajorbodyparts.

o Head§ Thisiswheretheeyes,mouth,andantennaeofthe

insectarelocated.o Thorax

§ Thisiswheretheappendages(legsandwingsiftheyhavethem)oftheinsectarelocated.

o Abdomen§ Theabdomenoftheinsectiswheremostoftheir

gut/digestivetractislocated.

Slide7:

QAD

• “Haveanyofyouseenaninsectwithmorethantwowings?”• Mosquitoeshavetwowingsthatareusedformoving(flying).• Someinsectshavemorethantwowings.Examplesarebutterflies

andmoths,wasps,bees,andgrasshoppers.

Slide8: • Mosquitoeshaveamouthpartthatissimilartoaneedle.Thisneedle-likemouthpartiscalledaproboscis.\prə-ˈbä-skəs\

Slide9:

• Mosquitoescanliveinavarietyofhabitats,buttheyneedwatertocompletetheirlifecycle.

• Thisisbecausetheimmaturemosquitoeshavetodevelopinthewater.

• Mosquitoescanbefoundinswamps,lakes,containers,ordrainageditchesonthesideoftheroad.

Slide10:

QAD

• “Whydoyouthinkonlythefemalemosquitoesneedtofeedonblood?”

• Onlyfemalemosquitoesfeedonblood.• Femalemosquitoesfeedonbloodbecausetheyneedthenutrients

fromthebloodtodeveloptheireggs.• Bothmaleandfemalemosquitoesneedtofeedonsugarsources.

Slide11:

QAD

• “Wherecanmosquitoesgetsugaroutintheenvironment?”• Mosquitoescangetsugarresourcesfromflowers.

Slide12:

Thisisanimportanttake-homemessageforthestudents.

• Immaturemosquitoesfeed,live,anddevelopinthewater.

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Slide13:

QAD

• “Nowwewillbegingoingthroughtwoofthemajorinsectlifecycles.”• “Doestheimmatureinsectalwayslookliketheadultinsect?”• Wearediscussingtwodifferenttypesoflifecyclesforinsects.• Eachlifecyclediffersfromoneanother.

Slide14:

QAD

Objective3

• “Thisisahemimetabolous\he-mi-mə-ˈta-bə-ləs\orincompletelifecycle.”

• “Whatkindofinsectcanyouthinkofthathasanincompletelifecycle?”

o Examplescanincludeinsectslikecockroaches,grasshoppers,bedbugs,andstickinsects.

• Thehemimetabolouslifecycleisalsocalledtheincompletelifecycle.• Prefixhemi-meanshalf,whichisincomplete.• Therearethreemajorpartstotheincompletelifecycle:egg,nymph,

andadult.• Thenymphalstageinthislifecyclemaylooksimilartotheadult.

Slide15:

QAD

Objective3

• “Thisistheholometabolous\hō-lō-mə-ˈta-bə-ləs\orcompletelifecycleofamosquito.”

• “Whatkindofinsectcanyouthinkofthathasacompletelifecycle?”Theholometabolouslifecycleisalsocalledthecompletelifecycle.

o Examplescanincludeinsectslikebutterflies,mosquitoes,beetles,beesandwasps,andflies.

• Thislifecycleisalsowhatwewouldcallcompletemetamorphosis.• Prefixholo-meanswholeorcomplete.• Therearefourmajorpartstothecompletelifecycle:egg,larva\ˈlär-

və\,pupa\ˈpyü-pə\,andadult.• Thegoalofthelarvaeistoeatandgrow.• Thepupalstageisthetransformation/metamorphosisstage.

Slide16:

TeacherLedDiscussion(describewhathappensduringlifecyclestages.)

• Mosquitoeshavethesametypeoflifecycleasabutterfly.• Eggsarelaidonornearthewater.• Theyhatchintolarvae.Thisissimilartothecaterpillarforbutterflies.• Larvaedevelopintopupae.Thisislikethechryssalisforabutterfly.• Pupaedevelopintoadultmosquitoes.

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Slide17-18:

Objective3

• Reviewofmajorcharacteristicsofeachlifecycle.• Hemimetabolous=incomplete

o 3stagesàegg,nymph,adult• Holometabolous=complete

o 4stagesàegg,larvae,pupae,adult

Slide19: • Mosquitoeslaytheireggsonornearthewater.• ThisisbecausetheimmaturemosquitoesMUSTdevelopinthe

water.• Eggscanbelaidinaraft(pictured)thatcanhave150ormoreeggs.• Eggscanalsobelaidoneatatime.

Slide20:

QAD

• “Whatdoyouthinkmosquitolarvaeeat?”o Mosquitoeseatorganicmatterinthewater.

• “Whatisonewaythatahumancanbreathewhileunderwater?Siphonsaresimilartoasnorkel.”

• Mosquitoeggshatchintolarvae.• Thegoalofthelarvaeistoeatandgrow.• “Mosquitolarvaeliveinwater.Thisincludespondsandlakes,even

waterthatleftsittingoutsideinawheelbarrow.”• Thisisthemajorgrowingstage.• Theybreatheusingasiphonwhichislikeasnorkel.• Thesiphonisnotnearthelarvae’sface!Itisontheoppositeendof

thelarvae.• Thelarvalstagecantakeaslittleasfourdays,butthismaybeslower

ifthereisnotenoughfood,ifthetemperatureistoolow,oriftherearetoomanycompetinglarvaeinthecontainer.

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Slide21:

TeacherLedDiscussion(describewhathappensduringlifecyclestages.)

• “Mosquitopupaeliveinthewaterandbreatheusingwhatiscalledatrumpet.”

• “Thisisthetransformationstagewheretheadultmosquitoisbeingformed.”

• Thepupalstageisthetransformationstage.Thisislikethecocoonofabutterfly.

• Pupaebreatheusingsomethingcalledatrumpet.Similartoasiphon,itallowsthepupaetobreathewhileunderwater.

• Trumpetislocatedonthe“head”ofthepupae.• PupaeliveINthewater.• Insideofthepupaepicture,youcanseesomeofthepartsofthe

mosquitodeveloping.Darkspotontheheadiswhatwillbetheadultmosquito’seye.

• Thepupalstageusuallylastsabout1-2daysbeforetheadultmosquitoemerges.

Slide22:

QAD

• “Thisisthefinalstageofthemosquitolifecycle.”• “Maturemosquitosuseaproboscistofeed.”• “Adultmosquitoesliveandflyonland.”• “Doesanyonerememberwhichmosquitofeedsonbloodandwhy?”• Thisistheadultmosquitoanditisthefinalstageinthemosquitolife

cycle.• Proboscisisusedtofeedeitheronsugar(bothmaleandfemale)or

onblood(femalesonly).• Mosquitoescanliveanywherefromacoupleweekstoafewmonths.

Somemosquitoesoverwinterandtheycanlivesixmonthsormore.

Slide23:

QAD

• “Didyouknowthattherearemanydifferenttypesofmosquitoes?InFlorida,wehaveabout80differentspeciesofmosquitoes.Intheworld,thereareabout3,500species.”

• “Whydoyouthinkthesemosquitosarecalled‘containermosquitoes’?”

• “Thewaterthatthesemosquitosliveinincludeswaterinbirdbaths,wheelbarrows,andevenwaterersforlivestock.”

• Somespeciesofmosquitoescanbecalled“containermosquitoes.”• Theyarecalledcontainermosquitoesbecausetheylaytheireggsin

containersthatholdwater.• Thiscanincludeanythingthatholdsevenasmallamountofwater.• Examplesofwater-holdingcontainersarebirdbaths,flowerpots,

waterbowlsortroughsforanimals,andevennaturalcontainersliketreeholes.

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Slide24: • “ThesemosquitosLOVEtofeedonpeople.”• “Justlikeweallhaveafavoritefood,somemosquitoesdotoo.The

femalecontainermosquito’sfavoritefoodishumanblood.• Containermosquitoesfeedonhumanblood.

Slide25: • “Containermosquitoesfeedprimarilyduringthedaywhenpeoplearethemostactive.”

• Containermosquitoesarealsosearchingforahumantofeedonwhenwearethemostactive:duringtheday.

Slide26:

QAD

• “Ifweknowthatthesemosquitoesarelivingincontainersaroundourhomeandthattheyaretryingtofeedonus,whatdoyouthinkwecandotogetridofthemandpreventthemfrombitingus?”

• “Howdoyouthinkwecangetridofandkeepawaythesetypesofmosquitoes?”

• “Whatcontainersaroundyourhousecanyouthinkofthatmightbeholdingwater?”

• Togetridofcontainermosquitoes,weneedtogetridofthecontainerswheretheyliveoratleastdumpoutthewatertheyaredevelopinginonceaweek.

Slide27:

QAD

Objective4

• “Arethesemosquitoesharmful?”• “Arethesemosquitoesharmfultoonlyhumans?”• “Containermosquitoescanalsobeharmfultoourpetsandtransmit

parasitesthatcauseheartwormindogs.Parasitesareorganismsthatdependonotheranimalsfortheirsurvival.”

• Containermosquitoescantransmitdiseasetobothhumansandanimals.

• Someofthesearedengue\ˈdeŋ-gē\,Zika\ˈzē-kə-\,andchikungunya\ˌchi-kən-ˈgu̇n-yə\viruses.

• Thesearediseasesthataretransmittedbymosquitoes.Thesymptomsaresimilartothefluandincludethingslikeredeyes,headache,fever,rash,jointpain,andmusclepain.Whilethesesymptomsmaynotseemthatbad,thereareworsesymptomsthatcandevelopasaresultifindectionandcouldbefatal.

• Containermosquitoscanbeharmfultopetscausingheartwormdisease.

• Containermosquitoescanmakebothhumansandourpetssick.• Mosquitoescantransmit,orpass-along,theseviruseswhentheyare

feedingonourbloodsowehavetostopthemfromfeedingonus.

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Slide28:

Objective2

• “Nowthatwehavelearnedallthisinformationaboutmosquitoes,Iwantyoutodrawthemosquitolifecycleandlisttwofactsaboutmosquitoesunderthelifecycle.”

• Askstudentstorecreatethemosquitolifecycle.

Application:

TeacherLedDiscussion/askforquestions.

Providestudentswiththehomeworkassignment(alreadymade)

• “Whenyougohometonight,Ialsowantyoutolookaroundtheoutsideofyourhosetofindanycontainerswheremosquitoesmightbedeveloping.”

• “Drawamapofyourhousetoshowwherethesecontainerswere.Onceyouhavedonethis,youcanmakesurethatmosquitoesdon’tdeveloptherebydumpingoutthewateronceaweek.”

• Studentswilldrawamapoftheirhouse,andidentifyareasthatmosquitoscanlivein.Studentswillplacean“X”overtheareasidentified.

• StudentswillalsowritethreetofivesentencesexplainingwhattheycoulddoaroundtheirhometohelppreventthespreadofZikavirus.

Closure/Summary:

TeacherLedDiscussion

• Todaywelearnedlotsofinformationaboutthemosquito.Whilemosquitoesmaybesmall,theyhaveamajorimpactonhumanandanimalhealthandontheenvironment.

• WelearnedabouttheorganismresponsibleforZikavirustransmission,morespecificallythetypeofmosquitoresponsible.

• Wediscussedthetwodifferenttypesoflifecyclesforinsects.• Wealsorecreatedthelifecycleofamosquito.• Also,welearnedabouttheenvironmentsmosquitoeslivein,and

whatwecandotohelppreventtheZikavirus.Evaluation:

FormativeAssessment:

• Questionanddiscussion.• Constructionofmosquitolifecycle.

SummativeAssessment:

• Housemapthatidentifieswheremosquitoslive/canlive.

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1. Only mosquitoes drink blood.

2. Mosquitoes have legs.

3. Mosquitoes have 3 main body parts: , , and

.

4. Female mosquitoes lay their eggs in .

5. Container mosquitoes carry what virus? A. Flu B. Zika C. Measles

NAME DATE

4. Adult

2. Larvae

3. Pupae

1. Eggs

WORKSHEET

LIFE CYCLE OF A MOSQUITODraw each stage of the mosquito life cycle in the boxes below.

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGEAnswer the following questions using your knowledge on mosquitoes.

water’s surface

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1. Only mosquitoes drink blood.

2. Mosquitoes have legs.

3. Mosquitoes have 3 main body parts: , , and

.

4. Female mosquitoes lay their eggs in .

5. Container mosquitoes carry what virus?A. FluB. ZikaC. Measles

DATENAME

4.

2. 3.

1.

WORKSHEET

LIFE CYCLE OF A MOSQUITOLabel the diagram below with the stages of the mosquito life cycle.

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGEAnswer the following questions using your knowledge on mosquitoes.

water’s surface

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NAME DATE

• Draw your house and yardin the box below as it wouldlook from the sky.

• Add any containers* aroundyour home that are holdingwater (ex. buckets, wagons).Color them blue.

• Label each container.• Make a legend (key) for the

map (see example).

DIRECTIONS EXAMPLE

MY HOUSE

HOMEWORK

*REMINDER: Be careful when dumping out containers of water you f indoutside. You may star t le a snake or harmful insect!

Legend

Bird bath

Trash can

Wagon

Tree

House

House

Trees

Containers

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TheUF/IFASCenterforPublicIssuesEducationinAgricultureandNaturalResources(PIECenter)createdthismaterialaspartofaUnitedStates

DepartmentofAgriculturegrant.

SpecialthankstotheUniversityofFlorida’sDepartmentofEntomologyandNematologyandtheFloridaMedicalEntomologicalLaboratoryfor

theirassistanceinthedevelopmentoftheselessonplans.

PREVENTMOSQUITOES.ORG

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