1

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High

+Pressure

Fittings

Vessels

2

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure Fittings

Flansch / Hub

Klemme / Clamp

Verstärkungsrippe / Seal ring rib

Dichtlippe / Seal ring lip

Dichtring / Seal ring

Spannfläche / Clamping surface

*)

*) Begrenzte Pressung / Limited compression 000156 0006

Metallic Seal

Seal Principle:

Little plastic deflection due

compression at the seal

3

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure Fittings

15 °

1 2 3 4 5 6

1 Überwurfmutter 4 Rohr2 Druckring 5 Anschlag3 Schneidring 6 Verschraubung

15 °

fest verschraubt

lose verschraubt

000118 0005

fixednot fixed

Max. 640 bar

>10 000 bar

4

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure Flanges

PN 325 barDN 45( DN 6 - 200 )

PN 3600 barDN 40( DN 6 - 65 )

000126 0006

Seal Principle

Plastic deformation Between a conical and a crowned part

5

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure Valves

Also metallic seal!

Also plastic deformation for getting a absolutely smooth surface

Example

Steel with 500 N/mm2

Yield stress is able to seal 5000

bar

Which side is high pressure side?

6

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure ValveIf yield stress of steel is

not good enough!

Use hard inserts!

Safety Valves act im oposite direction

7

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure Vessels

If pulsating stress or chemical attack, autofrettage improves

)3/()1( 222,0 ⋅−= uupel σ

up plcompl ln)3/2(2,0., σ=

8

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure Vessels

Shape of the End Pieces

9

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure VesselsInfluence of

notch type and surface

Notsches decrease the fatige strength

10

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

Logistic Restrictions

11

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

Multiwall VesselsSchrunken two

wall vessel 4000 bar

Typical examples

Multi wall vessels

12

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

Strip wound pressure vesselFirst proposed

bei Schierenbeck,

BASF, Germany

First proposed by ASEA Sweden

13

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

Sealing of the End PiecesAll types self sealing

principles and made of metal

14

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

Corrosion Protection of the Inner SurfaceCompletely made from resistant materials: Small Vessels (Ni, Mo, Cr, V, Hastelloy,...)Cladding

Weld-overlay claddingSeams not as resitiant as untreatedmaterialDetection of corrosion in the earlystate not possibleDiffusion problemsDifferenc in heat extension

Rollbonding CladdingSimilar to above

Lining (loose)Leakage can be monitoredExpansion no problem

? 1800

1850

0

a

b

c

d

e

001300 0210

15

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

Hair Pin Vessels

High pressure in small tubes!

Keep pressure in small cavities !!!

16

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure Reactors

17

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

Instrumentation of High Pressure

Systems

Optical cells

Pressure

Flow

Temperature

18

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

Optical cells

Pressure limiting part is the window material

Sapphire, Calcium Fluiride, ...

3000 bar

2000 bar

19

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

High Pressure Flow Measurement

+

B

E

v

- +

1

2

33

1

dV

000597 0009

Magnetic Inductive FM, 400 bar

Turbine FM, 4000 bar

d

p1 p2p'1 p'2

D

p(x)

p'1

p1

p2

p'2

x

Δp v

000573 0009Orifice, 1000 bar

ab

Ll FM

3

1 2

ω

ω

s

ω

v 1 FM M 3FC

z

v

3FC

a a000600 0009Coriolis, 800 bar

20

PAT

INA 26.09.2012

Pressure MeasurementStrain Gauges on a tube and Manganin High Pressure Sensor

Manganin – Pressure Transmitter

Strain Gauge

application