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President Ronald Reagan. The Conservative Tide President Ronald Reagan’s election marks a rightward shift in domestic and foreign policy. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Cold War ends and the U.S. confronts a host of domestic problems. NEXT

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The Conservative Tide. President Ronald Reagan’s election marks a rightward shift in domestic and foreign policy. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Cold War ends and the U.S. confronts a host of domestic problems. President Ronald Reagan. NEXT. A Conservative Movement Emerges. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: President Ronald Reagan

President Ronald Reagan.

The Conservative Tide

President Ronald Reagan’s election marks a rightward shift in domestic and foreign policy. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Cold War ends and the U.S. confronts a host of domestic problems.

NEXT

Page 2: President Ronald Reagan

SECTION 1

SECTION 2

SECTION 3

SECTION 4

A Conservative Movement Emerges

Conservative Policies Under Reagan and Bush

Social Concerns in the 1980s

Foreign Policy After the Cold War

NEXT

The Conservative Tide

Page 3: President Ronald Reagan

Wup: Group Activity! Together as a group, appoint a leader, thinker(s) (all of you, I mean you; with your head down!) and a speaker and list as many 1980s things as you can think of…could be events, music, culture, sports, movies, styles, people etc…. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyhEajzu1jE

Page 4: President Ronald Reagan

Section 1

A Conservative Movement EmergesConservatism reaches a high point with the election in 1980 of President Ronald Reagan and Vice-President George Bush.

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Page 5: President Ronald Reagan

The Conservative Movement Builds

Conservative Issues• Entitlement programs provide guaranteed

benefits to specific groups• High cost of programs, stories of fraud upset

taxpayers• Many skeptic of civil rights rulings like busing over

long distances

A Conservative Movement Emerges1SECTION

NEXT

Continued . . .

The New Right• New Right—collection of grass-roots groups

promoting single issues• Affirmative action—special consideration for

women, minorities- many say it’s reverse discrimination, favoring one group over others

Page 6: President Ronald Reagan

The Conservative Coalition• Business, religious, other groups form

conservative coalition• Conservative periodicals, think tanks discuss,

develop policies• Goals are small government, family values,

patriotism, business

1SECTION

NEXT

continued The Conservative Movement Builds

The Moral Majority• 1970s religious revival uses TV, radio; strong

among fundamentalists• Jerry Falwell’s Moral Majority—Christians for

traditional moralsImage

Page 7: President Ronald Reagan

Conservatives Win Political Power

Reagan’s Qualifications• Ronald Reagan wins 1980 Republican nomination

- George H. W. Bush is running mate• Reagan served 2 terms as governor of California

1SECTION

NEXT

The 1980 Presidential Election• Reagan runs on conservative issues, weak

economy, Iran crisis• Called Great Communicator: can simplify issues,

give clear answers• Gets 51% popular vote, 44 states in electoral race,

Senate majority

Page 8: President Ronald Reagan

In your groups of 2 to 3…appoint a leader, speaker, writer and researchers (all of you hey you wake up!!) ….then together write down what your group considers the TOP 5 facts with fact #1 being the most important…5 being the least from this section….

Then play RR inauguration speech….each group watches then picks out at least 4 things Reagan hopes to accomplish says are problems…or that he stands for….also decide would your group vote for him? Why or why not? (great speaker/agree/disagree with his message/too old/too boring? Etc..) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hpPt7xGx4Xo

Page 9: President Ronald Reagan

Section 2

Conservative Policies Under Reagan and BushPresidents Reagan and Bush pursue a conservative agenda that includes tax cuts, budget cuts, and increased defense spending.

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Page 10: President Ronald Reagan

“Reaganomics” Takes Over

Reagan’s Economic Policies• Reagan encourages private investment by cutting

federal government• Reaganomics: budget cuts, tax cuts, increased

defense spending

Conservative Policies Under Reagan and Bush

2SECTION

NEXT

Budget Cuts• Maintains entitlement programs that benefit

middle class• Cuts programs that benefit poor, urban population

Continued . . .

Page 11: President Ronald Reagan

continued “Reaganomics” Takes Over

Tax Cuts• Supply-side economics holds that lower taxes

result in:- investment, greater productivity, more supply, lower prices

• Congress decreases taxes by 25% over 3 years

2SECTION

NEXT

Increased Defense Spending• Defense Dept. budget almost doubles; offsets

cuts in social programs• Reagan asks scientists for Strategic Defense

Initiative- anti-missile defense system

Continued . . .

Chart

Page 12: President Ronald Reagan

continued “Reaganomics” Takes Over

Recession and Recovery• July 1981–Nov. 1982, worst recession since Great

Depression• Early 1983 consumer spending fuels economic

upturn:- more consumer confidence, decrease in inflation, unemployment

• 1987, market crashes, then recovers, continues up

2SECTION

NEXT

The National Debt Climbs• Spending outstrips revenues; new 1982 taxes

do not balance budget• National debt almost doubles by end of

Reagan’s first term

Chart

Chart

Page 13: President Ronald Reagan

Judicial Power Shifts to the Right

Supreme Court Appointments• Reagan appoints Sandra Day O’Connor first

woman justice• Other Reagan, Bush appointments make Court

more conservative• Clarence Thomas confirmed after sexual

harassment hearings• Court places restrictions on civil rights, abortion

2SECTION

NEXT

Image

Page 14: President Ronald Reagan

Reducing the Size of Government• Reagan reduces government by deregulation—

less industry regulation - increases competition, results in lower prices

• Cuts budget of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)- fights pollution, conserves natural resources

• Interior Dept. permits more oil drilling, lumbering, coal mining- sells millions of acres of public lands

Deregulating the Economy

2SECTION

NEXT

Image

Page 15: President Ronald Reagan

The Reagan Coalition• Reagan forges large coalition of diverse groups

- businesspeople, Southerners, Westerners, Reagan Democrats

Conservative Victories in 1984 and 1988

2SECTION

NEXT

The 1984 Presidential Election• Democrat Walter Mondale chooses Geraldine

Ferraro as running mate- first woman on major party’s presidential ticket

• Reagan, Bush win by landslide

Continued . . .

Page 16: President Ronald Reagan

The 1988 Presidential Election• Most Americans economically comfortable

- attribute comfort to Reagan, Bush• Republican candidate George Bush stresses

conservatism- promises “no new taxes”

• Gets 53% popular vote, 426 electoral votes- electoral victory seen as conservative mandate

continued Conservative Victories in 1984 and 1988

2SECTION

NEXT

Image

Page 17: President Ronald Reagan

Review activity: 1. Reagan as President VLA with die roll detail lists….#2: SDI Vla with die roll details and should we spend billions on this today? #3 : Web Creation! Each student will Create a GIANT web of at least 10 big details that will definitely be asked from this section….

Page 18: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

Section 3

Social Concerns in the 1980sBeneath the surge of prosperity that marks the conservative era of the 1980s lay serious social problems.

Page 19: President Ronald Reagan

• Warm Up: In groups brainstorm 2 MAJOR problems or fears our society has today, could be a disease to fight, drug war issue, national security worries or Social Justice issues. What does our generation in 2010s have to strive to “overcome or fix”?

Page 20: President Ronald Reagan

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Health, Education, and Cities in Crisis

Health Issues• AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

caused by virus- destroys immune system, makes body prone to infections, cancer

• 1980s, epidemic grows; increasing concern over prevention, cure

Social Concerns in the 1980s3SECTION

Abortion• 1980s, battle over abortion intensifies

- opponents are pro-life; supporters are pro-choice• 1989, Supreme Court rules states may place

restrictions on abortion

Continued . . .

Page 21: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

continued Health, Education, and Cities in Crisis

Drug Abuse• Reagan administration prosecutes drug users, dealers• First Lady Nancy Reagan has “Just say no!” to drugs

campaign

3SECTION

Education• 1983 commission: U.S. students lag behind students

in other nations• Bush initiative calls for using public money for school

choice

The Urban Crisis• Cities deteriorate as whites move to suburbs;

businesses follow• 1992 riots in LA after officers taped beating Rodney

King acquitted

Page 22: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

3SECTION

Political Losses and Gains• ERA not ratified by 1982; Reagan names 2 women

to cabinet in 1983• 1992, increased number of women elected to

Congress

The Equal Rights Struggle

Inequality• Women earn less than men; 31% female heads of

household poor• Pay equity—pay reflects education, physical effort,

responsibility• Women seek pay equity, family benefits; some

employers comply• Reagan cuts budget for daycare, similar programs

Page 23: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

3SECTION

African Americans• By mid-1980s, many cities have African-American

mayors• Numerous communities elect blacks to local, state

office, Congress• L. Douglas Wilder of Virginia is first African-

American governor• Reverend Jesse Jackson runs for Democratic

presidential nomination• Middle-class blacks hold professional, managerial

positions• Supreme Court limits affirmative action

The Fight for Rights Continues

Continued . . .

Image

Page 24: President Ronald Reagan

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3SECTION

Gains for Latinos• Latinos fastest growing minority; some states

elect Latino governors• Reagan appoints Lauro Cavazos as secretary

of education• Bush names Dr. Antonia Coello Novello

surgeon general• From 1968 bilingual education available; mid-

1980s opposition rising

continued The Fight for Rights Continues

Native Americans Speak Out• Reagan cuts aid to Native Americans for health,

education, services• Many tribes open casinos to bring in additional

fundsContinued . . .

Page 25: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

3SECTION

An Expanding Asian-American Population• Asian Americans second-fastest growing minority• Cited as example of success; also have high

unemployment, poverty

continued The Fight for Rights Continues

The Gay Rights Movement Advances• Movement suffers setbacks from conservative

opposition, AIDS• Late 1980s new surge of activism, calls for end

to discrimination• Some states, communities outlaw discrimination

Chart

Page 26: President Ronald Reagan

Group Review: Appoint an illustrator and presenter and researcher and Create a 1980’s mini poster/visual representation representing 2 to 4 topics from this section. OR if your group is not artistically inclined: Create a Web review of 1980s concerns! Be ready to share.

Page 27: President Ronald Reagan

VLA reviews: AIDS with die roll details: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9MRZVuuyVE

Just say NO: Does this ad work? Do you think kids in the 1980s responded well to this? What type of ad would you design to keep kids away from drugs?

Page 28: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

Section 4

Foreign Policy After the Cold WarThe end of the Cold War, marked by the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, leads to a redirection of many U.S. goals and policies.

Page 29: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

The Cold War Ends

Gorbachev Initiates Reform• Mikhail Gorbachev—general secretary of Soviet

Communist Party• Soviet economy stressed; Reagan’s defense

spending adds pressure• Gorbachev adopts glasnost—allows criticism,

some freedom of press• Plans perestroika—some private enterprise,

move to democracy• Wants better relations with U.S. to cut U.S.S.R.

military spending- arms-control INF Treaty (Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty)

Foreign Policy After the Cold War4SECTION

Image

Continued . . .

Page 30: President Ronald Reagan

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4SECTION

The Soviet Union Declines• 1991, 14 republics declare independence;

Gorbachev forced to resign• Commonwealth of Independent States forms;

1993 START II signed

continued The Cold War Ends

Continued . . .

The Collapse of Communist Regimes• Gorbachev reduces Soviet control of Eastern

Europe, urges democracy• 1989, Berlin Wall torn down; 1990, 2 Germanys

reunited• Czechoslovakia, Baltic states, Hungary, Bulgaria,

Romania democratic• Ethnic civil war breaks out in Yugoslavia

Map

Page 31: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

4SECTION

Communism Continues in China• 1980s, China loosens business restrictions, stops

price controls• Students demand free speech, voice in government• 1989, demonstrations in Beijing’s Tiananmen

Square, other cities• Premier Li Peng orders military to crush protesters

- unarmed students killed

continued The Cold War Ends

Image

Page 32: President Ronald Reagan

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4SECTION

Nicaragua• Sandinistas—rebel group, takes over Nicaragua;

Carter sends them aid• Reagan calls them communists; helps Contras—

opposition forces• 1990, Contra supporter Violeta de Chamorro

elected president

Central American and Caribbean Policy

Grenada• 1983 Reagan sends troops; pro-Cuba government

replaced with pro-U.S.

Panama• Bush sends troops to arrest dictator Manuel Antonio

Noriega• Noriega convicted of drug trafficking in U.S.,

sentenced to 40 years

Interactive

Page 33: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

4SECTION

The Iran-Contra Scandal• 1983, terrorists loyal to Iran take Americans hostage

in Lebanon• Reagan says no negotiating with terrorists; sells

arms for hostages• Staff divert some profits to Contras; violate Boland

Amendment• 1987, Congressional committees hold joint TV

hearings• 1988, several staffers indicted; 1992, Bush pardons

Reagan officials

Middle East Trouble Spots

Continued . . .

Image

Page 34: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

4SECTION

continued Middle East Trouble Spots

The Persian Gulf War• Iran-Iraq War leaves Saddam Hussein with great

war debt- 1990, invades Kuwait to take its oil, threatens U.S. oil supply

• Bush, Secretary of State James Baker organize international coalition

• 1991, Operation Desert Storm liberates Kuwait from Iraq

• Victory parades greet returning soldiers• Under 400 coalition casualties; 100,000 Iraqi deaths

Continued . . .

Interactive

Page 35: President Ronald Reagan

NEXT

4SECTION

continued Middle East Trouble Spots

Bush’s Domestic Policies• Bush hurt by rising deficit, recession of 1990–

1992• Forced to raise taxes despite campaign promise• 1992, approval rating drops to 49%

Page 36: President Ronald Reagan

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