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Confined Space Rescue A Complicated Topic with Simple Solutions Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafe Inc.

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Page 1: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Confined Space RescueA Complicated Topic with Simple Solutionsp p pPresented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafe Inc.

Page 2: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Confined Space Entry TeamdPre‐Accident

Page 3: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Confined Space Entry TeamdPost‐Accident

Page 4: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

World’s Best f d fConfined Space Safety Program

Page 5: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

PRESENTATION OBJECTIVES• Learn why we hesitate to discuss the term ‘rescue’• Learn why rescuers become victims and challenges of 

being ready to rescue• Understand OSHA requirements for confined space 

rescue (CSR)• Understand the role and qualifications of the CSR Team• Review the options for CSR

• Municipal CSR support• In‐house CSR Team• Contract CSR TeamSi l l ti t CS f t• Simple solutions to CS safety

Page 6: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

“Rescue” the Taboo word at work…Rescue the Taboo word at work…

• Employers are hesitant to consider ‘their’Employers are hesitant to consider  their  spaces will require rescue provisions because:– Think it will inhibit their production schedule– Think it will inhibit their production schedule– Think it will disqualify their employees from performing work on those spacesperforming work on those spaces

– Think it will invite extra scrutiny from a regulatory agencyagency

– Think the cost of training and equipping a team will be profit prohibitivep p

Page 7: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Question: Are We Ready to Rescue?Answer: No, given the following statistic60%60% f fi d f t liti•• 60%60% of confined space fatalities occur among would be rescuers, according to:–NIOSH, Publication 86‐110, “Preventing Fatalities in Confined Spaces

–CCOHS, http://bit.ly/CCOHSconfinedspace– EUOSHA http://bit ly/EUOSHAconfinedspace– EUOSHA, http://bit.ly/EUOSHAconfinedspace

Page 8: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Why Do Rescuers Become Victims?Why Do Rescuers Become Victims?• Unaware or underestimate hazards and risks of 

dentry and rescue• Will to rescue exceeds sense of fear

– Ethical Altruism (Reference: The Synergist, February 2013, “The Sixty‐Percent Statistic”, Connie Muncy)

• Unwilling to wait for qualified CSR Team to arrive• Lack of pre‐planning and preparation for rescue

– Lack of adequate confined space rescue plans

Page 9: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Challenges to Being Prepared to Rescue• Resources to start/maintain in‐house CSR Team

– Sufficient CSR Team personnel (4‐6/shift)– Available time for CSR drills and training– Cost of rescue equipment and training

• Decreasing availability of municipal CSR support– Reduced funds for training and CSR equipment– Reduced manpower with budget cuts– Slower response time with consolidation of  stations/resources

• Increasing strain on internal resources & OH costs– Focus on shorter shutdowns/outages and reducing OH costs

Page 10: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

“Confined Space” means:• Large enough, and so configured, so that a person can bodily enter and perform work; andp y p ;

• Has limited or restricted means of entry or exit; andand

• Is not designed for continuous human occupancy.

What part of this definitionWhat part of this definitionWhat part of this definition What part of this definition impacts rescue considerations?impacts rescue considerations?

Page 11: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Permit Required Confined Spacesq p–Hazardous atmosphere

• Oxygen deficient or enriched• Oxygen deficient or enriched• Flammable/explosive• ToxicToxic

–Engulfment–Entrapment–Entrapment–Other serious safety or health hazards

Which parts of this definition impact rescue Which parts of this definition impact rescue considerations?considerations?

Page 12: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

What About Long Term Health dHazards?

• Organic DustOrganic Dust– Organic Dust Toxic SyndromeFarmer’s Lung– Farmer s Lung

– Grain FeverCh i B hiti– Chronic Bronchitis

– AsthmaSil fill Di– Silo‐fillers Disease

Page 13: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

OSHA Requirements1910.146(d)(9) and (k)

• Prior to performing entry into a PRCSPrior to performing entry into a PRCS, rescue personnel must be informed of the time of entry location of the confinedtime of entry, location of the confined space, and nature of the hazards present

Page 14: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

OSHA Requirements ‐ 29 CFR 1910.146(k)• The employer shall establish an emergency rescue team or utilize outside services and assure that 

brescue team members:– Be capable of reaching the victim within an appropriate time frame

– Be trained in use of PPE and rescue equipment– Practice confined space rescue at least yearlyB t i d i Fi t Aid d CPR– Be trained in First Aid and CPR

• The employer  shall evaluate a prospective rescuer's ability to respond to a rescue summons in a timelyability to respond to a rescue summons in a timely manner, considering the hazard(s) identified.

Page 15: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

CSRT QualificationWilli t l t ti t CSRT• Willing to volunteer time to serve on CSRT

• Physically capable of serving on CSRT:– No phobia of heights;– Not claustrophobic; – No existing medical/physical condition that would put you or other CSRT member at risk;

– No medical pushing/pulling/lifting restrictions;– Capable of donning/doffing harness and SCBA;

• FA/CPR qualified;• Flexible job to allow time to serve on CSRTFlexible job to allow time to serve on CSRT.

Page 16: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Confined Space Rescue TeamConfined Space Rescue Team• IDLH Entries:

2 CSRT l db d i CS– 2 CSRT personnel on standby during CS entry– ~2‐4 additional CSRT personnel on plant site

• Non‐IDLH Entries: – Minimum 4 CSRT personnel on plant site

• Utilize “Buddy System” and trained support personnel during response activitiesp g p

Page 17: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

CSR Team Options1. Municipal fire department with qualified CSRT

– 5‐7 minute response time?...what about if on another call?...have you performed an evaluation?

2. In‐house CSRT– Coverage for all shifts?...current training and FA/CPR 

qualification?...proper CSR equipment?...drills?

3. Contract CSRT– Onsite during PRCS entry?...proper training andOnsite during PRCS entry?...proper training and 

medical qualification?...have you performed evaluation?

Page 18: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Simple Solutionsp

• Locking out and tagging out all means of fillingLocking out and tagging out all means of filling and emptying the silo

• Use a body harness and lifeline• Use a body harness and lifeline• Check the bin atmosphere (O2, LEL, Toxicity)• Have good lighting• Use only qualified and trained personnely q p• Have your rescue team there (in the ready) to observe and assist in an emergencyobserve and assist in an emergency

Page 19: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Manned Entry RescueManned Entry Rescue

Page 20: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Mechanical RescueMechanical Rescue

Page 21: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

So, where do you go from here?So, where do you go from here?

The most important point of this p pmental check‐up of your confined 

di i hspace rescue readiness is that you can’t afford to wait until a confinedcan t afford to wait until a confined space emergency occurs to verify if 

you are ready to rescue.

Page 22: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

So it is time to decide…So it is time to decide…

• On‐Site or Off‐SiteOn Site or Off Site • If it is an On‐Site team:

– Only good and ‘qualified’ team membersOnly good and  qualified  team members– Train your team for YOUR expected entries– Equip your team for YOUR expected entriesEquip your team for YOUR expected entries– Drill your team on YOUR expected entries

• If it is an Off‐Site team:If it is an Off Site team:– Research for qualified teams – Interview those teamsInterview those teams– Evaluate those teams capabilities vs. your needs

Page 23: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Steps to being prepared for CSR1 R i “R d E S i ” OSHA 29 CFR 1910 146(k)1. Review “Rescue and Emergency Service”, OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146(k).

2. Evaluate the hazards and rescue requirements presented by each confined space regardless of whether it is a PRCS or NPRCSconfined space, regardless of whether it is a PRCS or NPRCS.

3. Select a CSR service option (offsite, onsite, contract) that is best suited for the nature and complexity of your confined space hazards and 

i d CSR t lrequired CSR protocols.

4. Check to ensure the CSR service selected can meet the Rescue Service Evaluation Criteria.

5. Unite operations, maintenance, and rescue objectives to ensure that all confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implementedidentified and implemented.

6. Examine your confined space entry activities on an annual basis for changes that may impact your ability to be Ready to Rescue!

Page 24: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

The Hard FactsThe Hard Facts

• (2005 – 2009) 481 fatalities(2005  2009) 481 fatalities• 96.2 per year

f li d• 1 fatality every 4 days• Physical hazards account for 61% of fatalities• Atmospheric hazards account for 33% of fatalities

• 60% of fatalities occur to would be rescuers

Page 25: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

Why We Work…Why We Work…

Page 26: Presented By: John Knopf, CSP – EnSafeInc. · confined spaces are not entered until provisions for rescue have been identified and implemented. 6. E xamine your confined space entry

QuestionsEnSafe Inc.

QuestionsEnSafe Inc.5724 Summer Trees DriveM hi TNMemphis, TN901‐372‐7962John Knopf, CSPjknopf@ensafe [email protected]