presentation verb tenses
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VERBS AND TENSES
(Aspects) By: Kristina Yegoryan
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VERBSVerb is a part of speech that shows:
ACTION STATE OF BEING (NON-ACTION) State of being –be
Feelings - love
Senses - see
Mental activity or state- recognize
Verb is also one of the heroes of a sentence- NO Sentence can exist
without a verb!
VERBS
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AUXILIARIES / HELPING VERBS
Are used with the main verb to:
• Express Time (form a verb tense) Ex. I have seen that movie!
• Form a Question ( All questions start with Aux or Modal verbs)
Ex. Do you agree with me?
• Form a Negative Ex. They were not listening.
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ENGLISH AUXILIARIES ARE:
• BE ( am, is, are/ was, were) - forms Progressive Tenses (statements, ?s and Negatives)
• DO (do, does, did) - is used with Simple Tenses (?s and Negative)
• HAVE ( have, has, had)- forms Perfect Tenses (statements, ?s and Negatives) • WILL (will , would) -forms Future Tenses (statements, ?s and Negatives)
REMEMBER: Auxiliaries have NO Meaning of their own!
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Verb tense is used to designate when an action takes place in time.
Verb tenses are formed with the help of Auxiliary (Helping Verbs).
There are four main categories of tense:
simple, progressive, perfect, and perfect
progressive which can have their present,
past, future, and past future form to express
different time relationships.
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VERBS TENSES4 X 4 = 16
PRESENT
PAST
FUTURE
PAST FUTURE
SIMPLE
PROGRESSIVE
PERFECT
PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
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SIMPLE Aux: DO (Only for ?
and Negative)PRESENT
PAST
FUTURE
PAST FUTURE
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PROGRESSIVE Aux: BE
o PRESENT
o PAST
o FUTURE
o PAST FUTURE
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PERFECTAux: HAVE
PRESENT
PAST
FUTURE
PAST FUTURE
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PERFECT PROGRESSIVE Aux: HAVE BEEN
• PRESENT
• PAST
• FUTURE
• PAST FUTURE
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TENSE OR ASPECT?THE NEW APPROACH
Starting 2011 new linguistic books claim that there
are only
2 tenses: present and past all the rest are called
Aspects.
The reason behind this new
approach is that the statements (declarative
sentences) of all the other tenses
are formed with the help of AUXILARY
except the PRESENT Simple and the PAST Simple.
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DIVERSITY IN VERB TENSESTwo or more tenses together in a sentence
1. Present Simple & Present Progressive (Present Life vs Present Moment Action or Non Action)
2. Past Simple & Past Progressive with time Clauses
WHEN, WHILE, BEFORE, AFTER
3. Present Future & Present Simple with time Clauses
IF, WHEN, AFTER, BEFORE, AS SOON AS
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LOOK at the Handout
and
Let’s See When We
Use
The particular
Verb Tense (Aspect)