presentation v6

8/8/2019 Presentation v6

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Will Jenkins, Ron Lewis, Georgios Lazarou

Joseph Picone, Zach Rowland

Human and Systems Engineering

Real-Time Vehicle Performance MonitoringUsing Wireless Networking

INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS:


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Page 1 of 14Real-Time Vehicle Performance Monitoring Using Wireless Networking

Abstract

Cornerstone of next generation intelligent transportation systems (ITS):

seamless integration of in-vehicle networking with existing wireless telephonyinfrastructure;

remote access to on-board diagnostics and performance data.

Though many systems integrate position tracking and wireless networking to

allow for remote position tracking, few systems provide the capability to

monitor vehicle performance over the web. Our design is based on: a popular new standard for wireless communications GSM/GPRS;

an in-vehicle standard for diagnostic information, OBD-II, is used to gather

performance data;

GPS technology to provide vehicle location;

Apaches Tomcat extensions to provide Internet access via a vehicle trackingweb site.

The system is being used to track the campus bus system at

Mississippi State University in Starkville, Mississippi, U.S.A.


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Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)

Uses networks of collaborative vehicles to optimizetraffic flow and provide dynamic routing capability

(intelligent network)

Relies heavily on vehicle

communication systemsincluding peer-to-peer and

peer-to-base station

communications

NETWOR

K

Incorporates seamlessintegration of in-vehicle

networking with existing

wireless telephony


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System Overview

Wireless

Network

Web /Database

Server


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Extensible Vehicle Performance Monitoring System

Exploits capabilities of Global System for Mobile

Communications (GSM) and General Packet Radio

Service (GPRS)

Based on existing in-vehicle automotive standards

(e.g., OBD-II, SAE J1850, and SAE J1979)

Provides vehicle performance

and position tracking systemto users via the Internet

Incorporates Global

Positioning System (GPS)

technology for vehicle location


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Global Positioning System

Global Positioning System (GPS):

provides highly accurate positioninformation anywhere in the world

Requires receiver capable of the

civilian L1 frequency (1575.42 MHz)

24 geostationary satellites orbiting

at an elevation of 11,000 miles

Originally developed for military

use only

Triangulates position to an

accuracy within 15 meters using at

least four satellites


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GSM/GPRS Wireless Network

Digitally encodes voice signals using the

GSM 06.10 compressor models at 13kbps

Uses time division multiple access (TDMA)

General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) data

communication layer over a GSM wireless transmissionlink with a theoretical data transfer speed of 171.2 Kbps

Packet format allows for full compatibility with existing

Internet services

Global System for Mobile

Communication (GSM) is

the fastest growing mobile

communication standard

Internet

GSM/GPR

S Network


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In-Vehicle Networking (OBD-II)

Protocol Signal Type(s) Manufacturer

SAE J1850

VPW

Variable Pulse Width

Modulation

General Motors

SAE J1850PWM

Pulse Width Modulation Ford

ISO 9141-2 Two Serial Lines:

Half-duplex (L)

Full-duplex (K)

European, Asian, and

Chrysler

SAE J1962 connector provides

access to the diagnostic network

Monitors most electrical

systems Provides error codes


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Generation 1: COTS Prototype

Sony Ericsson GC-82 EDGE

PC card

Garmin GPS 35-PC

BR-3 OBD-II Interface

Laptop with two COMports (RS232) and a 16-bit

compatible PCMCIA port

Operates on all OBD-II

protocols specified in

SAE J1850


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Data Collection Software

OBD-II data is retrieved

by continuously pollingthe system

OBD-II data is identified by generic parameter

identifications or PIDs specified in SAE J1979 standard

Speed, Engine RPM, Calculated Throttle Position

Sensor (TPS), Engine Load, Engine Coolant

Temperature, and Air Intake Pressure

Combines OBD-II data

and GPS coordinatesinto a single data

stream


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Data Collection Software

The BR-3 must be initialized.

The GPS data is gatheredsimultaneously.

NMEA GPRMC sentence

contains UTC data, longitude,

and latitude. The data is then sent to the server via GSM/GPRS.

The GPS signal is used as the trigger for data

transmission.

The communication protocol isset based on vehicle protocol.

Specified PIDs are polled

continuously


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Web and Database Server

Table Contents

Stops Label and GPS coordinatesRoutes Label and list of topology in-order of traversal

Buses Current location

Separate database for real-time and stored data aremaintained

Apache web server

Tomcat extensions

Five http servlets to maintain

data flow from the vehicle to the

database to the user interface.


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Map\EOP Interface

Displays tracking

and performanceinformation to the

public via Internet

Engine operating parameters can be viewed in real-

time on dashboard-like gauges

Shows vehicle

location on adigital map

Route information

is available


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Generation 2: Campus Bus Network Pilot

A PC104 embedded solution has

been developed.

The shuttles operate on a

SAE J1708 protocol (heavy-

duty vehicle).

Geographical Information System

(GIS) providing faster map

rendering based on GPS

coordinates.

Deployment for campusshuttles scheduled for

Spring 2005.


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Summary and Future Work

Prototyped a real-time vehicle performance monitoring

system which exploits existing wireless networkingtechnology

The final design incorporates a

single board including chipsets for

various wireless technologies andin-vehicle networking protocols.

A modular architecture

supports a variety ofsensors and high speed

data communications


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References

L. Figueiredo, I. Jesus, J.A.T. Machado, J.R. Ferreira, J.L. Martins de Carvalho, Towards the

Development of Intelligent Transportation Systems. IEEEIntelligent Transportation Systems

Proceedings, Oakland, CA, 2001, 25-29.

Garmin. What is GPS. [online]. Available: http://www.garmin.com/aboutGPS/index.html

T. Yunck, G. Lindal, C. Liu, The role of GPS in precise Earth observation, Position Location and

Navigation Symposium, Dec. 1988, 251-258

GSMWorld. [online]. Available: http://www.gsmworld.com/technology/faq.shtml

J. Cai, D. Goodman, General Packet Radio in GSM, IEEECommunications Magazine, 35(10), 1997,

pp 122-131.

S. Godavarty, S. Broyles and M. Parten, Interfacing to the On-board Diagnostic System,

Proceedings Vehicular Technology Conference Vol. 4, pp. 2000-2004, 24-28 Sept. 2000.

SAE J 1850 May 2001, Class B Data Communication Network Interface, 2004 SAEHandbook, SAE

International, 2004.

SAE J 1979 April 2002, E/E Diagnostic Test Modes Equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031: April 30, 2002,

2004 SAEHandbook, SAE International, 2004.

NMEA 0183 Standard for Interfacing Marine Electronic Devices, Version 2.0, National MarineElectronics Association, Mobile, AL, January 1992.

J. Brittain, I.F. Darwin, Tomcat: the definitive guide (O'Reilly, 2003).

K. English, L. Feaster, Community geography: GIS in action (ESRI Press, 2003).

MARIS. [online]. Available: http://www.maris.state.ms.us/index.html


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Questions


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In-Vehicle Networking (OBD-II)

The 1990 Clean Air Act and the Environmental Protection

Agency established strict emission standards andinspection/maintenance (I/M) programs.

The Society for Automotive Engineers (SAE) produced a

set of automotive standards and practices that regulated

the development of diagnostic systems that would checkfor emission violations.

These standards were expanded to create the on-board

diagnostic system OBD-II

In 1996, the EPA adopted these standards and practicesand mandated their installation in all light-duty vehicles.


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