presentation research methodology completed 2

STRUCTURAL FAILURE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING STRUCTURE.

(ECW 503 : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY)AZLINA MD YUSOF (2009487328)

SYAMIMI MOHAMAD (2009404398)NUR ADZLIEN ZAINAL ABIDIN

(2009830152)NORHALIZA WATI RIZAL BT YUSOH

(2009630576)NORHAZARITA SEMAN (2009476964)

Incidences of Structural Failure Incidences of Structural Failure in Civil Engineering.in Civil Engineering.

ECW 503 (MAJOR INCIDENCE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING)

1. Myllysilta Turku, Finland (2010)

2. Bab Berdieyinne Mosque, Meknes, Morocco (2009)

3. Block 7 of Lotus Riverside, Shanghai China,(2009)

4. Broadmeadow Viaduct Ireland(2009)

5.Situ Gintung DamTangerang, Indonesia(2009)

Case studyA nearly finished, newly constructed building in Shanghai toppled over, killing one worker.

13-story apartment building collapsed

would have been a far more destructive domino effect involving other structures in the 11-building complex.


Project overviewThe development, known as “Lotus Riverside.

Located at Shanghai China.Has a total of 629 units, 489 of which have already been sold.

13-storey buildings of the apartment complex.


WHAT WENT WRONG?

The posts of the building are “too few and too thin.” and hollow.

Buildings with rebar that was far too thin and of using cement that was substandard.

Initial investigations, cause = excavations for the construction of a garage under the collapsed building.

Earth removed & dumped in a landfill next to a nearby creek; weight of earth cause river bank collapse,water seep into ground result in muddy foundation.

HYPOTHESIS.The collapse of Shanghai Lotus Riverside Court

building is due to the foundation failure.Can be seen through the condition of the

collapsed building.The earth under the structure fail to take the

loading even though the structure was able to sustain it.

The South China Morning Post : pilings used made of prestressed, precast concrete piles that are outlawed in Hong Kong because they aren’t strong enough to support that kind of ultra high building.

Broken foundation supports jut from the base of the fallen building.

Earth removed dumped on river bank

Hollow post.

TESTING HYPOTHESIS

SOIL BEARING CAPACITY TEST

Bearing capacity of soil = maximum average contact pressure between the foundation and the soil which should not produce shear failure in the soil.

Can be used to test the hypothesis that the ground was weaken by water that penetrates into it due to burst river bank.

Recommended Standard Penetration TestCan also be used to recheck the sufficiency no

of piles used.

How to Conduct SPT .Uses a thick-walled sample tube (outside

diameter 50 mm & inside diameter 35 mm, length around 650 mm.

Driven into the ground at the bottom of a borehole by blows from a slide hammer with a weight of 63.5 kg (140 lb) falling through a distance of 760 mm (30 in).

The sample tube is driven 150 mm into the ground and then the number of blows needed for the tube to penetrate each 150 mm (6 in) up to a depth of 450 mm (18 in) is recorded.

The sum of the number of blows required for the second and third 6 in. of penetration is termed the "standard penetration resistance" or the "N-value".

If 50 blows are insufficient to advance it through a 150 mm (6 in) interval the penetration after 50 blows is recorded.

Blow count provides indication of density of ground, used in many empirical geotechnical engineering formulae.

Alternative for foundation improvement for our case study is UNDERPINNING.

Jack / Miga Pile Underpinning.Required when suitable soil bearing capacity is

too deep for wall underpinning.Advantages:

- Less vibration, less noise.- Flexibility in depth required.

Step:1)Short precast concrete pile is jacked into the

ground until the suitable subsoil.2)Fill/pin the space between top of pile &

underside of old existing foundation with concrete cap.

3) The condition of existing foundation must be good since it will act as a beam over the piles.

4) If foundation is weak, use Needle & Piles Underpinning:

i. Jack in a pair of precast concrete piles into ground.

ii. Cast needle (in-situ RC beam) above old foundation.

Effect of Lotus Court Riverside IncidentsThe Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural

Development ordered housing projects nationwide be inspected following the accident.

Nine people linked to the building collapse, including the real estate developer, contractor and the supervisor for the project, have been put "under appropriate control“.

Minhang district government announced nine individuals have had their freedom limited as the probe continues, capital of the developer has been frozen.

The Shanghai government ordered developers to ensure safety during the construction of all projects.

CONCLUSIONSThe right method of engineering practice must

be applied by all mean. As a foundation plays a vital role in a structure,

any activities that would jeopardize it’s stability must be closely supervise or avoided.

The quality of materials used in one’s construction are crucial since it effecting the strength of a structure.

If important factors as stated above and many mores observe, there will be no other of Lotus Riverside Court Tragedy.


References"Turun Myllysilta suljettu vakavien vaurioiden vuoksi"

(in Finnish). Turun Sanomat. 6 March 2010. http://www.ts.fi/online/kotimaa/116157.html.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_Riverside http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/content/view/18937/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_penetration_test http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearing_capacityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

List_of_structural_failures_and_collapses http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2009/06/29/

shanghai-building-collapses-nearly-intact/


THANK YOU..

presentation research methodology completed 2

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