Multilayered Communication Network Solution

Integrated with Communication Satellites, Small Satellites and High Altitude Platforms

Project Presented ByShaurov Dhar

Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science North South University

Multilayered Communication Network Solution

In the present climate of growth in telecommunication applications, wireless infrastructure providers are under continuous pressure to exploit the limited radio spectrum as efficiently as possible. In this context, Multilayered Communication Network Solutions are increasingly being cited as having an important role to play in future systems and applications. Such platforms may be integrated with Communication Satellites, Mini, Micro or Nano Satellites, High Altitude Platform, Radar & Satellite Ground Base Station and TV / Radio / WIFI / MAX / Mobile Base Stations. Our Group Project reviews some of the recent development of Multilayered Communication Network Solution and Platforms from which future communication services could be supported.

High Altitude PlatformA High Altitude Platform (HAP) is airships or planes which can support payloads to deliver a range of services: principally communications and remote sensing. A HAP differs from other aircraft in the sense that it is specially designed to operate at a very high altitude (17–22 km) and is able to stay there for months. The new generation of HAPs, however, will expand this period to several years. These platforms are reusable and positioned at stratospheric altitudes, from 20 to 50 km approximately.

About The PlatformThe International Telecommunications Union (ITU) has described HAP as “representing a new and long anticipated technology that can revolutionize the telecommunication industry.” HAPs are the next generation of wireless communications infrastructure that can make efficient use of radio spectrum resources, demonstrating greater system capacity, higher transmission quality and lower operating risk with the option to upgrade payload equipment at all times.The HAPs are seen as a middle ground between the terrestrial and satellite cases, and aims at exploiting potential benefits of intermediate altitudes between those used by the terrestrial and satellite technologies to provide broadband services to users, maximizing capacity and spectral efficiency, with a reduction in cost and complexity.

Advantages: Closing the "Digital Divide"HAP's proximity to the Earth will allow several transmission technologies to operate on the same platform including TV and radio, broadcast, mobile telephony, VoIP, remote sensing and local GPS. HAPs can act as base stations or relay nodes, which may be effectively regarded as a very tall antenna or a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite.

• Rapid deployment - HAP's technologies can be deployed, redeployed and upgraded rapidly.

• Low Cost - HAP's platforms are expected to be much cheaper than existing and planned infrastructures (terrestrial wire line and wireless and satellite systems).

Advantages: Closing the "Digital Divide"• Environmentally friendly - HAPS are sustainable and environmentally friendly. They use redeployable components and modules. With their low energy exhaust free solar propulsion systems, they can be deployed over urban areas.

• Mobility - HAPs can also provide telecommunication services or the backbone for terrestrial networks in remote areas or in disaster affected areas.

Another important benefit of HAPS systems over satellites is the shorter delay that a signal traveling from a HAP to a subscriber on the ground, compared with that from a satellite link to ground.

Facts & Features• The HAPs can coverage can reach a region up to 500km in diameter.

• Covered area has a cellular architecture for frequency reuse.

• The HAPs can be equipped with a spot beam antenna for Wimax/4G and digital broadcasting.

• The HAPs can act as the stratospheric node of a wider network, including satellite and ground segments.

ICT services supported by HAPs

Data traffic• LAN & WAN interconnect     • Voice, data and video     • High speed data     • Backhauling of WIFI spots • WIFI / MAX

Broadcast • TV & TV on demand     • Digital Radio     • Video on demand     • Interactive TV (iTV)

Telecommunication   • Fixed & Mobile convergence     • Mobile services for 2, 3 and 4G    • Video conferencing     • City networks

ICT services supported by HAPs

The CAPANINA Project (www.capanina.org)Developing wireless and optical broadband technologies for use on High Altitude Platforms.

ICT services supported by HAPs

The CAPANINA Project (www.capanina.org)The CAPANINA project is focusing on development of low-cost broadband technology from HAPs aimed at providing efficient network coverage to users who may be marginalized by geography, distance from infrastructure, or those traveling inside high speed public transport vehicles (e.g. trains).

Security, Surveillance andRemote Sensing

• Weather / Environmental Monitoring• Realtime Monitoring of a Region • Disaster Management• Monitoring Border• Traffic Control• Mapping

Disaster Management

HAPs will support Country in protecting persons, detecting weapons, reconnaissance, providing emergency communications, forecasting, detecting natural disasters and supporting relief action.

Images showing Japan Tsunami destruction

Before After

For surveillance and intelligence

HAPs will support users in monitoring and protecting network systems (e.g. electricity, oil, gas, water, traffic networks and communication against sabotage etc.) and detecting damages and threats (e.g. to power plants, power lines, oil or gas pipelines, roads, railway lines, vehicles and communication systems).

For Monitoring Border

One of the best example of a High Altitude Platform used for Surveillance and Securiy is RQ4 Global Hawk UAV used by the US Air Force. It has a service ceiling of 20 km and can stay in the air for continuous 36 hours. It carries a highly sophisticated sensor system including radar, optical, and infrared imagers.

Bangladesh Aerial Photography Service (BAPS)The Bangladesh Aerial Photography Service (BAPS) allows a unique perspective on aerial photography. The Airship & Balloon is filled with Helium. A camera is suspended under the Remote Control Airship and photos are taken from the ground. In comparison to traditional aerial photography, the lower altitude of our environmentally friendly Remote Control Airship system allows for closer photo & video of the subject.The Remote Control Airship offers ideal perspectives for residential and commercial photography, Aerial filming- plus a wide range of other applications ranging from Wild life filming, Environmental Research Work, Television, Security, Construction project, Roads and Traffic studies to Sporting events.

The BAPS Offers

• Aerial Filming• Industrial & Commercial Photography• Residential Photography• Wild Life Filming• Television Aerial Video• Construction Project Monitoring• Environmental Research Work• Roads and Traffic studies• Sporting events• Government• Weather• Education• Security• Site Surveys

www.bapsbd.com

Bangladesh Space Research & Remote Sensing Organization (SPARRSO)

• SPARRSO was established in November 1980 under Science and Technology Division, Cabinet Ministry. Initially the organization was administered and guided by the rules and regulations of Atomic Energy Commission.• SPARRSO was transferred to the Ministry of Defense on 14 August 1985 by an order No. 4/10/83- Rules/146.• It was founded as an autonomous organization by the Act no. 29 of 1991 called “Mahakash Gobeshona O Dur-Anudhaban Protisthan”.• SPARRSO has been involved in various research and development activities using remote sensing technology in different geo-disciplinary areas.

Application of Space Technology by SPARRSO

Agriculture• Estimation of Aman and Boro rice area and yields

Fisheries• Fisheries resource survey (water body mapping)• Delineation of potential fishing zone• Mapping of suitable site for shrimp farming

Water Resources & Hydrology• River course monitoring• Coastal zone dynamics• Monitoring of water-logging• Kaptai Lake study• Estimation of chlorophyll content

Application of Space Technology by SPARRSO

Forestry & Environment• Forest cover mapping• Monitoring of mangrove forestation• Assessments of deforestation and carbon emission• Timber volume inventory• Climate change impact studies

Agro & Hydro Meteorology• Weather & drought monitoring

Natural Calamities & Disaster Management• Cyclone monitoring• Flood mapping• Post-disaster damage assessments

Application of Space Technology by SPARRSO

Cartography• Thematic map generation• Digital cadastral mapping• Mapping of tea gardens• Drainage pattern mapping

Land use & Land cover• Coastal land zoning• Land use and land cover mapping

Oceanography• Delineation of maritime boundary

Urban Studies• Urban area mapping• Urban growth studies

Application of Space Technology by SPARRSO

Monitoring of Rice Forest Cover Mapping

Cyclone Monitoring Irrigation Coverage

A Communication Satellitefor Bangladesh

In 2008, the Bangladesh Telegraph and Telephone Board (BTTB) and the Better Business Forum proposed that Bangladesh should take up immediate measures to launch a communications satellite into space as it was essential for the development of the country's ICT sector. In April 2009, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina revealed her government's intentions to have Bangladesh's first satellite in orbit by 2014. In November 2009, Bangladesh's government officially announced that in line with its vision of a "Digital Bangladesh", the country is planning to launch a telecommunications satellite into space by 2014 with assistance from other countries.

Go for Small Satellites

Thinks are going to change in the field of satellite technology in coming years because of Mini, Micro or Nano Satellites, all this are small satellites. Reason for miniaturizing satellites is to reduce the cost, heavier satellites require larger rockets of greater cost to finance; smaller and lighter satellites require smaller and cheaper launch vehicles and can sometimes be launched in multiples. They can also be launched 'piggyback', using excess capacity on larger launch vehicles. Most of these small satellites are design and developed in University Labs by Students. SPARRSO should give financial and technological supports are needed for the development of technology, technical works, training etc to undergraduate and graduate students those who interested to satellite technology.

The Integrated Solution

Communication Satellite+

Mini, Micro or Nano Satellites+

High Altitude Platform+

Radar & Satellite Ground Base Station+

Traffic Control Base Station+

TV / Radio / WIFI / MAX / Mobile Base Stations

The Integrated Solution

Communication Satellite+

Mini, Micro or Nano Satellites+

High Altitude Platform+

Radar & Satellite Ground Base Station

+Traffic Control Base Station

+TV / Radio / WIFI / MAX / Mobile

Base Stations

Multilayered Communication Network Solution

ConclusionMultilayered Communication Network Solution which is consisting of Communication Satellites, Mini / Micro / Nano Satellites and High Altitude Platforms will provide the communication network platform and its architecture for Bangladesh in future.For indigenization this type technology can’t be master in a short period of time. We may need minimum 8 to 10 years to develop our own Multilayered Network. Now this is the time to decide how our country’s future Network Communication Platform and Space Application Program will go. Do us going to depends on other countries or we should go for our own program for what will our need of Communication Network and Space Based Applications after 20 years from now.

Thanks