presentation on biodiesel by kiran aajagekar
DESCRIPTION
This is the brief presentation about the BiodieselTRANSCRIPT
Seminar on
BIO-DIESEL
By- Kiran M. Aajagekar.
Under the guidance of
Prof. S. B. Deshmukh
Seminar Outline
- Introduction- What is a Biodiesel- Sources of Biodiesel- Transesterification- Simple approach to make a Biodiesel- Properties of Biodiesel- Material compatibility of Biodiesel- Applications of Biodiesel- Benefits & Disadvantages of Biodiesel- Biodiesel Emissions
Introduction
-Biodiesel
-Historical background- Patrick duffy 1853
-International Biodiesel Day- 10 Aug
Sources
- Vegetable oil
- Animal fat
- Jathropa ( contains 40% of oil)- Soybeans- canola / Rapeseed- Camelina- Sun flower oil
- Algae & Oil palm
Transesterification
CH2OH-R1 catalyst CH2OH | | CHOH-R2 + 3CH3OH 3CH3OHRx+ CHOH | | CH2OH-R3 CH2OH
Triglyceride 3 Methanol Biodiesel Glycerin
R1, R2, and R3 are fatty acid alkyl groups (could be different, or the same), and depend on the type of oil. The fatty acids involved determine the final properties of the biodiesel (cetane number, cold flow properties, etc.)
Simple Approach-HowBioDisel Can Made
Properties of Biodiesel
- Calorific value- 37.27 MJ/kg- Color- Varies from Golden to Dark Brown - Flash point- >130 °C, >266 °F- density ~ 0.88 g/cm³- High boiling point- Low vapor pressure- Immiscible with water- No sulphur content- High Cetane number
Material compatibility
- Plastics- HDPE is compatible, PVC is not compatible, Polysrtyne get dissolves
- Metals: Biodiesel has an effect on copper-based materials (e.g. brass), and it also affects zinc, tin, lead, and cast iron. Stainless steels (316 and 304) and aluminum are unaffected
- Rubber: Biodiesel also affects some types of natural rubbers
Applications
- Vehicular use and Manufacturer acceptance- Railway uses- Aircraft uses- As a heating oil- For cleaning oil spill- In generators
Benefits of Biodiesel
- Clean fuel that is an excellent alternative to petroleum.
- Hundred percent renewable- A positive impact on the environment - No or little vehicle modifications or special
fuelling equipment - With a high flash point, biodiesel is safer to
handle and store- provides excellent lubricity to the fuel
injection system
- Provides significantly reduced emissions of carbon monoxide, particulate matter, unburned hydrocarbons, and sulphates
- Helps reduce the risk of global warming by reducing net carbon emissions to the atmosphere
- Being derived from vegetable oils, biodiesel is naturally non-toxic
- In both soil and water, biodiesel degraded at a rate 4 times faster than regular diesel fuel
- can be made from different oils and fats, waste products. Waste cooking oil, animal feed mixtures can be converted to high quality biodiesel
Disadvantages
• Lower Energy Content• Less energy produces , but have also higher cetane ,
lubricity, etc.
• Poor cold weather performance• This can be mitigated by blending with diesel fuel or with
additives, or using low gel point feedstocks such as rapeseed/canola.
• Stability Concerns• Biodiesel is less oxidatively stable than petroleum diesel
fuel. Old fuel can become acidic and form sediments and varnish. Additives can prevent this.
• Scalability• Current feedstock technology limits large scalability
Biodiesel Emissions
Conclusion
- By knowing about the biodiesel as a fuel we came to know that, biodiesel is the today's best alternatives for the fossils fuels like diesel and gasoline.
- It can be used in vehicles with some modification in the vehicle
- Production of biodiesel is easy as compared to the fossil fuels, also it is easy to handle and less pollutant than that of fossil fuels.
- Biodiesel is environment friendly and human friendly
References
www.wikipedia.com
www.sciencedirect.com
www.biodieselcommunity.org
www.biodiesel.org/resources
Biodiesel documentation of worldwide status 1997
Thank You
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