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THE SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF FERTILITY

SUSHEELA SINGH and

JOHN CASTERLINE

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Presented by:Suraya AkhtarRoll no: Moitri-122nd semester student of Master of population

sciencesDepartment of population sciences, Dhaka

University

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IntroductionTwo sets of issues are highlighted

here-

Socioeconomic differentials may indicate the considerations that underlies fertility decisions.

Analysis of socioeconomic differentials occupies a central position in fertility change.

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The major socioeconomic determinants are:

Education

Residence

Women’s employment

Modernization

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Education and fertilityEffect of education on fertility in different country context In least developed countries

-small rise in education can cause a rise in fertility.

In developing countries.-increase in education leads to lower fertility.

In developed countries.-an upturn of fertility at the highest level of education found.

United Nation in 1983 also stated that the patterns are not same for husband’s and for wife’s education.

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Residence and fertilityIn urban areas: fertility is comparatively low because- Later age of marriage. Net cost of children.

Rodriguez and Cleland:

In rural areas: total fertility exceeds the urban. In least developed countries urban fertility is 6% less

than rural fertility. In more developed countries the difference is 29%.

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Women's employment and fertility

Different type of population and different occupation determines the relationship of women’s employment and fertility-

Women at urban market economy and with high status occupation has lower fertility.

Women in agriculture, low status sales and service

occupation shows higher fertility.

Mason and Palan: Urban Chinese and urban Indian population shows an

inverse work-fertility relationship.

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Modernization and fertility Modernization and westernization process changes

the differentials from older to younger cohorts. Thailand experienced a decline in fertility at the

same time. Intensive family planning affecting the fertility. Increase in family planning program strength

causes negative socioeconomic fertility relationship.

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Limitations of the studyAuthor stated some problems in this article-

Limitation in information.

Less attention to the male education and fertility.

Relationship between modernization and fertility is not explained directly.

Occupation is absent here.

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Conclusion In short we can draw a conclusion like this-

Education reduces demand for children. Fertility declines with urbanization. Negative relationship between women’s

employment and fertility. Changes in social structure changes fertility.

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Thank you