Present PerfectPresent Perfect

hashas//have have ++ participle participle

Now

We We have taken have taken this class twice this this class twice this week.week.

Mary Mary has read has read that book several times.that book several times.

Past PerfectPast Perfect

had had ++ participle participle Past simple

Past perfect Now

The dog The dog had eaten had eaten all our food all our food by the by the time we came.time we came.

Future PerfectFuture Perfect

will will ++ have have + + participleparticiple Present simple

Now Future perfect

The meeting The meeting will have begun will have begun when you when you finish the homework.finish the homework.

Present PerfectPresent Perfect

have have

have not/haven’thave not/haven’t

has has not/hasn’thas has not/hasn’t

Present PerfectPresent PerfectExamples:Examples:

The children The children have eaten have eaten all the food. all the food. (affirmative)(affirmative)

The children The children have not eaten have not eaten all the food. all the food. (negative)(negative)

Have Have the childrenthe children eaten eaten all the foodall the food? ? (question)(question)

Present PerfectPresent PerfectExamples:Examples:

Karen Karen has done has done her homeworkher homework. . (affirmative)(affirmative)

Karen Karen hasn’t done hasn’t done her homeworkher homework. . (negative)(negative)

Has Has Karen Karen done done her homeworkher homework? ? (question)(question)

Past PerfectPast Perfect

had had had had not/hadn’tnot/hadn’t

Past PerfectPast PerfectExamples:Examples:

I I had passed had passed this subject when I took this subject when I took the test. the test. (affirmative)(affirmative)

I I hadn’t passed hadn’t passed this subject when I took this subject when I took the test. the test. (negative)(negative)

Had Had II passed passed this subject when I took this subject when I took the testthe test? ? (question)(question)