presentación de powerpointgear pump • it is one of the most common types of pump used in...
TRANSCRIPT
Hydraulics Lab
Theory - 1
Hydrostatic Pressure
Hydrostatic Pressure
Hydrostatic Pressure
Hydrostatic Pressure
Bernoulli Equation
𝐸 = 𝑃𝑉𝑜𝑙 + 𝑚𝑔𝑧 +1
2𝑚𝑣2
Total Energy
ElasticEnergy
(pressure)
PotentialEnergy
KineticEnergy
g
Vz
g
P
g
Vz
g
P
22
2
22
2
2
11
1
𝐸1 = 𝐸2
Flow in Channels
From: Wynn, P, 2014. Hydraulics for Civil Engineers. ICE
Publishing, 196 pp.
Flow in Channels
𝐹𝑟 =𝑉
𝑚𝑔
• When Froude Number = 1 → the critical condition
• When the Froude Number < 1 → subcritical condition
(tranquil flow)
• When the Froude Number > 1 → supercritical condition
(rapid flow)
Flow in Channels
From: Wynn, P, 2014. Hydraulics for Civil Engineers. ICE
Publishing, 196 pp.
Flow in Channels
From: Wynn, P, 2014. Hydraulics for Civil Engineers. ICE
Publishing, 196 pp.
When going from A to B directly create a hydraulic Jump
Flow in Channels
From: Wynn, P, 2014. Hydraulics for Civil Engineers. ICE
Publishing, 196 pp.
Sharp Crested Weir
Sharp Crested Weir
• Is a thin wall weir
• Thin wall weirs are primarily used to determine the flow of
small streams and channels.
• Cd is the discharge coefficient, specific for each weir and
flow characteristics
• Aeration pipe must be open for Cd determination
Water and waste water treatment - Sedimentation Basin
• Gravity separation of suspended material from an aqueous
solution is the oldest and most widely used process in water and
wastewater treatment
From: Montgomery, JM, 1985. Water Treatment, Principles
and Design. John Wiley & Sons, 696 pp.
Water and waste water treatment - Sedimentation Basin
• Sedimentation basins may be of different
types:
Rectangular Basin
Circular Basin
Square Basin
From: Montgomery, JM, 1985. Water Treatment, Principles
and Design. John Wiley & Sons, 696 pp.
Water and waste water treatment - Sedimentation Basin
• Baffles and the addition of cool water may be used to influence
the flow of water in a sedimentation basin
From: Montgomery, JM, 1985. Water Treatment, Principles
and Design. John Wiley & Sons, 696 pp.
Gear Pump
• It is one of the most common types of
pump used in hydraulic fluid power
applications and engine oil pump
systems.
• Their main characteristics are:
Low flow rate
Ability to pump highly viscous fluids
Can generate high pressure head
• Fluid enters the body of the pump at
low pressure and is transferred to the
outlet side at a higher pressure
• Positive displacement
Plunger Pump
• Consists of a piston inside a chamber
which moves in one direction and fluid
is drawn into the chamber.
• The piston then returns as the inlet
valve closes and the outlet valve opens,
forcing the fluid out
• The general pattern expected for the
outlet pressure that of a sine wave
• The pulsation may be smoothed using a
damping system
• Positive displacement