prepared by: assoc. prof. dr bahaman abu samahpsm.upm.edu.my/3100/bahan pembelajaran/e3100 p5...
TRANSCRIPT
Prepared by:
Assoc. Prof. Dr Bahaman Abu Samah Department of Professional Development and Continuing Education
Faculty of Educational Studies
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Serdang
− Internet is network of networks which
comprises a large scale network that
connects millions of computers
− Each network provides various information
resources and services that can be accessed
through internet
− According to Internet World Stats a total of
1.997 billion internet users all over the world
Advanced Research
Projects Agency (ARPA)
telah diwujudkan untuk
menerajui dalam sains
dan teknologi berkait
dengan ketenteraan
1958
1969 ARPANET, satu projek
network, telah diwujudkan
menghubungkan
penyelidik di US.
ARPANET terdiri daripada
4 komputer utama terletak
di University of Carlifornia,
Los Angeles, University of
Carlifornia, Santa Barbara,
Stanford Research
Institute, dan University of
Utah.
1973 Sambungan
antarabangsa pertama
ke ARPANET: University
College of London
(England) and Royal
Radar Establishment
(Norway)
Ethernet, rankaian LAN
pertama diwujudkan di
Zerox PARC (Palo Alto
Research Center) oleh
Robert Matcalf. LAN
membolehkan komputer
berkomunikasi dan
berkongsi perisian, data
dan peralatan.
1982 DCA and ARPA establish
the Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) and
Internet Protocol (IP), as
the protocol suite,
commonly known as
TCP/IP, for ARPANET.
This leads to one of the
first definitions of an
"internet" as a connected
set of networks.
DCA dan ARPA
menubuhkan
Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) dan
Internet Protocol (IP)
untuk ARPANET
1986 NSFNET created
(backbone speed of
56Kbps)
NSF establishes 5 super-
computing centers to
provide high-computing
power for all.
National Science
Foundation (NSF)
menyambungkan
networknya (NSFnet)
terdiri daripada 5 pusat
supercomputer
1990 Negara-negara
dihubungkan ke NSFNET:
Argentina (AR), Austria
(AT), Belgium (BE), Brazil
(BR), Chile (CL), Greece
(GR), India (IN), Ireland
(IE), Korea (KR), Spain
(ES), Switzerland (CH)
Jim Clark dan Marc
Andreesen menubuhkan
Netscape dan
melancarkan Netscape
Navigator 1.0, satu
perisin pelayar Internet
Sun Microsystems
melancarkan Java, an
object-oriented
programming language.
NSFnet menamatkan
networknya ke Internet
dan kembali kepada
matlamat asal sebagai
rangkaian penyelidikan
− WWW is one of the main services in Internet
− WWW contains a large collection of electronic
documents or web documents
− Each web document consists of text, graphics sound,
video or links to other documentss/websites.
− Web browser is used to access webpages
Examples:
● Internet Explorer
● Netscape Navigator
● Firefox
Protocol
Domain/server
UserID
Webpage
– Each website has a unique address called Uniform
Resource Locator (URL)
– URL memberitahu pelayar Web tentang lokasi
sesuatu dokumen
– Elemen suatu URL:
http://www.ace.upm.edu.my/~bas/index.html
Internet usages include:
− WWW
− Eletronik Mail
− Internet Relay chat (IRC)
− File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
− Internet banking
− Internet commerce
Two types of Internet address:
IP address
– IP staands for Internet protokol
– Comprises four sets of numbers and
separated by a dot
– Each set of numbers ranges between 0 to 255
– Contoh:
172.16.240.151 – UPM
172.16.240.151 – Faculty of Educational Studies
172.16.33.2 – JPPPL
Domain name
– Domain name in text
– Each domain comprises an abbreviation for top-
level domain (TLD)
– TLD indicates the type of a particular organization
– Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers (ICANN) is the body that assign manage
TLD
– Each domain includes country code except for USA
Examples:
www.psm.upm.edu.my
www.cimbclicks.com.my
Original TLD Type of Domain
com Business organization or companies
edu Educational institutions
gov Government agencies
mil Military organizations
net Network providers
org Non-profit Organizations
New TLD
museum Museum
biz Business
info Information services
name Individuaal or family
pro Profesional such as doctors and lawyers
aero Air freight companies
coop Business cooperatives
• Computer
• Modem/ethernet card
• Telephone line
• Register to any ISP
– Jaring (1992)
– TMNet (1995)
– Nasionet (1995)
– TimeNet (2000)
– Celcom Broad
band Joint Advanced Research Integrated networking project
− A large amount of information can be
accessed through internet
− These information can be used for various
purposes
− Three methods for information search:
1. Search engine
2. Subject directory
3. keyword
An application that can be used to search for
information
Popular search engines:
– Google google.com.my
– AltaVista altavista.com
– ilor ilor.com
– Yahoo yahoo.com
– Excite excite.com
– Catcha catcha.com
1. Search Engine