prep conjuntion interjection
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Prepositions,
Conjunctions, and
Interjections
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Prepositions
Prepositions begin prepositional phrases. A
phrase ends with a noun called the object of
the preposition. The phrase shows arelationship between a noun or pronoun and
some other word in the sentence.
A prepositional phrase is not needed in a
sentence. You can remove it, and thesentence will still be complete.
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Common Prepositions
about behind for over
above below from past
across beneath in through
after beside inside to
against between into toward
along beyond like under
among by near until
around despite of Up
As down off with
at during on within
before except out without
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Be CarefulNever end a sentence with a preposition.This is called a dangling preposition. In orderto be used properly, a preposition must havean object, therefore a preposition cannot be
the last word of a sentence.***** There is one exception. Someprepositions are also adverbs. If the word isbeing used as an adverb to tell - How?
When? Where? To what extent? - it can endthe sentence.
For example: The sun shone above.
Above tells where the sun was, therefore,it is an adverb and does not need an object.
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Example Prepositional
PhrasesThe girl with the long brown hair sits near the
windows.
Prep. Phrase 1- with the long brown hairPrep. = with
O.P. = hair
Prep. Phrase 2 near the windowsPrep. = near
O.P. = windows
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Example Prepositional
PhraseIn the darkness of the night, a cold, creepy
hand grazed my face.
Prep. Phrase 1 In the darknessPrep. = In
O.P. = darkness
Prep. Phrase 2 of the nightPrep. = of
O.P. = night
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Adjective Prepositional
PhraseAdjective prepositional phrases are
prepositional phrases that function like
adjectives. They describe nouns andpronouns.
They answer the questions: Which
One? What Kind? How Many? HowMuch?
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Example Adjective
Prepositional PhraseI drank tea with sugar and honey for
breakfast.
Adj. Prep. Phrase - with sugar and honeyPrep. = with
O.P. = sugar and honey (compound O.P.)
This phrase describes what kind of tea,therefore, it is an adjective prepositional
phrase.
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Adverb Prepositional
PhraseAdverb prepositional phrases are
prepositional phrases that function like
adverbs. They describe verbs,adjectives, and other adverbs.
They answer the questions: How?
When? Where? Why? How Often?How Long?
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Example Adverb
Prepositional PhraseThe student closed the book with aclatter.
Adverb Prep. Phrase with a clatterPrep. = with
O.P. = clatter
This phrase describes how the bookwas closed, therefore, it is an adverbprepositional phrase.
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Coordinating
ConjunctionsA conjunction is a word that joins words orgroups of words.
AndBut
Or
Yet
So
For
Nor
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Correlative ConjunctionsYou must use correlative conjunction in their pair
groups. If you use not only you have to use butalso later in the sentence, etc.
Not only
Both
Neither
Either
Whether
But Also
And
Nor
Or
Or
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Rules for Conjunctions
and CommasIf the list has only two items, do not use acomma.
For example: Rick and Steve made asnowman.
If the list has more than two items, usecommas between each item, but not after thelast item.
For example: Rick, Steve, and George made
a snowman.
If you are joining two sentence, you must usea comma before the conjunction.
For example: Rick and Steve made asnowman, and George was jealous.
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Example Conjunction
Joining WordsSheila, Suzy, and Shannon ran,
jumped, and fell over the fence.
And joins Sheila to Suzy and Shannon(nouns).
And joins ran to jumped and fell
(verbs).
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Example Conjunction
Joining Groups of WordsAfter recess but before the end of the day weneed to put together the Wednesday folders.
But joins the prepositional phrases afterrecess and before the end.
They brushed their teeth, and then they wentto bed.
And connects the two complete sentences:They brushed their teeth. Then they went tobed.
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Interjections
Interjections are words that are used to
show emotion.
An interjection has an exclamation pointor comma after it. The interjection can
stand alone; it does not need to be in a
complete sentence. Although acomplete sentence usually follows it.
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Example Interjections
Wow! That is a big dog!
Aha! I caught you!
Oops! I didnt mean to do that.
Ouch! That hurt!
Well, thats a wrap!Oh, one more example wont hurt.