preface - carollo engineers · design desalination and membrane softening facilities provides...

Preface

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Carollo Engineers is an environmental consulting firm with more than 1,050 employees in 44 offices throughout the United States. All of our work is performed in the areas of water and wastewater, resulting in a level of understanding of key project issues that few can match. Carollo strives to maintain the tradition of using sound and proven engineering principles while moving progressively forward to keep abreast of changing times and new technologies.

This is a specialty Statement of Qualifications (SOQ) for Carollo Engineers detailing some of our experience and expertise in the field of water treatment specific to this topic.

CONTENTS

Issues and Differentiators

Key Achievements

Testing and Optimization Capabilities

Company Profile

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Issues and Differentiators

Hard, brackish, and colored surface water and groundwater supplies were once avoided due to the complexity and costs of treatment. However, due to growing demand and improvements in technology, membrane desalination, and membrane softening present an increasingly attractive alternative to water purveyors as a means for treating low-quality water supplies to provide high-quality drinking water to a thirsty and demanding population.

A rapidly growing population has left some regions of the country facing the need to provide many more people with high-quality water from a limited supply. For example, California’s population is expected to exceed 54 million by 2025, creating an additional water demand of 2-3 million acre-feet per year. Current projections forecast that at least 10 percent of this additional capacity will have to come from brackish and seawater sources. Additional high-quality water resources have become harder to come by and, in some areas, reservoirs have become extremely difficult to permit. This has left water utilities with few options and has required them to look to supplies of lesser quality. Desalination

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1. City of Fort Bragg2. Contra Costa Water District3. Alameda County4. City of Santa Cruz5. Monterey6. Carmel Area Wastewater District7. Deuel Vocational Institute8. Zone 7 Water Agency9. Indian Wells Valley Water District10. Cambria Community Service District11. City of Santa Maria12. Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (Los Angeles)13. Chino Desalter Authority14.City of Chino Hills15. Western Municipal Water District16. Irvine Ranch Water District17. Poseidon Resources - Huntington Beach

Desalination and Membrane Softening Projects across the Country

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18. Confidential Client19. City of Santa Barbara20. Affordable Desalination Collaboration21. Eastern Municipal Water District22. City of Oceanside23. Poseidon Resources - Carlsbad24. City of Irvine25. City of Redlands26. San Diego County Water Authority27. Mesa Consolidated Water District28. Wisvest Corporation29. Central Arizona Water Conserv. District30. Town of Buckeye31. Lewis Prison Complex32. City of Phoenix/JWRTF33. City of Chandler34. City of Phoenix35. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

54. Hilton Head Public Service District No. 155. South Island Public Service District56. United Water Florida57. City of Palm Coast58. Florida Governmental Utility Authority59. Indian River County60. South Florida Water Management District61. Palm Beach County62.City of Pompano Beach63. City of Sunrise64. City of Sunrise65. Miami-Dade Water and Sewer District66. Barron Collier Company67. Collier County68. Lee County Utilities69. City of North Port70. Tampa Bay Water71. Sarasota County Utilities

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36. Magna Water Company37. Jordan Valley Water Conserv. District38. City of Roundup39. Water Research Foundation40. Des Moines Waterworks41. Kansas City, KS42. Water District No. 1 of Johnson County43. City of Wichita44. Kansas City WSD45. City of St. Louis46. Louisville47. El Paso Water Utilities48. Dell City49. Texas Water Development Board50. San Antonio Water System51. City of Corpus Christi52. Mount Pleasant Waterworks53. Fripp Island Public Service District

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CAROLLO’S MASTER PLANNING TOOLS

Carollo offers unique master-planning tools that can aid in the siting of desalination and membrane softening facilities, and in evaluating intake and concentrate disposal alternatives. These tools include:

• Master Plan Manager 3.0 – this award winning2 software that is capable of assessing demographics, water demands, regulator issues, concentrate disposal alternatives, and other evaluation criteria to select the best location for desalination or membrane softening facilities. This tool can also be placed on the internet for interactive multimedia communication with project stakeholders and environmental groups. Some recent ventures, such as the 25-mgd Tampa Bay desalination plant, have been plagued by a lack of communication with environmental groups. Using multimedia tools to facilitate technology transfer and illustrate technical concepts can significantly benefit the success of any project requiring environmental sensitivity due to such issues as location or concentrate discharge.

• Concentrate Management and Seawater Intake Decision Tools – these software packages guide decision makers, regulators and stakeholders through a decision methodology to assess the viability and acceptability of concentrate disposal or seawater intake options. The end result is an understanding of the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of the various options. This provides sound, defensible decisions and therefore, greater certainty to planning level conclusions regarding each alternatives’ feasibility, cost, and schedule.

technologies such as nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), and electrodialysis reversal (EDR) are increasingly being used to treat these supplies. Over 1 billion gallons per day of water is produced by desalination worldwide. The economics of desalination technologies has improved dramatically over the last two decades and there are currently over 1,200 permitted membrane desalination and membrane softening plants in the U.S. today1.

Carollo Engineers (Carollo) has remained responsive to the needs of their clients in regions where fresh, high-quality water supplies are scarce. We have been an industry leader in the planning, permitting, design

and construction of membrane desalination plants on hard, brackish and colored groundwater supplies. Within the last 10 years alone – we have completed the design and/or construction of over $1 billion worth of desalination

plant infrastructure with over 300 mgd worth of capacity in operation.

Our understanding of the issues required to design desalination and membrane softening facilities provides credence to our understanding of how these systems operate, and operations are crucial to making these processes economical. Energy efficiency, automation,

Carollo has completed the design and/or construction over $1 billion worth of desalination and membrane softening infrastructure.

Carollo designed the first municipal desalting plant in Texas for the City of Dell City in 1969. We have continued to provide engineering services for every expansion project since.

1 Angelo, W.J. 2000. Taking Out Salt is a Sweet Market. Engineering News & Record. Vol. 425 No. 15 (46-52).2 Recognized with awards from the American Academy of Environmental Engineers and the California Water Environment Federation.

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control and alternative chemical pretreatments are key design features that equate to economical operation. Carollo has led the industry by implementing these features in the projects we have engineered.

RELATED WORKThe key to the success of a brackish water desalination or membrane softening project is a firm that has experience in completing projects that involve all aspects of the design and construction process: planning, site selection, consensus building, design, cost estimation, construction and operation of demineralization processes, water treatment, and wastewater treatment facilities. As a company that specializes in only water and wastewater treatment, Carollo has a great deal of experience and expertise in all these areas.

The table on the next page presents some key projects that demonstrate Carollo’s qualifications to successfully address the issues involved in membrane desalination and membrane softening projects.

Carollo has led the industry by implementing features such as energy efficiency, automation, control and alternative chemical pretreatments in the projects we have engineered.

CAROLLO CAN REDUCE YOUR DESALINATION FACILITY

OPERATING COST

Carollo has recently completed several facility optimization projects that involve the use of energy recovery devices and alternative chemical pretreatments. At the North Lee County facility, both energy recovery and acid elimination were implemented. The result was a net savings of $784,000 annually. The capital cost associated with these improvements was recovered within 2 years.

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Brackish Water Desalination and Membrane Softening – Related Projects

Client/Project Capacity Description

Miami-Dade County, FL - Preston-Hialeah WTP Improvements

165 mgdPlanning and design services for the world's largest NF WTP, which will soften hard groundwater that is under the direct influence of surface water.

City of San Diego, CA - North City Pure Water Facility

34 mgddesign of the $367 million North City Pure Water Facility—California’s first surface water augmentation project.

Chino Desalter Authority, CA - Chino II Desalter Expansion and Concentrate Reduction Facilities.

22 mgd

Planning, design and construction phase services for the expansion of the Chino II Desalter from 10 to 20.5 mgd; and construction of the Chino II Concentrate Reduction Facility that converts 1.8 mgd of RO concentrate to 1.2 mgd of additional product water.

Magna Water Company, UT - EDR Treatment Plant

15.4 mgdPlanning, pilot testing, design- and construction-phase services of an EDR treatment plant on a high silica groundwater.

Collier County, FL - Northeast Regional WTP Phase 1

15 mgdDesign and construction phase services for a new RO treatment plant in South Florida that will be expanded to 40 mgd in three phases.

Lee County Utilities, FL - North Lee County RO WTP Rehabilitation and Expansion

11.6 mgdProgressive design-build project to design, permit, and construct the plant rehabilitation and expansion in only 17 months.

Palm Coast Utilities Department, FL - Palm Coast NF Plant Expansion

9.6 mgdDesign-build project to design, permit, and construct the plant expansion in a challenging schedule of only 13 months.

Mesa Consolidated Water District, CA - Color Removal NF WTP

8.6 mgdDesign and construction phase services for a new NF treatment plant to treat groundwater with 300 C.U.

Jordan Valley Water Conservancy District, UT - Southwest Groundwater Treatment Plant

7 mgdComplete design, permitting, and construction services of wells, pipelines and 7-mgd RO treatment plant.

Alameda County, CA - Zone 7 Mocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant

6.1 mgdDesign of a 6.1-mgd RO treatment plant to remove salt accumulated in the Livermore-Amador Valley's groundwater basin and provide potable water to the Agency's customers.

Lee County Utilities, FL - Pinewoods WTP NF WTP Rehabilitation and Brackish RO Expansion

5.6 mgdResponsible for the design and permitting of all facilities, which included rehabilitated NF equipment, RO process building, degasifier and odor scrubber system, and ground storage tank.

Irvine Ranch Water District, CA - Well 21 and 22 RO WTP

4.4 mgdOwner's representative for the design-build delivery of a new 4.4-mgd RO treatment plant.

Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority, FL - Progressive DB Services for Seawater Treatment Facilities

4 mgdDesign a 4 mgd seawater WTP for the lower Florida Keys. Delivery method -progressive design build. Carollo is the design engineer.

City of Santa Barbara, CA - Seawater Desalination Plant Reactivation Project

3 mgdPreliminary design, permitting, environmental review, and Owner’s Agent/Advisor services through contracting and construction and operation for the reactivation of this plant.

South Island Public Service District, SC - RO WTP Expansion

3 mgdDesign and construction services for a plant expansion from 1.5 to 3 mgd.

Chino Desalter Authority, CA - Chino II Desalter Concentrate Treatment Plant

2.3 mgdDesign and construction services of a concentrate treatment plant consisting of pellet softening, media filtration, and secondary RO.

Carmel Area Wastewater District, CA - Salinity Management Project

2 mgdOwner's representative for the design-build delivery of a new MF/RO treatment plant delivering reclaimed water for golf course irrigation.

Arizona Department of Administration, AZ - Lewis Prison Complex EDR WTP

1.35 mgdDesign and construction services for the water supply at the Arizona State Prison Lewis Complex.

Cambria Community Services District, CA - Seawater Desalination Plant

1.2 mgdDesign and permitting services for a new seawater desalination plant with a beach intake and injection well.

State of California Department of Corrections, CA - RO WTP and Brine Disposal System

0.8 mgdDesign and construction services for an RO treatment plant with a vapor compression brine concentrator and 4 acres of lined evaporation ponds for concentrate disposal.

City of Dell City, TX - EDR WTP100,000

gpdFeasibility study, followed by design and construction for the installation of a new 100,000 gpd EDR plant.

Key Achievements

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The project profiles on the following pages present highlights of Carollo’s key achievements in desalination and membrane softening for drinking water. These examples illustrate our ability to:

• Implement innovative technologies to improve process design and performance.

• Integrate engineering and research to achieve practical solutions tailored to specific client needs.

• Involve project participants early in the process to “demystify” advanced technology and fully understand each other’s needs.

• Offer advanced solutions that are practical, affordable, and reliable.

We would be happy to provide client references that can attest to the quality and responsiveness of Carollo’s services upon request.

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Representative Desalination and Membrane Softening Projects D

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Project Elements

Client/Project

Miami-Dade County, FL - Preston-Hialeah WTP Improvements

Collier County, Naples, FL - Northeast Regional WTP

Alameda County, Livermore, CA - Zone 7 Groundwater Demineralization Plant

Lee County Utilities, Fort Myers, FL - North Lee County RO WTP Rehabilitation and Expansion

Lee County Utilities, Fort Myers, FL - Pinewoods NF WTP Rehabilitation and Brackish RO Expansion

Chino Desalter Authority, Ontario, CA - Chino II Concentrate Reduction Facility

Jordan Valley Water Conservancy District, West Jordan, UT - Southwest Groundwater Treatment Project

Magna Water Company, Magna, UT - Barton Wellfield WTP

Florida Water Services/City of Palm Coast, FL - RO Membrane Softening WTP Expansion

San Antonio Water Systems (SAWS), TX - Brackish Groundwater Pilot Study

Mesa Consolidated Water District, Costa Mesa, CA - Colored Water Treatment Facility

Irvine Ranch Water District, CA - Wells 21 & 22 RO Treatment Plant

South Island Public Service District, Hilton Head, SC - RO WTP Expansion

Central Arizona Water Conservation District, Phoenix AZ - Brackish Groundwater Treatment and Brine Disposal Study

Arizona State Prison, Phoenix, AZ - Lewis Complex Water System Improvements

State of California, Department of Corrections, CA - Deuel Vocational Institute - RO WTP and Brine Disposal System

City of Dell City, TX - EDR System Improvements

Affordable Desalination Collaboration, Port Hueneme, CA - Affordable Desalination Demonstration Project

City of Santa Barbara, CA - Seawater Desalination Plant Reactivation Project

City of Santa Barbara, CA - Subsurface Desalination Intake Feasibility Study

Water Research Foundation, Denver, CO - Seawater Intake Systems for Desalination Plants

WateReuse Foundation, Alexandria, VA - Investigation of Regional Solutions for Disposing of Concentrate

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix, AZ - Western Canal Brackish Water Pilot Study

Water Research Foundation, Denver, CO - Desalination Product Water Recovery and Concentrate Volume Minimization

Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts/Santa Clarita Valley Sanitation District, CA - Valencia Advanced Water Treatment Facility

City of San Diego, CA - North City Pure Water Facility


After analysis of treatment alternatives, WASD directed Carollo to design the world’s largest NF facility (165 mgd). Carollo tailored the design to meet all treatment requirements while controlling capital costs, retaining flexibility for future cost savings, limiting operator burden, and controlling O&M costs. Carollo used its 3D design capabilities to facilitate review meetings with WASD managers and regulators, while improving quality of drawing production.

The design includes flexibility to operate at recoveries between 85 and 93 percent. Validation testing supports effective system operation across this range. Benefits of enhanced recovery include:

• Efficient use of limited source water.

• Minimized life-cycle costs.

• More economical than the development of alternative water supplies.

The results of Carollo’s design evaluations is a design that addresses WASD’s reliability requirements, while at the same time minimizing energy usage, optimizing water quality, and facilitating more robust operations and maintenance capability.

The Miami-Dade County Water and Sewer Department (WASD) 225-mgd Hialeah and Preston Water Treatment Plants treat raw water from a combination of four groundwater wellfields, including the Northwest Wellfield (NWWF). Nearby mining activities may trigger the reclassification of the NWWF from groundwater to groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDI). This potential reclassification has significant implications for the plants by requiring the existing facilities to meet more stringent treatment standards than were originally intended. Portions of the existing softening treatment facilities date back from the mid-1920s to the most recent additions in the early 2000s. Initial analysis by Carollo found that constructing the required treatment upgrades at the NWWF reduced costs and community impacts as compared to constructing all the required upgrades within the existing Preston and Hialeah plant fence lines.

MIAMI-DADE COUNTY, MIAMI, FLORIDAHialeah and Preston GWUDI Process Upgrades

HIGHLIGHTS

World’s largest NF facility design (165 mgd).

Flexibility to operate at recoveries up to 93 percent.

3D design expedited review meetings and production of drawings.

Carollo is designing the world’s largest NF facility (165 mgd), which will include the flexibility to operate at an aggressive 93-percent recovery.


COLLIER COUNTY, NAPLES, FLORIDANortheast Regional Water Treatment Plant

On a site that is currently an orange grove, Carollo is designing a new 15-mgd (ultimate 40-mgd) water treatment plant and new 2-mgd (ultimate 6-mgd) water reclamation facility in addition to common utility administration, lab, and training facilities.

Carollo was selected to provide design and construction phase services for a new RO treatment plant that will be expanded to 40 mgd over three phases. The RO plant will be co-located with a new 6-mgd wastewater treatment plant, also designed by Carollo, and will share common power generation/distribution, injection well, and administrative facilities. Key components of the RO treatment plant design include:

• 10-mgd (initial) brackish RO capacity with energy recovery.

• 5-mgd (initial) anion exchange treatment of surficial groundwater, used for blending.

HIGHLIGHTS

$85 million estimated construction cost.

Brackish RO with innovative pressure exchanger for energy recovery.

Design incorporates staff’s experience to prevent corrosion and noise and facilitate easier operation and maintenance.

• 30-mgd (initial, 80-mgd final) finished water pumping facility.

• Two 7.5-million-gallon ground storage tanks.

• Noise abatement (e.g., centralization, isolation, etc.) measures so that the plant will fit into the residential neighborhood.

• Medium voltage (2480-volt) power to facilitate standby power of remote wells from a centralized power generation facility common to the wells, water and wastewater treatment plant.

To start the design Carollo held a series of workshops with plant staff to identify what they liked and did not like about their two existing 20-mgd RO treatment plants. Corrosion, noise, and ease of maintenance were key elements that were identified as areas requiring improvement. To address these issues, Carollo has identified alternate materials of construction, methods for controlling corrosive hydrogen sulfide vapors, and isolated noise from the common work areas within the treatment plant. Furthermore, Carollo studied and identified common maintenance issues at the County’s two existing RO plants and incorporated methods for preventing the cause of

the maintenance issue, or design means for the maintenance procedure to be completed more efficiently.


ALAMEDA COUNTY, LIVERMORE, CALIFORNIAMocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant

Zone 7 services as the overall water quality management agency for the Alameda Creek Watershed north of Niles in Northern California. Zone 7 has primary responsibility for management of the Livermore Amador Valley surface and groundwater resources. It has historically managed the main groundwater basin by maximizing surface water deliveries, recharging the basin with low total dissolved solids (TDS) surface water, restricting groundwater pumping, and restricting wastewater disposal within the watershed.

The Mocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant is located on a 1.5-acre parcel in a residential area.

The Mocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant is one element of Zone 7’s Salt Management Plan, which is intended to reverse the salt build-up in the main groundwater basin. Zone 7 hired Carollo to provide conceptual, design and construction phase engineering services for a demineralization plant that will remove up to 6,000 tons/year of salt from the groundwater basin. Treated water will be provided back to the public as potable water.

During the conceptual design phase, Carollo evaluated:

• Three treatment alternatives: EDR, NF, and RO.

• Brine disposal options: connecting to an existing export pipeline, evaporation ponds, deep wells.

• Wellhead treatment plant siting alternatives.

Carollo conducted these evaluations with a significant level of stakeholder involvement. Principal stakeholders included Zone 7 management, engineering and operations staff, the City of Pleasanton, and water retailers within Zone 7’s service area.

The Mocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant produces 6.1-mgd of RO treated water. The facility is located on a 1.5-acre parcel in a residential area. The project included 2,200 feet of 28-inch diameter HDPE well field piping with two jack and bore roadway crossings. Operational in 2009, the project cost was $24 million.

HIGHLIGHTS

Design and construction-phase services for a demineralization project to remove 6,000 tons/year of salt from the groundwater.

Brine disposal and treatment process evaluation.

$24-million facility construction in a residential area.

This project received the 2012 Southwest Membrane Operator Association Membrane Treatment Plant of the Year Award.


HIGHLIGHTS

Rehabilitation of NF WTP and expansion with RO to 5.6 mgd.

Design/build project delivery.

Engineering design services schedule of 4 months.

6 mg/L of iron in raw water with no iron removal process before the NF membranes.

LEE COUNTY UTILITIES, FORT MYERS, FLORIDAPinewoods Nanofiltration WTP Rehabilitation and Brackish Reverse Osmosis Expansion

Due to increases in potable water demands in the Pinewoods service area and limited fresh water resources, Lee County Utilities wished to rehabilitate and expand their existing NF membrane WTP that has been operating since 1990. The Pinewoods WTP was originally designed and built by a developer to treat water from the Surficial and Sandstone Aquifers. Lee County Utilities purchased the Pinewoods WTP in July 1998 and took over plant operation in July 2003. Carollo was hired to provide design/build engineering services for:

• The rehabilitation of the NF WTP, expanding it from 2.1 to 2.3 mgd.

• Expansion by adding 3 mgd of RO from the brackish Hawthorne Aquifer.

Carollo provided engineering services for the design/build RO expansion and rehabilitation of the Pinewoods WTP.

Lee County Utilities elected to rehabilitate and expand the Pinewoods WTP with a design/build delivery method to select the design/build contractor and engineering team based upon qualifications. Carollo, in association with Harn R/O Systems, was determined to be the most qualified design/build team based upon the high quality and high praise of their previous work together.

Engineering services for this challenging 18-month project schedule were to be completed in only 4 months. Carollo was responsible for the design and permitting of all facilities, which included rehabilitated NF equipment, a new RO process building, a new degasifier and odor scrubber system, a new 1-MG ground storage tank, standby power, and complete rehabilitation of the high service pump station, which was required to remain operable while construction improvements were being made.


HIGHLIGHTS

Design added energy recovery and eliminated sulfuric acid, which saves up to $784,000 per year.

Progressive design/build delivery.

Challenging project schedule with substantial completion in 15 months.

LEE COUNTY UTILITIES, FORT MYERS, FLORIDANorth Lee County Water Treatment Plant Rehabilitation and Expansion

The North Lee County RO WTP (NLC WTP) was constructed in response to the need for additional capacity in the Lee County Utilities’ (LCU) northern service area. LCU began operating the NLC WTP in October 2006 and since that time has faced several challenges that have resulted in the inability to meet nameplate capacity. The causes for this include:

• Changes in feed water quality.

• Irreversibly fouled RO membranes.

• Process control deficiencies.

• Undersized RO feed pumps.

Carollo designed energy recovery into the North Lee County RO WTP as part of the facility’s rehabilitation and expansion project.

This project won the 2012 Florida Section Design-Build Institute of America (DBIA) Award for Water/Wastewater projects.

Additionally, several other deficiencies were identified by the LCU staff, including:

• Undersized or inadequately controlled infrastructure to support expanded plant flows.

• Reliability concerns pertaining to:

� Corroded equipment.

� Maintainability of chemical injectors.

� The adequacy of sulfide removal.

Carollo was selected to provide design and construction phase engineering services for the progressive-design/build delivery of the expansion of this facility to 10-mgd. As part of the design, Carollo addressed the hydraulic issues by increasing RO feed pump sizes from 75 to 250 HP and redesigning the existing and new RO trains to reduce feed pressure. An innovative turbine assisted motorized interstage booster pump was included in both the new and rehabilitated RO train designs to recover wasted energy from the concentrate stream. Reliability concerns were addressed by improving the control and chemical feed systems, eliminating sulfuric acid and providing enhanced sulfide removal by adding carbonic acid to the degasifier feed water. In all, Carollo’s design for this $16.9-million project reduces operating costs by as much as $784,000 per year.


HIGHLIGHTS

Design and construction-phase services for a desalination project that improves the sustainability of the Inland Empire Brine Line by removing 5925 tons/year of salts and sludge from the Chino II Desalter’s concentrate stream.

Brine reduction and treatment.

$48-million project built in an industrial area.

CHINO BASIN DESALTING AUTHORITY, CALIFORNIAChino II Concentrate Reduction Facility

The Chino Basin Desalter Authority (CDA) is responsible for managing the production, treatment, and distribution of potable water to cities and water agencies throughout the Chino Basin region. The CDA uses reverse osmosis to purify brackish groundwater extracted from the lower Chino Basin and distributes the drinking water to its member agencies. This provides a reliable water supply and manages groundwater quantity and quality in the region.

The Chino II Concentrate Reduction Facility (CRF) is intended to reduce the amount of brine and salt that enters the Inland Empire Brine Line (IEBL), and provides more potable water for the region. The CDA hired Carollo to provide design and construction phase engineering services for the CRF project.

The Chino II Concentrate Reduction Facility treats the waste stream from the nearby Chino II Desalter with softening and secondary reverse osmosis technology. This produces 1.21 mgd of potable water and prevents 834 tons per year of

sludge and 5091 tons per year of calcium carbonate from precipitating inside and plugging the IEBL, thereby improving the reliability and sustainability of the IEBL into the future. The project utilizes energy recovery turbines to offset power usage, and pellet reactors that create industrial quality calcium carbonate pellets that are sold to a nearby limestone supplier. The $48-million facility began operations in 2017.

Energy recovery turbines convert excess pressure into electrical energy, and reduce the plants energy costs.

The 1.21-mgd RO plant helps reduce contaminants from entering the Pacific Ocean.


HIGHLIGHTS

$45-million project funded by a state trust.

Complete design, permitting, and construction services for wells, pipelines, and 7-mgd RO treatment plant.

“The most significant groundwater clean-up project in the country today.” – USEPA (2001)

JORDAN VALLEY WATER CONSERVANCY DISTRICT, WEST JORDAN, UTAHSouthwest Groundwater Treatment Project

Carollo was selected to provide engineering services for the design, permitting, and construction of a new 7-mgd RO treatment plant, associated groundwater well fields, raw water conveyance pipelines, and RO by-product disposal system. This $75-million project is funded by a state trust to remediate sulfate contaminated groundwater, which resulted from nearby mining activities. The Jordan Valley Water Conservancy District will own, operate, and provide potable water back to the public from this damaged groundwater resource.

Carollo’s involvement in this project spans back to the Spring of 2000, when we were first hired to demonstrate the feasibility and cost benefits of RO technology. Upon successful completion of these activities, Carollo assisted the District with RO by-product disposal permitting, which ultimately resulted in the planned disposal system to the Great Salt Lake.

Carollo provided design and construction phase services for a new 7-mgd groundwater RO water treatment plant.

Carollo’s services associated with the Southwest Groundwater Treatment Project consists of the following elements:

• 7-mgd RO treatment plant.

� 3.5 mgd of sulfate-contaminated groundwater RO.

� 2.3 mgd of shallow, riverbank filtration RO.

� 1.2 mgd of shallow riverbank filtration bypass (UV treatment).

• Eight sulfate contaminated groundwater wells.

• Four shallow groundwater, riverbank filtration wells.

• 52,800 feet of sulfate-contaminated groundwater conveyance pipeline.

• 10,000 feet of shallow groundwater conveyance pipeline.

• 11,000 feet of finished water pipeline.

• RO by-product disposal system:

� 137,000 feet of pipeline and pump station.

� Outfall to the Great Salt Lake.

• This project began in March 2012.


HIGHLIGHTS

$21-million EDR treatment plant to remove perchlorate, arsenic, and TDS.

Biological treatment of EDR concentrate to destroy perchlorate.

Helped procure funding from USEPA and Water Research Foundation to off-set project costs.

MAGNA WATER COMPANY, MAGNA, UTAHBarton Wellfield Water Treatment Plant

Magna Water Company, which provides potable water to approximately 28,000 customers in northwest Salt Lake County, UT, has been affected by perchlorate and arsenic contamination of its groundwater supplies. Carollo was retained to provide engineering services related to funding assistance, pilot testing, and design, as well as construction management of a new 15.4-mgd treatment plant that uses EDR for removal of TDS, perchlorate, and arsenic.

Carollo’s designed a 6.0-mgd EDR treatment system. The EDR system’s product water is blended with off-site well water to produce a total of 15.4 mgd. Blending is controlled to produce water with arsenic less than the regulatory requirement of 10 ppb. The blended water is further treated with chlorine to provide disinfection. The plant design included a 150-lb chlorine gas feed system, a high service pump station, incorporation of the EDR treatment system including feed pumps, prefilters and the EDR units, a 150,000-gallon welded steel

Carollo provided pilot testing, design, and construction management services for a new 15.4-mgd EDR treatment plant.

feed tank, a 500,000-gallon welded steel product tank, and chemical facilities for cleaning the EDR membranes.

The waste or concentrate stream from the EDR unit is discharged to the sanitary sewer located onsite. The concentrate/sewer stream travels to the WWTP, where the EDR concentrate is blended with municipal wastewater and treated in a fixed-bed bioreactor that Carollo designed (and patented) to biologically destroy perchlorate. The new 6-mgd WWT train consists of an influent lift station, new headworks including step screens and grit removal, an equalization tank, and fixed-bed biological reactors (BIOBROx).

The total cost for construction of this project was $21 million and was completed in January 2009.


HIGHLIGHTS

Design/build project completed in 15 months.

State-of-the-art technology that greatly improves operational performance and costs.

Upgrades to the NF feed pumping system with VFDs.

Addition of interstage booster pumps to the membrane equipment.

Received the 2005 Southeast Desalting Association Membrane Plant of the Year Award.

FLORIDA WATER SERVICES/CITY OF PALM COAST, FLORIDA

Florida Water Services (FWS) sold their assets to the City of Palm Coast during the time period of this project. The City of Palm Coast has been operating its 2-mgd NF membrane water treatment plant since July 1992. In the past, it has been used to remove hardness, color, iron, and disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors. Due to increases in potable water demands in the Palm Coast service area and limited fresh water resources, the City needed to expand the plant’s capacity to 6 mgd, and eventually to the ultimate capacity of 9.6 mgd.

Carollo provided engineering design and permitting services for the design/build delivery of the Palm Coast Membrane Softening Plant expansion. The design/build team consisted of Harn R/O Systems, Inc., and MacMahon Contracting, Inc. The project was fast-tracked to implement these upgrades in the face of increasing water demands.

Carollo’s design updated the Palm Coast NF plant with state-of-the-art technology that greatly improves operational performance and costs. Value-added engineering services included upgrades to the NF feed pumping system with variable frequency drives (VFDs), as well as the addition

“Carollo has stayed on-time and on-budget while delivering a value-added design. Design innovations offered by Carollo also promise to save FWS over $100,000 per year in O&M savings due to the addition of VFDs and interstage booster pumps.

Without hesitation, we recommended Carollo Engineers and would like to use their services again for future work.”

Robert J. Leetch, P.E. Assistant Vice President of Engineering

Florida Water Services

Carollo provided engineering services for the fast-track, design/build expansion project for the Palm Coast NF Water Treatment Plant.

Reverse Osmosis Membrane Softening Water Treatment Plant Expansionof interstage booster pumps to the membrane equipment. Both of these improvements will improve system performance in terms of hydraulic balance and water quality.

Improved hydraulics balance reduces the overall operating costs of this facility by reducing the electrical power consumed and potentially limiting membrane fouling by reducing lead membrane element flux rates. Energy cost savings alone are estimated to be $30,000 per year for the Phase II expansion, and $45,000 per year for the Phase III expansion, with other efficiencies providing considerable additional savings. Additional upgrades were implemented to the chemical feed, degasification, and high-service pumping equipment.


HIGHLIGHTS

Successful RO operation without iron removal.

Developed demonstration scale data to support the development of a future 25-mgd RO treatment plant.

Recoveries ranging from 85 to 90 percent successfully demonstrated.

SAN ANTONIO WATER SYSTEM, SAN ANTONIO, TEXASBrackish Groundwater Desalination Pilot Study

The San Antonio Water System (SAWS) has historically depended on the Edwards Aquifer as its primary water supply. Passage of Senate Bill 1477 in 1993, and subsequent legislation and litigation, established limits on the quantity of water that SAWS is able to withdraw from the Edwards Aquifer. These limits have presented significant challenges to SAWS in the context of meeting existing and projected water demands. In response to this challenge, SAWS has identified several water supply projects to supplement the Edwards Aquifer supply and help meet future demands, including brackish groundwater desalination (BGD).

Carollo completed demonstration scale RO testing to meet the requirements of TCEQ.

SAWS began implementation of a multi-phase BGD evaluation in 2005. Prior phases have focused on the general feasibility of BGD, followed by detailed hydrogeological evaluations. For Phase 3 of the BGD evaluation, SAWS hired Carollo to conduct a demonstration- scale pilot study. The objective of Phase 3 was to:

• Demonstrate the feasibility of RO for treating the available brackish groundwater, which has elevated concentrations of iron.

• Develop sufficient pilot study data for SAWS to implement a full-scale BGD facility during subsequent phases of the work.

• Meet the requirements of TCEQ for membrane pilot testing.

Carollo demonstrated the operation of the RO process under a variety of conditions, which included both removing iron and keeping the iron dissolved. Iron was not a problem when iron was kept in the dissolved form. However, when iron was oxidized and removal (pretreatment filters) was practiced, increased iron fouling of the RO membrane resulted. Recoveries ranging from 85 to 90 percent were also demonstrated successfully.


HIGHLIGHTS

8.6-mgd NF treatment system operating at 98-percent recovery.

Challenging design around existing facilities with a small footprint.

Designed for ultimate expansion to 17.3 mgd.

MESA CONSOLIDATED WATER DISTRICT, COSTA MESA, CALIFORNIAColored Water Treatment Facility

Mesa Consolidated Water District’s (Mesa) primary purpose is to manage and deliver water and water-related services to approximately 23,500 customers within an 18-square mile area, which includes the City of Costa Mesa, parts of Newport Beach, and unincorporated areas of Orange County. Since 1984, colored water has been an important source of water for Mesa. As the costs for imported water continue to rise and are expected to exceed $1,000/AF in the future, expanding Mesa’s colored water treatment capacity will benefit the District’s customers while reducing the strain on increasingly limited Southern California water supplies.

The existing Colored Water Treatment Facility (CWTF) became operational in 2001 and has a 5.8-mgd capacity. It was designed for an ultimate capacity of 17.3 mgd. The level of color in the source water has increased from 120 color units to over 170 color units, and as the color continues to increase, the color removing limit of the current ozone/biological treatment systems has been reached. Carollo designed Mesa’s 8.6-mgd color removal NF plant to

fit within an existing treatment plant site.

Carollo was hired to provide design and construction-phase engineering services for a replacement treatment system consisting of an 8.6-mgd NF system, which may be further expanded to 17.3-mgd in the future. The project is known as the CWTF Replacement and Expansion Project. Specific project challenges included:

• NF system recovery operating at 98 percent.

• Small project site, which included constructing around existing treatment facilities.

• Project schedule, which requires limiting the construction to an 18-month schedule so that supplemental water only needs to be purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California for one summer.

The project was completed in May 2012 and is estimated to cost $20 million.


HIGHLIGHTS

Evaluated treatment and blending options to meet nitrate, TDS, and hardness goals.

Developed design/build procurement documents.

Owner’s representative for design/build of a 4.4-mgd RO treatment plant.

IRVINE RANCH WATER DISTRICT, IRVINE, CALIFORNIAWells 21 & 22 RO Treatment Plant

The Irvine Ranch Water District (IRWD) provides potable water to 333,000 residents in southern and central Orange County. Approximately 35 percent of this water is imported, with the remaining 65 percent coming from the extensive network of groundwater wells within its service area. To reduce its dependence on imported water, IRWD is seeking to rehabilitate and treat water from two additional wells, Wells 21 and 22. These wells were first constructed in the 1980s, but were abandoned in

Carollo used a dynamic mass balance and treatment model to track nitrate, TDS, and hardness across multiple treatment scenarios.

favor of the abundance of the (then) much cheaper imported water. With the uncertainty of the future of imported water, IRWD chose to rehabilitate these wells and include them in its local supply. Water quality sampling and analysis revealed that these wells exceed IRWD’s standards for nitrate, TDS, and hardness.

Carollo developed treatment concepts that would achieve the desired water quality in a cost-effective manner. To accomplish this, Carollo developed a dynamic blending and treatment flow and mass balance model. The model included four sources of water and tracked the resulting nitrate, TDS, and hardness, as the water was treated through a variety of treatment processes and subsequently blended in a variety of fashions. The model facilitated the selection of RO as the most cost-effective treatment alternative to allow IRWD to maximize use of water from these wells.

Following process selection, Carollo was further engaged to develop the technical components of design/build procurement documents. Carollo, in concert with a partner firm, developed the documents with enough detail so as to provide IRWD leverage to get a quality project from the design/builder and normalize the bids to the desired standard of care. In addition to standard specifications, these documents included detailed process instrumentation and piping diagrams where all the pipe materials and sizes were identified, a detailed site plan, architectural elevations, a hydraulic profile, and SCADA block diagram.

The Well 21/22 Desalter 4.4-mgd of RO treated water (6.3 mgd total with raw water blending) and is estimated to cost $39 million, funded in part by a $12-million Title XVI grant administered by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Construction was completed in the 4th quarter of 2012.


HIGHLIGHTS

Plant expansion from 1.5 to 3.0 mgd due to recent State limitations on the use of Floridian Aquifer water.

Plant expansion maximizes the use of the deep, geothermal and brackish cretaceous well supply.

Carollo to provide permitting, design, and construction-phase services.

SOUTH ISLAND PUBLIC SERVICE DISTRICT, HILTON HEAD, SOUTH CAROLINAReverse Osmosis Treatment Plant Expansion

The South Island Public Service District (SIPSD) retained Carollo to provide engineering services related to the expansion of their RO treatment plant in Hilton Head, SC. The SIPSD has been operating their RO treatment plant since 2001 and due to recent limitations on the use of fresh Floridan Aquifer water imposed by the State, the SIPSD has decided to expand the RO plant from 1.5 to 3 mgd, maximizing the use of their deep, geothermal and brackish Cretaceous well supply. The initial process consisted of a plate-and-frame heat exchanger/cooling tower process, followed by RO. The heat exchanger/cooling tower process reduces the Cretaceous well temperature from

Brackish, geothermal well water is cooled from 122oF to 104oF by a heat exchanger/cooling tower process.

Carollo provided engineering services for the expansion of the SIPSD’s RO

treatment plant from 1.5 to 3 mgd.

122°F to 104°F. The RO process operates at a recovery rate of 80 percent.

Prior to expanding the RO treatment plant, Carollo first needed to negotiate a new NPDES permit for discharging additional RO by-product water into the environmentally sensitive Calibogue Sound. Toxicity testing has recently proven troublesome to the SIPSD, and Carollo first demonstrated to the State that the nature of this failure was due to naturally occurring constituents that are not regulated (i.e., common ion toxicity, or ion imbalance toxicity). Additionally, CORMIX modeling was performed, demonstrating infinite dilution at the point of discharge.

In concert with the permitting effort, Carollo completed the design services related to the expansion of the plant capacity. Additional heat exchanger and cooling tower capacity was required for redundancy. Carollo also evaluated the maximization of the use of the existing RO equipment. Plant electrical and mechanical audits were prepared to determine if the existing infrastructure can support the additional capacity.

Carollo prepared designs, specifications, and contract documents for the equipment related to the expanded capacity. Construction-phase services were also provided.


HIGHLIGHTS

Evaluation of RO, NF, and EDR for treatment of brackish groundwater.

Concentrate management master plan for a 30,000-AFY facility.

Decision process included identification and responses to stakeholder input.

CENTRAL ARIZONA WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT, PHOENIX, ARIZONA

The Central Arizona Water Conservation District (CAWCD) wishes to develop brackish groundwater as a means to meet future demands in its three-county service area. Brackish groundwater in the Goodyear/Buckeye area of the Phoenix metropolitan valley was identified as an ideal source due to the productivity of the Upper Alluvial Aquifer. CAWCD subsequently hired Carollo to evaluate the feasibility of a 30,000-AFY groundwater treatment plant.

Carollo implemented a decision-making process to evaluate treatment and brine management feasibility that involved:

• Define project parameters: determine which treatment technology is mot efficient for the identified groundwater quality.

• Define decision making climate: identify stakeholders and their values to help guide treatment and brine disposal selection.

• Identify viable brine management options: determine which brine management options are feasible for a 30,000 AFY project in the Goodyear/Buckeye area.

• Conceptual design: prepare conceptual level designs and cost estimates.

• Grading and ranking options: evaluate and rank treatment and brine management options based upon stakeholder values.

Carollo identified viable treatment and brine management options using a stakeholder informed decision-making process.

Brackish Groundwater Treatment and Brine Management Feasibility StudyCarollo’s work identified RO to be the best primary treatment process. Viable and potentially viable brine management options were identified and included beneficial reuse of brine as cooling water, volume minimization with chemical precipitation, staged irrigation, Vibratory Shear Enhanced Process (VSEP), and thermal technologies, as well as zero-discharge options, such as evaporations ponds and crystallizers. Based upon the screening performed, the most viable, reliable and cost-effective brine management options were developed into a conceptual design, these included:

• Beneficial reuse of brine as cooling water at the Palo Verde Nuclear Power Plant.

• Volume minimization with chemical precipitation, secondary RO, followed by thermal brine concentrators and finally evaporation ponds.

CAWCD plans to use the information generated from this planning study to help guide them through subsequent decision making and budgeting as they continue to move forward with their 30,000 AFY groundwater treatment plant.


Carollo was retained in mid-1996 by Arrington Watkins, the architects for the new Lewis State Prison Complex, as a subconsultant for the design of the required water supply and wastewater treatment facilities.

The water supply for the prison site is a brackish groundwater, with a TDS content of 2,000 to 2,500 parts per million (ppm). As such, desalination was required to meet drinking water standards. Initial studies resulted in the decision to use EDR for the water treatment process.

The design capacity for this treatment plant is 1.35 mgd. For reasons of reliability, and flexibility in production, three independently operating EDR process trains, of 450,000-gpd nominal capacity each, were installed.

The EDR equipment operates at a recovery rate of 80 to 85 percent. Most of the remaining concentrate water, amounting to 15 to 20 percent,

HIGHLIGHTS

Brackish groundwater supply was high in TDS; desalination was required to meet drinking water standards.

Initial studies determined the use of EDR as the most viable water treatment process.

Carollo designed the 1.35-mgd EDR treatment plant for the prison complex.

Carollo’s design also included a lined evaporation pond for concentrate disposal, two wells, and the wastewater treatment and reuse facilities.

ARIZONA STATE PRISON, PHOENIX, ARIZONALewis Complex Water System Improvements

is discharged to lined evaporation ponds of approximately 30 acres in size. A small amount of the concentrate from the EDR equipment is blended with effluent from the activated sludge wastewater treatment plant for landscape irrigation.

Additional components of the project included the design of two 1,200-gpm wells. They are reverse circulation rotary drilled 16-inch-diameter casing domestic water wells, with a depth of approximately 1,000 feet.


HIGHLIGHTS

Desalinate brackish groundwater with iron and manganese.

Zero-liquid-discharge brine disposal system.

Design of distribution system main, reservoir, and pump station.

STATE OF CALIFORNIA, DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS

The treatment plant's disposal system includes a zero-liquid-discharge brine concentrator and an evaporation pond.

Carollo was selected by the State of California Department of Corrections (CDC) to design an RO treatment plant, brine disposal system, and non-potable water distribution system improvements for their Deuel Vocational Institute, near Tracy, CA. The project provides an appropriate quantity and quality of potable water such that wastewater effluent discharge TDS concentrations are reduced to acceptable levels. Key project elements include the following:

• 0.6-mgd RO treatment plant.

• 200-gpm brine disposal system.

• Non-potable distribution main for irrigation that consists of 1,000 feet of pipeline, a 750,000-gallon storage tank, and a pump station.

The RO treatment plant treats high TDS groundwater with modest concentrations of iron and manganese. The treatment plant design did not include iron removal, but the well and groundwater conveyance system was designed to prevent air

Deuel Vocational Institute - RO WTP and Brine Disposal System

from entering the system, and keep the iron and manganese in solution (sulfuric acid will also be used).

The brine disposal system consists of a vapor compression brine concentrator and a 4-acre evaporation pond. The project cost was $26.5 million and the plant was operational in February 2009.


HIGHLIGHTS

Conversion from an older electrodialysis unit to a newer EDR process to treat high calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate well water.

EDR allows reasonable water recovery without chemical dosing.

Finished water from the EDR unit showed a sulfate concentration reduction of approximately 82 percent.

CITY OF DELL CITY, TEXASDell City EDR System Improvements

The small community of Dell City (population 570) is located in West Texas about 90 miles east of El Paso, near the Guadalupe Mountains. The water supply is from wells in a limestone formation and is, therefore, very high in calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate hardness. The TDS concentration of the well water may range from about 1,200 ppm to over 3,000 ppm.

Because of their high hardness well water, Dell City became interested early on in the then very new TDS reduction process called electrodialysis (ED). This process was developed in the late 1940s and early 1950s by Ionics, Incorporated of Watertown, MA. Upon hearing of this new TDS reduction process, the Mayor and City Council of Dell City decided to install one of these ED units in 1967. When Ionics later developed a significant improvement to the ED process, involving polarity reversal and flow stream switching, called electrodialysis reversal, Dell City replaced their unidirectional ED plant with a new EDR polarity reversal plant in 1976. This new Dell City EDR plant was one of the first municipal TDS reduction plants of this type installed in this country. By 1995, this existing EDR plant had become worn

The new EDR facility was started up in 1996 with excellent results.

out and become technically obsolete and required replacement.

Dell City retained Carollo to provide design specifications, and construction supervision for the installation of a new and more modern EDR plant. Ionics again furnished the new EDR equipment, and also served as general contractor under a negotiated contract with Dell City.

The EDR plant replacement at Dell City was funded by a $400,000 grant from the Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs (TDHCA) under the Texas Community Development Program.

The new EDR facility was started up in September 1996 with excellent results. The 1-year warranty inspection walk-through in September 1997 found the new EDR equipment in excellent, near-new condition. Water samples taken in December 1997 showed that the finished water from the EDR unit had a TDS of 355 ppm. The sulfate concentration in the finished water was about 100 ppm, versus about 560 ppm in the raw well water.


Carollo provided engineering services to the Affordable Desalination Demonstration Project (ADDP), funded by the Affordable Desalination Collaboration (ADC), CA. The ADC is a non-profit organization whose members include water utilities, manufacturers, and a consultant (Carollo) committed to contributing funds and resources to evaluate new, yet proven seawater desalination technology and to demonstrate that energy consumption rates for conversion of seawater can be much lower than the generally accepted standard of 10 to 14 kWh/kgal. Carollo’s engineering services included the following tasks:

• Development of a testing and data analysis protocol.

• Design and bid-phase services for the demonstration plant.

• Data interpretation and reporting.

The ADDP was hosted and staffed by the Naval Desalination Research Facility in Port Hueneme, CA. The ADC’s demonstration plant uses a unique combination of proven technologies and equipment to create an ultra-efficient seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) system. To determine the most affordable operating condition, Carollo’s test protocol required operating the demonstration plant using three

HIGHLIGHTS

Developed testing protocols and provided independent review of record low-energy consumption desalination process.

Demonstrated desalination energy consumption rates of 35 percent below those projected by experts for Southern California.

Achieved an industry-wide low-energy record of 5.9 kWh/kgal.

AFFORDABLE DESALINATION COLLABORATION, PORT HUENEME, CALIFORNIAAffordable Desalination Demonstration Project

The projected energy requirements with the ADC design are 40 to 50 percent less than expert projections for Southern California.

RecycleRO

50% of So. California’s water supply

kWh/kgal17.015.113.211.39.57.65.73.81.9

kWh/m34.54.03.53.02.52.01.51.00.50.0

Various Energy Requirements and the ADC

SWP(1) SWROCRA(2)

General Perception

“Industry Experts”

Test 1 most affordable pointADC Target Range (4)

1. SWP = California State Water Project2. CRA = Colorado River Aquaduct Project3. SWP numbers do not include distribution beyond Castaic Lake or treatment4. ADC target range does not include supply or distribution. I.e. RO process only5. Source: Water Sources Powering Southern California by Robert C. Wilkinson Ph.D., 01/04

different seawater RO membranes at 3 fluxes and 3 recoveries. Carollo’s protocol also set forth procedures on how to estimate costs and determine “affordability.” Key findings that resulted from this study included:

• An industry record low energy consumption for seawater desalination was established at 5.98 kWh/kgal.

• The lowest energy cost resulted at a flux of 6 gfd and a recovery of 42.5 percent.

• While energy plays an important role in total costs, capital costs determined the affordable operating condition (i.e., flux=9 gfd, 50-percent recovery). The highest recovery tested resulted in the lowest capital cost. However, at 6.5 kWh/kgal, energy consumption was still approximately 40 to 50 percent lower than the energy being used by industry experts for planning studies in Southern California.

• Based upon Carollo’s cost model, the costs for seawater desalination in California has been shown to be competitive with other new supply options, with costs ranging from $2.37 to $2.80/kgal ($772 to $913/AF).


HIGHLIGHTS

Owners representative for design-build-operate (DBO) contract.

Responsible for DBO contract development, Coastal permitting and CEQA Addendum.

Fast track $80-million project.

CITY OF SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA

The City of Santa Barbara constructed their seawater desalination plant as an emergency supply in response to a severe drought that depleted the City’s available water resources. Due to abundant rainfall since 1991, the plant remained in standby mode following the completion of the initial construction start-up testing period in June 1992. The desalination plant has remained an important and permanent part of the City’s long-term water supply plan and - in 2014, following 3 years of consecutive drought, the City began the process of reactivating the plant by hiring Carollo to provide program management services that included:

• Preliminary design to establish the scope of the reactivation work.

• Permitting and environmental review, including engineering and administration support of:

� CEQA addendum.

� Local coastal permitting for substantial conformance determination.

� California Coastal Commission Permitting for repair and maintenance activities at the City’s screened open ocean intake.

� An update to the City’s NDPES permit to update brine dilution modeling and include prior intake study findings into the existing permit.

• Cost estimating the work.

• Assistance preparing State Revolving Fund Loan application.

Seawater Desalination Plant Reactivation Project

• Design-build-operate (DBO) contract document preparation.

• Administration of the design-build (DB) contract during construction.

• On-site over-site of work during construction and commissioning.

• Contract administration services during the first year of operation.

Starting in 2017, the City’s reactivated desalination plant produces 3,125 AFY of desalinated water, which is approximately one-third of the City’s annual supply. Consistent with their Long-Term Water Supply Plan, the City will continue operating the plant as a drought-relief/drought-recovery facility, helping to restore reservoir and groundwater storage capacity.

Carollo assisted the City to fast-track permitting and administer a DBO Contract to reactivate their seawater desalination plant that provides one-third of the City’s water supply.


HIGHLIGHTS

Evaluated technical feasibility for six subsurface intake alternatives based on California Ocean Plan Requirements.

Presented findings to Independent Science Advisory Panel at public meetings.

Determined maximum yield for each alternative.

CITY OF SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA

Carollo performed a feasibility analysis of subsurface intake (SSI) technologies for the City of Santa Barbara as a means to replace their existing screened open ocean desalination plant intake. Alternatives included SSIs based on relevant precedent installations and the current state of the technology. Carollo’s work included a review of available literature to compare of potentially feasible alternatives, including vertical wells; lateral beach wells (onshore infiltration galleries); radial collector wells (Ranney wells); slant wells; subsurface infiltration galleries; and horizontal collector wells (Neodren). The analysis considered physical description, yield, water quality, regulatory requirements, construction impacts, reliability, and maintenance requirements.

The analysis also involved an evaluation of subsurface properties at each site to determine beach and shore area geologic and hydrogeologic properties, as well as hydrogeologic modeling

Subsurface Desalination Intake Feasibility Projectto determine individual facility yield, spacing, percentage of ocean water captured, groundwater and sensitive habitat impacts, and the potential to capture or mobilize groundwater contamination. In addition, hydrodynamic models provided a basis to analyze tsunami hazards and the potential for sediment transport.

Consistent for what would be required for new and expanded facilities, Carollo’s analysis included initial screening to determine technical feasibility prior to the consideration of CEQA level economic, environmental, and social factors.

The project used a technical advisory process to provide an independent, third-party review at key intervals throughout the project.

Results of the study presented the maximum yield technically feasible for SSI alternatives, and will provide a basis for future studies, such as an update to Santa Barbara’s Long-Term Water Supply Plan.

Carollo evaluated the technical feasibility of six subsurface intake alternatives to determine maximum yield in accordance with the California Ocean Plan criteria.


HIGHLIGHTS

Developed “state-of-the-science report” for ocean intakes.

Automated decision methodology platform helps walk the user through the decision process.

Survey of current intake practices.

WATER RESEARCH FOUNDATION, DENVER, COLORADOSeawater Intake Systems for Desalination Plants

Carollo worked in conjunction with TENERA Environmental and Collector Wells International of Layne Christensen Company on Foundation Project 4080, Seawater Intake Systems for Desalination Plants.

As coastal populations grow, traditional drinking water sources are struggling to keep up with new demands. Mining the ocean for drinkable water — seawater desalination — is gaining popularity as a potential water supply source, but it can only be used where the associated regulatory, ecological, and public relations challenges can be overcome. Of the three components of seawater desalination (intake, treatment, and concentrate discharge), intake location and design is often the most challenging aspect of the system in terms of technical strategy, regulatory challenges, and public perception.

These challenges are due, in part, to the relatively limited experience many managers and other decision-makers have with desalination technology; the fact that ocean intakes are uncommon facilities for traditional water agencies; and the lack of a methodology to share experiences, success stories, and lessons learned with other agencies. This study will distill and conceptualize the seawater intake implementation process into an easy-to-navigate picture of how to approach and manage planning and decision-making.

Because ocean intake planning and design is a complicated process, combining multiple disciplines and numerous stakeholders, the water industry needs an easy-to-navigate picture of how to approach and manage the planning and decision-making process. The objective of this project is to develop a user-friendly technical report summarizing the state-of-the-science on seawater desalination intake structures and methods.

The Carollo team produced two key deliverables to meet this challenge:

• A State-of-the-Science Report summarizing “what we know,” rules we have to follow, and interest groups with whom we have to (potentially) negotiate.

• An Ocean Intake Planning/Decision Tool that distills the information in the report and helps users navigate the planning process.

This work was supported by funds from the Foundation and the California Department of Water Resources and in-kind labor from the project team and participating utilities; the WateReuse Foundation and Sandia National Laboratories are also co-sponsors.

Foundation Project 4080 will study the issues associated with seawater desalination plant intake design and implementation.


Disposal and management of desalination process by-product water (i.e., concentrate) is a significant issue in desalting operations. A complex regulatory environment and questionable public acceptability make planning-level decisions uncertain. This level of uncertainty and potential impact to the safety, sustainability, and adequacy of our water supplies makes it very difficult to complete the planning process with a single option (for concentrate disposal) that has a clear cost, is acceptable, and has a reliable implementation timeline.

The objective of this study was to survey concentrate disposal and management practices and to develop a decision methodology for managers, regulators, and stakeholders to assess the viability of concentrate disposal options on a regional and local basis. The approach used in this report combines a survey of the feasible concentrate disposal options and the associated laws and environmental concerns with a decision methodology that walks the user through the

HIGHLIGHTS

Developed decision model to sort through regulatory, environmental, and public issues.

Completed a comprehensive survey of disposal options.

Carollo developed a decision methodology to help decision makers develop reliable concentrate management options.

WATEREUSE FOUNDATION, ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIAInvestigation of Regional Solutions for Disposing of Concentrate

thought process of selecting among the technically feasible treatment options to:

• Understand the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of the various options available.

• Determine which alternative(s) would be sound, defensible choice(s) for their desalting needs.

This decision methodology can be used to integrate local and regional planning, growth forecasts, and water resources availability to develop a regional water supply portfolio, which may include desalination. Using this decision process, options for concentrate disposal can be further assessed for viability based upon environmental impacts (e.g., regional salinity balance and safety of other impacted water supplies), sustainability, costs, and regulatory and public acceptability.


HIGHLIGHTS

Utilized three-stage, low-pressure RO to treat both surface water and groundwater.

When treating surface water, UF provided pre-treatment to stabilize the feedwater to the RO unit.

Future City of Phoenix Western Canal WTP will draw both brackish groundwater from the surrounding area and surface water from the Salt River Project Western Canal.

U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, PHOENIX, ARIZONAWestern Canal Brackish Water Pilot Study

The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation selected Carollo to receive funding as part of its Desalination and Water Purification Research and Development Program to evaluate treatment of two high TDS water supplies that could be used to meet the growing water demands for the City of Phoenix, Arizona. The project will ultimately lead to the development of a 120-mgd WTP that can be used to treat water from either the Western Canal (surface water) or the local high TDS groundwater. Key elements that challenge making this project a reality include:

A three-stage low-pressure RO pilot plant was used to evaluate desalting of Western Canal Water and Salt River Project brackish water.

• Designing a treatment plant that can be used for both groundwater and surface water treatment.

• Minimizing the production of concentrate from the RO process.

Carollo designed, procured, and operated a demonstration-scale pilot plant that was able to treat either groundwater or surface water supplies. During the surface water treatment portion of the study, the process consisted of both ultrafiltration (UF) and RO. However, the UF portion was not required when the plant was used to treat the high TDS groundwater supply.

The RO pilot plant that Carollo designed mimics a full-scale, three-stage process, capable of recoveries ranging from 85 to 94 percent. During the pilot study, Carollo tested the efficacy of scale inhibitors as the recovery was increased. Sustained recoveries of up to 90 percent were successfully demonstrated without fouling. However, when recovery was increased to within the range of 92 to 94 percent, irreversible fouling was observed.


HIGHLIGHTS

Literature review and international desalination survey.

Performance validation of innovative desalination approach and possible improvements.

Development of a guidance tool for selecting a viable desalting technology with improved recovery and/or lower concentrate volume.

The overall project objective is a state-of-science assessment and development of technologies for maximization of system energy recovery and minimization of concentrate volume. The study is organized in two phases. Phase I focuses on state-of-science assessment and the development of an innovative approach. Phase II focuses on the testing of the innovative approach. Key points of this research include:

• Literature Review and International Survey. Extensively document state-of-science of desalination technologies as well as promising and emerging technologies for recovery enhancement and concentrate management via literature reviews and international survey.

• Validate Innovative Approach and Possible Improvements. Perform bench- and pilot-scale tests of innovative approach to validate anticipated performance and conduct QA/QC functions.

Desalination Product Water Recovery and Concentrate Volume MinimizationWATER RESEARCH FOUNDATION, DENVER, COLORADO

Carollo is leading the industry in the development and application of innovative desalination technologies that reduce concentrate volume and disposal costs.

• Guidance Tool. Develop a guidance tool for the end user to select a viable desalting technology with improved recovery and/or decreased concentrate volume that may be preferred under specific site and geographic conditions.

To assure practical assessment and implementation of the work, our approach includes expert input and validation utilizing several distinguished desalination specialists, comparative testing of developing and emerging concepts based on available equipment, and input from large utilities and agencies.


HIGHLIGHTS

Developed “state of the science report” for ocean intakes.

Automated decision methodology platform helps walk the user through the decision process.

Survey of current intake practices.

Of the three components of a seawater desalination plant (intake, treatment, and brine disposal), intake location and design is often the most challenging aspect of the system in terms of technical strategy, regulatory challenges and public perception. These challenges are due, in part, to the relatively limited experience many managers and other decision makers have with desalination technology, the fact that ocean intakes are uncommon facilities for traditional water agencies, and the lack of a methodology to share experiences, success stories, and lessons with other agencies.

While it is important to have a clear understanding of what intake alternatives are technically feasible, it does not always mean that these options can be implemented. Ocean desalination projects often fail to become reality because ocean intake alternatives: 1) may adversely impact the environment (e.g., entrainment, impingement, sustainability, safety of other water sources); and/or 2) may not adequately address stakeholder values (e.g., water rates, water quality specifications, ecological issues).

Seawater Intake Systems for Desalination PlantsWATER RESEARCH FOUNDATION, DENVER, COLORADO

Carollo developed a user friendly decision tool to help guide users through the complex process of selecting an intake for seawater desalination plant.

Assessing Seawater Intake

Systems for Desalination Plants

Subject Area: Water Resources and Environmental Sustainability

The "best solution" is usually a negotiation between competing interests of providing a cost- and operations-optimized system with the needs of the local ecology and community's values.

The objective of this study was to develop a user decision methodology that can be used by managers, regulators, and stakeholders to assess the viability of various seawater intake options based upon these competing interests. This platform for this decision methodology is an automated database platform that leads the user through the decision process, answering questions and/or identifying data gaps where additional studies may be required. This automated decision methodology platform is linked to a "state of the science report" that Carollo developed, which helps the user easily access background information to help inform the decision process.


HIGHLIGHTS

7-mgd advanced water treatment facility design and construction services.

Brine minimization to 53,000 gpd.

Treatment process includes UV, MF, NF, and HERO.

The Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts (LACSD) and Santa Clarita Valley Sanitation District (SCVSD) have researched the least costly, most environmentally sound solution to meeting State mandates related to the levels of chloride (salt) in the Valley’s treated wastewater/sewerage discharged to the Santa Clara River. After various engineering studies and an extensive public comment period, the Board of Directors of the SCVSD successfully avoided fines by unanimously approving a Chloride (Salt) Compliance Project on October 28, 2013.

LACSD has retained Carollo to design a 7-mgd project to treat the Valley’s wastewater with UV disinfection (to avoid chloride contribution by chlorination/dechlorination) and microfiltration/reverse osmosis (MF/RO). A high recovery process is being designed to limit the brine produced by the RO process, resulting in less than 53,000 gpd of brine that would require off-site disposal.

LOS ANGELES COUNTY SANITATION DISTRICTS/SANTA CLARITA VALLEY SANITATION DISTRICT, CALIFORNIAValencia Advanced Water Treatment Facility

The Valencia ATWP blends desalinated water with secondary effluent to meet the chlorine goals in the Santa Clara River.

This $90-million project involves treatment of the Valencia Water Reclamation Plant’s secondary effluent to remove chlorides before the effluent is discharged to the Santa Clara River. Carollo was responsible for the design of the MF, nanofiltration (NF), and High Recovery Reverse Osmosis (HERO) process that treats 7 mgd of secondary effluent and produces less than 53,000 gpd of brine that is trucked to another District facility that has an ocean outfall.

Key services provided included:

• Advanced Treatment. Carollo designed the MF, NF, and HERO advanced processes that treat 7 mgd of secondary effluent.

• 3D Models. Carollo developed a complete 3D models of the entire facility, including the membrane building, chemical feed area, brine storage area, influent pump station, ion exchange area, and the MF backwash area.


HIGHLIGHTS

Design and construction services for a 34-mgd potable reuse facility.

Surface water augmentation.

Advanced water treatment process includes Ozone/BAF, MF, RO, UV/AOP.

Drawing upon our vast experience with potable reuse projects, Carollo delivered the final design of North City Pure Water Facility (NCPWF), the Pure Water Program’s premier project and the first project of its kind in California. The Pure Water San Diego Program will generate one third of San Diego’s potable water supply using recycled water by 2035. Carollo has completed the design of the first potable water reuse advanced water treatment plant in the program, the $367-million NCPWF, which will purify tertiary effluent from the North City Water Reclamation Plant (NCWRP) to meet the recently published (July 2017) Title 22 California Code of Regulations for surface water augmentation indirect potable reuse (IPR) to discharge to Miramar Reservoir.

While groundwater recharge IPR facilities have been in operation in California for decades, the NCPWF will be the first that augments surface water for potable reuse. NCPWF’s processes include ozone, biologically activated carbon (BAC), MF, RO, and UV advanced oxidation process (UV/AOP). Designed to produce 34 mgd, NCPWF will send 30 mgd to the Miramar Reservoir and 4 mgd back to NCWRP to reduce the TDS concentration in the chlorine

CITY OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIANorth City Pure Water Facility

contact tank effluent for downstream non-potable water reuse (irrigation). Because the Miramar Reservoir has the minimum allowable retention time for potable water reuse, the California Division of Drinking Water requires a total log removal of at least 14 virus, 12 Giardia, and 12 Cryptosporidum. To meet these stringent product water requirements, Carollo focused on improving process performance, reliability, and safety in the final design.

Through the implementation of several design refinements, Carollo was able to both improve NCPWF with enhanced safety and operational features and save the City well over $30 million in capital costs. As an example, Carollo’s efficient RO design eliminates the need for a basement and saves on otherwise expensive stainless steel piping. While maintaining all intended operational flexibility, Carollo eliminated an entire pump station by consolidating the three RO stages and their respective cartridge filter on each RO skid. Because the entire NCPWF site is extremely tight, innovative layouts of process equipment were modeled in 3D for optimization and to gain operator buy-in. With an incredibly fast-paced schedule, Carollo completed the final design in 11 months.

The NCPWF will be operational in 2023 and will help the City meet its goal to reduce reliance on imported water.

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Testing & Optimization Capabilities

Carollo has been involved in over 30 desalination projects across the U.S. We have performed pilot tests for 10 clients in just the last 5 years. Of these 10 projects, 7 progressed to the design phase.

PILOT TESTING CAPABILITIESCarollo maintains a fleet of RO/NF pilot equipment to conduct this work. These pilot plants are custom-designed by Carollo to screen membrane products and pretreatment chemicals and to develop reliable long-term data that will accurately portray the water quality and costs of the full-scale RO/NF process. Pilot testing can be used both as part of the design process and to optimize the operation of existing systems.

Proceed Upon Having the Facts — Project Approach

Phase of Project Percent of Cost Relative Duration

Water Quality Testing and Preliminary Process Review <1% Short

Preliminary Pilot Testing Membrane/Chemical Screening ~2% Short

Demonstration-Scale Testing ~3% Moderate

Preliminary Design ~2% Short

Design ~10% Moderate

Bidding <1% Short

Construction ~80% Long

Start-up <1% Moderate

Dec

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Carollo Research GroupThe Carollo Research Group (CRG) consists of engineers, scientists, and environmental experts with various backgrounds. This group is a company-wide resource whose purpose is to evaluate water quality and treatability, perform pilot testing, develop design criteria, assess regulatory concerns, perform operations audits, and work with Carollo design engineers to tailor design solutions to be practical, yet incorporate reliable innovations that produce cost-effective solutions. The CRG has performed over 20 large-scale pilot studies from coast-to-coast in the last 3 years.

Carollo has a wide array of analytical capabilities and maintains a laboratory facility in Boise, ID, that provides cost-effective analytical and bench-scale testing services for our clients. This laboratory also provides space for the manufacturing, storage, and maintenance of testing equipment and pilot plants. The primary benefits of our in-house laboratory and testing facility include customized testing and the rapid turnaround of basic process evaluations and water quality analyses. Ultimately, these benefits contribute to the development of cost-effective and timely studies that few of our competitors can match.

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PILOT-TESTING APPROACHCarollo’s standard approach to pilot testing RO minimizes the allocation of resources in the early phases of the project, providing the owner protection should desalination or membrane softening prove too costly. The flow diagram on he previous page illustrates the progression of a desalting or membrane softening project and a typical estimated

allocation of resources from conceptual planning through construction and start-up of a full-scale facility. At each point in the planning and pilot-testing process, the owner may decide whether to continue the project based on the results of each phase, minimizing cost if the project is not meeting objectives.

PILOT TESTING STEPS • Before considering pilot tests for RO or NF,

it is critical to have a thorough set of water quality data. The type of membrane process (i.e., RO or NF) and the cost of treatment will be greatly dependent upon the water quality. The table below lists the primary water quality constituents that are critical for engineers to have before developing a pilot testing program based on the most affordable treatment concept. Seasonal variations in quality should be assessed for surface water sources.

• Once the water quality is known, a preliminary assessment of the process (i.e., RO, NF, or EDR) can be made. Treatment by RO, NF, and EDR is well-understood and computer models can be used to approximate design criteria and costs before pilot testing. However, when developing new supplies, pilot testing must be performed for RO or NF to accurately portray finished water quality, post treatment design criteria, and costs associated with chemical cleaning and membrane replacement.

Carollo’s standard pilot testing approach protects the owner’s interests by minimizing upfront costs and risks.

• If RO or NF is selected, Carollo’s standard pilot testing approach is to screen membranes and pretreatment chemicals first, then perform a long-term demonstration-scale test to develop the most accurate and reliable water quality and operations cost data. Some studies have involved a preliminary screening of membranes using a bench-scale testing apparatus. If there is a finished water quality objective that is not standard for RO or NF, such as pesticide or herbicide removal, bench-scale testing should be performed first to determine what membrane products could meet the treatment objectives. This approach minimizes the allocation of pilot testing resources in the beginning of the project, providing further protection to the owner should RO or NF prove to not be viable. Single-element tests are used to screen membranes and pretreatment chemicals from various suppliers. This level of testing is fast and cost-effective and provides the owner protection by screening various membranes with pretreatment that will ultimately be included or excluded from contract documents used to procure the full-scale treatment system.

• Once acceptable sets of membrane products and pretreatment chemicals have been identified from single-element screening tests, demonstration-scale tests can be performed. This type of testing requires specifically designed equipment that mimics the performance and operation of the full-scale process. Only

Cations Anions GeneralCaMgNH4

NaK

BaSrFeAl

SO4

ClF

NO3

AlkalinitypH

TemperatureTDS

ConductivitySDI

TurbidityH2SSiO2

TOCColor

Water Quality Parameters Required to Assess Desalting

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equipment that is designed to have the same hydraulics as the full-scale system is capable of producing acceptable results.

Carollo’s demonstration-scale pilot plant has been used in previous studies to provide long-term data on cleaning frequency, membrane life and verification of feed pressures and energy costs that were previously estimated using models. This level of testing provides the owner and design engineer the most reliable information to ensure that the RO or NF treatment system that is designed and installed can be operated cost effectively.

ADDITIONAL USES AND BENEFITS OF PILOT TESTINGPilot testing can also be used as a tool for operator training and public relations. Carollo has assisted owners in developing a pilot testing program that is geared toward operator training. Such issues as data collection and interpretation and daily operations can be addressed through this type of program. Pilot testing equipment can also be housed in a public location. This provides customers the opportunity to see the equipment and read about the desalting process and its use in treatment of brackish, hard, or colored waters in helping water purveyors provide high-quality drinking water to an ever-growing population. Pilot equipment can be used as a bottled water station or as feed water to a park fountain. Some of Carollo’s clients have chosen to purchase their own pilot-scale equipment and continue to operate the bottled water/fountain stations after the full-scale facilities are completed.

Regardless of the desalting or membrane softening application, Carollo has the expertise and the project experience to help our clients successfully implement a pilot program as part of a full-scale RO or NF project. The following sections describe our NF and RO pilot equipment.

CAROLLO’S EQUIPMENTReverse Osmosis/Nanofiltration – Single-Element Pilot PlantCarollo’s single-element RO/NF pilot plant provides a fast, cost-effective way to screen membranes and pretreatment chemicals. For screening tests, where the results are not certain, the cost of the membranes and the rental fee for the two-stage demonstration-scale equipment is not justified. Cost-effective screening is accomplished with this pilot by using one membrane element, and simulated full-scale operational settings such as hydraulics and recovery.

Critical to the successful screening of membranes and pretreatment chemicals is an accurate simulation of the full-scale design conditions. Flux, recovery, and cross-flow velocities are important parameters in these evaluations and must represent full-scale conditions to provide an appropriate evaluation. The pilot plant is equipped with a programmable logic controller (PLC) system capable of controlling feed water pH, permeate water flow (i.e., flux), and recovery. Full-scale cross-flow conditions are created through concentrate stream recirculation, which provides adequate flow into and out of the membrane element. The system is also equipped with a data acquisition system that is accessible by remote telemetry.

Operation of the Equipment. A low-head feed water booster pump is provided, operating at

Carollo’s single-element RO/NF pilot plant provides a fast, cost-effective way to screen membranes and pretreatment chemicals.

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approximately 5 gpm at 30 to 60 psi. As water flows through the pilot plant, pretreatment chemicals (i.e., acid and scale inhibitor) are added and the water is passed through cartridge filters. Cartridge-filtered water is mixed with recycled concentrate water and the pressure is boosted using a high-pressure RO feed pump. Flows and pressures are metered at all critical locations. The permeate flow rate is controlled by metering the flow and varying the speed of the high-pressure pump variable frequency drive (VFD). The recovery is controlled by metering the concentrate flow rate and adjusting it with a control valve. A sample tap panel is provided to gather water from all points throughout the process. Manual flow measurements can be taken to verify electronic meter calibration.

Use of the Equipment. Carollo has used this pilot plant to screen membranes and to develop initial design criteria in Florida, Kansas, Missouri, South Carolina, and Utah. It is sufficiently flexible in design to be housed in filter galleries, maintenance sheds, and temporary storage trailers. An operations and maintenance (O&M) manual and a standard operating procedures (SOP) manual are available. Data spreadsheets are also available to generate report-quality graphics.

Reverse Osmosis/Nanofiltration – Demonstration-Scale Pilot PlantCarollo’s demonstration-scale RO/NF pilot plant is designed to simulate full-scale system operation and water quality. The demonstration plant is used to develop full-scale design criteria and operation costs. Membrane replacement frequency, chemical cleaning frequency, and membrane life are also determined through demonstration-scale testing with this equipment. Additionally, this pilot can be used to verify the accuracy of RO models that predict feed pressure and permeate water quality.

The demonstration-scale pilot plant is configured in a 2:1 array, with seven 4-inch-diameter elements per pressure vessel. This configuration can be used to simulate the operating conditions for brackish water

treatment and membrane softening applications at a product water recovery of up to 85 percent. The pilot system is equipped with a PLC system capable of controlling feed water pH, total permeate water flow, and permeate flow balance between stages. Flow balance can be controlled by either an inter-stage booster pump or by throttling permeate pressure in the first stage. The system is also equipped with a data acquisition system that logs pertinent data automatically and is accessible by remote telemetry.

Feed water is delivered through a low-head booster pump and then a cartridge filter. Pretreatment chemicals (i.e., acid and scale inhibitor) are then added. A static mixer blends the pretreatment chemicals and feeds the water to a high-pressure RO pump. High-pressure RO feed water passes through the RO membrane array while gauges and sensors monitor various parameters at critical locations. Flow is metered at the following process locations: first-stage permeate, system permeate, and concentrate. A sample tap panel is provided to gather water samples from all points throughout the process. Manual flow measurements can also be taken from every pressure vessel and at points where flow is metered electronically to verify meter calibration.

An O&M manual and a SOP manual are included with the unit. Spreadsheets are also available to generate report-quality graphics, and facilitate data analysis and interpretation.

Carollo’s demonstration-scale RO/NF pilot plant mimics full-scale conditions and includes a state-of-the-art PLC and data acquisition system to minimize operator time and maximize data production.

Company Profile

B:\Promotional\CompanySOQs\Desal&MemSoft\InDesign\04-CompanyProfile.indd Company Profile | 39

With our focus on water and wastewater, we recruit nationwide and hire technical staff who have the extensive background and training specific to this field. For that reason, the quality and professional standing of our core group of water and wastewater professionals equals or exceeds that provided by some of the largest engineering firms in the U.S.

WATER AND WASTEWATER EXPERTSCarollo is an environmental engineering firm specializing in the planning, design, and construction of water and wastewater facilities and infrastructure. Carollo’s reputation is based upon client service, a continual commitment to quality, and technical leadership.

During our 86-year history, Carollo has successfully completed more than 25,000 projects for public sector clients. Carollo is currently ranked within Engineering News Record’s top 500 design firms. More importantly, ENR’s annual Source Book ranks Carollo among the top 10 firms for water and wastewater treatment plant design. Unlike many of our competitors, Carollo provides only water and wastewater engineering services.

Carollo is currently ranked within Engineering News Record’s top 500 design firms...ENR’s annual Source Book ranks Carollo among the top 10 firms for water and wastewater treatment plant design.

Dallas

Oklahoma City

Fort Worth

AustinSouth Austin Houston

Phoenix

Tucson

El Paso

Albuquerque

Yuma

SarasotaTampa

Broward CountyPalm Beach

Orlando

Miami-Dade

BroomfieldLittleton

Salt Lake City

Las Vegas

Reno

Boise

Seattle

Portland

Carollo Office Locations

San FranciscoSacramento

FresnoSunnyvale

Roseville

Inland Empire

Kansas City

OmahaChicago

Boston

Washington, D.C.Walnut Creek

San Diego

Los AngelesOrange County

OceansideCarlsbad

V:\Graphics\Maps\CarolloOffices\USCarolloOffices.ai Rev. 07-13-17Carollo has engineered water and wastewater projects across the country.

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ResourcesCarollo’s staff numbers more than 1,050 employees, including more than 500 registered engineers. We are a full-service water and wastewater engineering company with the experience and qualified professionals to successfully manage projects of any size. Our staff includes civil, sanitary, electrical, environmental, mechanical, chemical, structural, instrumentation, and corrosion control engineers, as well as architects, planners, and specialists in other areas.

MANAGEMENT PHILOSOPHYCarollo’s management philosophy and the success of our company are founded on simple precepts:

• Seek out, hire, and hold onto the best people in the business. Carollo aggressively recruits the top candidates from the leading engineering schools across the country. We train and mentor these engineers to become the next generation of leaders for Carollo and the industry. This long-term commitment to developing excellent engineers has resulted in a depth of talent unmatched by other consulting firms.

• Specialize in the planning, design, and construction management of water and wastewater projects. This is our business. Our success hinges solely upon our ability to provide responsive service to our municipal clients.

• Commit our principals to an active role in every project. This provides our clients with top management interest, clear accountability, responsiveness, and talent—and helps to ensure that the necessary staff and resources are committed to each assignment.

• Focus on client service. Carollo knows the value of listening to our clients and recognizes that successful projects result from the combined expertise of our staff and the client’s staff. This commitment to understanding client needs and valuing their input is one of the cornerstones of Carollo’s success.

In addition, the Carollo Research Group, a dedicated team of scientists and engineers from across the country, has been responsible for discovering new treatment technologies, improving operations practices, and expanding the science of water use and reuse. Because of this, clients across the United States repeatedly look to Carollo to help them find the best solutions to their most complex challenges.

Our Services Carollo provides a full range of planning, design and construction management services to meet the water and wastewater needs of municipalities, public agencies, private developers, and industrial firms. Our areas of expertise include the following:

• Alternative Project Delivery

• Business Solutions

• Construction Management

• Energy Technologies

• Infrastructure

• Integrated Planning

• Program Management

• Research and Development

• Sustainable Solutions

• Wastewater Treatment

• Water Reuse/Resources

• Water Treatment

Water-related engineering is all we do, resulting in a level of understanding of key project issues that few can match.

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FORMULA FOR SUCCESSMuch of our success as an industry leader is based on our ability to offer advanced solutions that are practical, affordable, and reliable. We strive to maximize the use of existing infrastructure whenever possible, promote environmental conservation, and make the best technologies available at a competitive cost.

Our firm takes pride in the large number of clients with whom we have maintained continuing working relationships. We have worked with some clients for more than 80 years—a clear indication of the quality of our work, our control of costs, and our ability to meet schedules. This dedication to quality has resulted in a long list of successful projects and satisfied clients.

OUR CLIENT LIST INCLUDES:

• City of Phoenix, AZ

• East Bay Municipal Utility District, Oakland, CA

• City of Los Angeles, CA

• Metropolitan Water District of Southern California

• Sacramento Regional County Sanitation District, CA

• City of San Diego, CA

• City and County of San Francisco, CA

• City of San José, CA

• City of Sacramento, CA

• Miami-Dade County, FL

• Palm Beach County, FL

• South Florida Water Management District, FL

• Colorado Springs Utilities, CO

• Denver Water, CO

• Metro Wastewater Reclamation District, CO

• Kansas City, MO

• City of Omaha, NE

• Clark County Water Reclamation District, NV

• City of Las Vegas, NV

• Southern Nevada Water Authority, NV

• Clean Water Services, OR

• City of Portland, OR

• Oklahoma City, OK

• City of Austin, TX

• Dallas Water Utilities, TX

• North Texas Municipal Water District, TX

• Trinity River Authority, TX

• King County, WA

• Seattle Public Utilities, WA

preface - carollo engineers · design desalination and membrane softening facilities provides...

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