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CALENDAR2011
Castles
Základná škola Vančurova, Trnava – SlovakiaSzkola Podstawowa nr.3,Wladislava Bronskiego,Jedrzejow, PolandZákladná škola Kysak - Slovakia
The Times of Knights and Heroes
A village Smolenice is situated on a foothill of the Small Carpathians in the district Ttrnava. In the 14th century near the village there was built a castle as the last of a large number of strongholds. The castle had lots of owners. At first it belonged to the royal property. In 1388 king Zigmund gave the castle to duke Ctibor from Ctiborice. Later the counts from Pezinok and Svety Jur were the owners of the castle until a count Ján Palfy took over the castle. Although it burnt out in the 19th century the Palfy family rebuilt it. The castle became their family seat in 1911. Its reconstruction was finished after the second world war. Now it serves as a conference centre for the Slovak Academy of Sciences
january
Smolenice castle Slovakia
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february
Červený kameň castle Slovakia
The castle Červený kameň ( The Red Stone in English ) lies on a slope of the Small Carpathians. It was a part of a defense system of castles.on the border which stretched from Bratislava to Zilina. The original castle disappeared in the 16th century. Fugger bankers built a new fortress in the years 1535 to 1537. In the basement of the fortress there were large storerooms. Mikuláš Pállfy, the last owner completed rebuilding the castle. He added two storeys as living quarters.Thus the fortress became a magnificent renesance castle whose beauty was increasing. At present the building serves as a museum of furniture.
Kreslila
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march
Beckov castle Slovakia
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Becko´s castle is situated on a hight rocky mountain near a village Beckov. The castle belonged to a king, but at the end of 13th century it became the propery of Matúš Čák Trenčiansky. Between 14th – 15th century it was owned by the family of the Ctibors. Then it was in the hands of the Bánffys. Even the Turks could not defeat the castle. After the extinction of the Bánffys it had several aristocratic owners. In 1729 the castle burnt out and started to decay. History of the castle has several myths. One of them says that the name of the castle is derivated from the name of the clown Becko to whom the castle was built by Duke Ctibor. The ruins of the castle are declared as a national cultural monument. A village Smolenice is situated on a foothill of the Small Carpathians in the district Ttrnava. In the 14th century near the
Čachtice castle Slovakia
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The castle was built in the middle of 13th century. It belonged to the first castles which protected the western border of the Hungarian Empire in 13th century. It was invaded and damaged by the Czech king Přemysl Otakar II in 1273. It also belonged to Matúš Čák Trenčiansky and Ctibor from Ctiborice. The ruler Maximilian I gave it to Ursula Kanižova, Thomas Nadasdy´s widow and his son Francis Nadasdy, Elizabeth´s Bathory husband . After his death in 1604 she inherited the castle. From that time the castle is a synonym for Elizabeth Bathory and her bloody deeds.In 1772 it burned down. In 1664 - 1670 It was under extensive repair work. The castle was conquered by the armies of Francis Rákóczi II in 1708 . After those battles the castle already resembled ruins. Since then it has resisted an inexorable fight with time and it has slowly decayed. In 1799 it burned out again. The castle is slowly changing into the ruins.
april
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Ogrodzieniec castle Poland
The castle of Ogrodzieniec. The castle of Ogrodzieniec is the most imposing of all the castles in Cracow – Częstochowa Upland. It was a strong fortress built of hard limestone and dolomite.In the XII century it was a small settlement consisting of several wooden huts surrounded by rocks. The castle was ruled by the family of Włodek. After the raid of the Tatar in 1241 the castle was built of stone. Later it had different owners, until 1523, when it became the property of Jan Boner. The next owner – Jjan Firley extended the castle and decorated the inside of it in a splendid style. The castle was seriously damaged during the Swedish raids in 1655 and 1702.The last owners left it in 1810.
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Castle in Chęciny. The construction of the castle began in the late XIIIth century. The initiators of the project were the Chech king Wenceslas II, bishop of Krakow – John Muscat. The castle served an important role: the king was often here and the knights held their reunions. During the reign of Casimir the Great, it was the residence of the royal family. Jagiellonian extended it to prison. In 1465 there was a big fire. After the moving of the Queen Bona the castle began to lose its splendor. The seventeenth century made the destruction of it. After the devastation of the Swedes the castle was abandoned.
june
Checiny castle Poland
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Pieskowa Skała Castlellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Pieskowa Skała is famous for its Renaissance castle built by King Kazimierz Wielki in the 1st half of the 14th century as part of the defensive chain of castles called Orle Gniazda (Eagles Nests) along the plane of Jurassic Rock Upland.The castle was donated in 1377 by king Louis I of Hungary to Piotr Szafraniec of Łuczyce. For the first time the 14th century castle was rebuilt in renaissance style between 1542-1544 by Niccolò Castiglione. Between 1557-1578, the trapezoid shape courtyard was surrounded at the level of two upper storeys by arcades, embellished with 21 mascarons. The last owner of the castle of Szafraniec family was Jędrzej. After his death the estate was purchased by Maciej Łubnicki and later by the Zebrzydowski family. In 1640 Michał Zebrzydowski built the bastion fortifications with baroque gate and a chapel.
july
Pieskowa skala castle Poland
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The The castle of KrzyżtopórIt is unknown when the construction of this impressive fortress began. First documented proof of the construction of the castle comes from 1627, nobleman Jan Zbigniew Ossoliński probably finished it in 1644.The castle was inherited by Ossoliński’s son Krzysztof Baldwin Ossoliński, who died in 1649 in the Battle of Zborów. After his death, the formidable complex was purchased by the family of the Denhoffs, then by the Kalinowskis. In 1655, during the Swedish invasion of Poland, the castle was captured and damaged by the Swedes, who occupied it until 1657. In 1770, during the Bar Confederation, Krzyżtopór, defended by the Confederate units, was seized by the Russians, who completed the building's ruin. Last known inhabitant of the complex, Stanisław Sołtyk, lived there in the years 1782-1787, after which time Krzyżtopór has been deserted.
august
Krzyżtopór castle Poland
Spiš castleSpis Castle is a castle ruin occupying the summit travertine Spis castle hill, forming a dominant feature of the surroundings on the main road linking the eastern regions Saris and Spis. It is not only evidence of architectural development from 12 to 18 century in our country, but its area of 4 hectares (exactly 41 426 meters) is the largest castle complex in Slovakia and one of the largest in Europe. Despite the fact that towers above the city Spišské Podhradie, cadastral municipality belongs Zehra (the local part Hodkovce) in the district Ves in the Region. The castle is a national cultural monument and since 1993 as part of the monument set Levoca, Spis Castle and the surrounding monuments are included in UNESCO World Heritage Site.
september
Spiš castle Slovakia
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Ľubovňa castlePartially preserved and reconstructed castle on the limestone hill (548 m) above the road and the left bank of the river Poprad, towering over the town kindom, dominant Ľubovnianske Basin. To the north of the castle lies Ľubovnianska Highlands, the castle is visible from Broad Peak (884.5 m nm), town kindom, but also community Chmeľnica Gallows hill, which served in the Middle Ages to the exercise of the right guttural.
october
Ľubovňa castle Slovakia
Stropkov castleThis unpreserved castle was originally the side of today's castle and church in Stropkov. Residues are located in the castle walls in the castle story building on the east side of the Gothic parish church and presbytery, which was originally the castle chapel. Part lies beneath the surface of the square. The first mention dates back to 1245, when a huge castle was built Cudarov genus. The castle was a defensive tower, a palace with a chapel and outside the castle was connected to a drawbridge. The outer castle has vast fortification with cannon towers. Early 18th century. for professional unrest was part of the castle destroyed. After the re-conquest by imperial troops were demolished remains of the castle. It is accessible only on request.
november
Stropkov castle Slovakia
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Kapušany castleThe relatively steep hill, the site of an old Slavic settlement was built in the 13th century castle, which had protected the royal road leading north from Presov. Its first owner was family Moglód. After the extinction of its assets passed into the royal chamber and its commander became Henry Tarczay, follower Matus Cak. In 1312 during the fighting between Charles I and Matus Čákom destroyed the castle. Around 1410 he got Andrew Kappy, who built a new fortified building. In connection with the Turkish threat castle in the second half of the 16th century fortified and rebuilt to suit the requirements of the new military technology. In 1685 and occupied it Imrich Protocol, but in the same year he conquered the imperial army. Early 18th century the fortress was captured Telekessy, commander of the army Rákociho Francis II. that castle burnt in 1709. In 1712 it provisionally repaired, but in 1715 it by a council demolished.
december
Kapušany castle Slovakia
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CALLENDAR
Ilustrations: ZŠ Vančurova ,Trnava, SR Romana Petrovičová, 9A class Lucia Baranová, 9A class pupils 2C a 3a classes
Authors: SLOVAKIA ZŠ s MŠ Vančurova, Trnava žiaci 6.C Mgr. Božena Chrvalová Mgr. Ľubomíra Šimončíková Mgr. Zuzana Šamajová POLAND Szkola Podstawowa nr.3 Wladislava Bronievskiego Jedrzejow SLOVAKIA žiaci ZŠ a MŠ Kysak
Leanguage correction: Mgr. Božena Chrvalová, Trnava, the SR Graphic design: Mgr. Zuzana Šamajová, Trnava, the SR
Production: 2011 eTwinning The Times of Knights and Heroes Callendar – Castles