pre publication draft copy - smarter urbanisation
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ConnectedCities
Global application
The ConnectedCities methodology is applicable to anywhere with a rail system. In the developing countries
of Asia, Africa and America it offers a means of accommodating their very fast growth that avoids migration
to the already overstretched mega cities, with their urban sprawl, intense high rise living, severe air pollution
and often dense slums, where urban infrastructure is often overloaded even before car usage rises to Western
levels.
This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable
growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30%
of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and
educational levels young people no longer want to stay in the villages, so the challenges are: where should
they go; how can their earn enough to support themselves and their families; and what can be done to raise
agricultural productivity and incomes?
The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited
on an existing railway junction.
Tamil NaduTamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population
is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai,
whose population expanded by 63% between 2001 and 2011. The rail system has 5,952 km (3,698 mi) of track
and 532 railway stations.
Tirunelveli District is located in southern Tamil Nadu, and has a population of 3 million in an area of 6,700
sq.km.
Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15%
between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities
tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.
The ConnectedCites methodology identifies Tirunelveli as the hub town of the potential ConnectedCity.
Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
latter, and the natural Hub.
RailTirunelveli is at the junction of four rail lines, all operated by the Southern Railway Zone. The north-south
routes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indian
Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a
distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.
There are seven rail stations within 15 minutes travel time of Tirunelveli Junction:
Tirunelveli Town - 8 trains per day
Cheranmadevi - 8 trains per day
Palayamkottai - 6 trains per day
Pettai - 4 trains per day
Sengulam - 1 train per day
Seydunganallur - 7 trains per day
Thalaiyuthu - 5 trains per day
to the already overstretched mega cities, with their urban sprawl, intense high rise living, severe air pollution
growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30%
educational levels young people no longer want to stay in the villages, so the challenges are: where should
The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited
Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population
is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai,
Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15%
The ConnectedCites methodology identifies Tirunelveli as the hub town of the potential ConnectedCity.
Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than theTirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
routes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indian
Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a
distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.
Cheranmadevi - 8 trains per day
Palayamkottai - 6 trains per dayPre
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to the already overstretched mega cities, with their urban sprawl, intense high rise living, severe air pollution
and often dense slums, where urban infrastructure is often overloaded even before car usage rises to Western
This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable
growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30%
of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and
educational levels young people no longer want to stay in the villages, so the challenges are: where should
they go; how can their earn enough to support themselves and their families; and what can be done to raise
The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited
Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population
is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai,
whose population expanded by 63% between 2001 and 2011. The rail system has 5,952 km (3,698 mi) of track
Tirunelveli District is located in southern Tamil Nadu, and has a population of 3 million in an area of 6,700
Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15%
between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities
tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.
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The ConnectedCites methodology identifies Tirunelveli as the hub town of the potential ConnectedCity.The ConnectedCites methodology identifies Tirunelveli as the hub town of the potential ConnectedCity.
Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
Tirunelveli is at the junction of four rail lines, all operated by the Southern Railway Zone. The north-south
routes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indian
Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a
distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.
There are seven rail stations within 15 minutes travel time of Tirunelveli Junction:
Tirunelveli Town - 8 trains per day
Cheranmadevi - 8 trains per day
Palayamkottai - 6 trains per dayPre
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and often dense slums, where urban infrastructure is often overloaded even before car usage rises to Western
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and often dense slums, where urban infrastructure is often overloaded even before car usage rises to Western and often dense slums, where urban infrastructure is often overloaded even before car usage rises to Western
Pre
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This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable
growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30% growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30%
Pre
Public
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This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable
Pre
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growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30% growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30%
of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and
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of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and
educational levels young people no longer want to stay in the villages, so the challenges are: where should educational levels young people no longer want to stay in the villages, so the challenges are: where should
they go; how can their earn enough to support themselves and their families; and what can be done to raise they go; how can their earn enough to support themselves and their families; and what can be done to raise
Pre
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The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited
Pre
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The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited
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The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited
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Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population
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Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population
is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai, is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai,
whose population expanded by 63% between 2001 and 2011. The rail system has 5,952 km (3,698 mi) of track whose population expanded by 63% between 2001 and 2011. The rail system has 5,952 km (3,698 mi) of track
Pre
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Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population
is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai,
whose population expanded by 63% between 2001 and 2011. The rail system has 5,952 km (3,698 mi) of track
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Tirunelveli District is located in southern Tamil Nadu, and has a population of 3 million in an area of 6,700 Tirunelveli District is located in southern Tamil Nadu, and has a population of 3 million in an area of 6,700
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Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15% Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15%
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Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15% Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15%
between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities
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between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities
tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.
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tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.
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The ConnectedCites methodology identifies Tirunelveli as the hub town of the potential ConnectedCity.The ConnectedCites methodology identifies Tirunelveli as the hub town of the potential ConnectedCity.
Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than theTirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
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Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than theTirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
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Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than theTirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
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Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than theTirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
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Tirunelveli is at the junction of four rail lines, all operated by the Southern Railway Zone. The north-southTirunelveli is at the junction of four rail lines, all operated by the Southern Railway Zone. The north-south
routes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indianroutes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indian
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routes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indianroutes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indian
Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a
distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.
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Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a
distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.
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There are seven rail stations within 15 minutes travel time of Tirunelveli Junction:There are seven rail stations within 15 minutes travel time of Tirunelveli Junction:
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Tirunelveli Town - 8 trains per dayTirunelveli Town - 8 trains per day
Cheranmadevi - 8 trains per dayCheranmadevi - 8 trains per day
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Cheranmadevi - 8 trains per dayCheranmadevi - 8 trains per day
Palayamkottai - 6 trains per dayPalayamkottai - 6 trains per dayPre
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Cheranmadevi - 8 trains per day
Palayamkottai - 6 trains per dayPre
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to the already overstretched mega cities, with their urban sprawl, intense high rise living, severe air pollution to the already overstretched mega cities, with their urban sprawl, intense high rise living, severe air pollution
and often dense slums, where urban infrastructure is often overloaded even before car usage rises to Western and often dense slums, where urban infrastructure is often overloaded even before car usage rises to Western
Pre
Public
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n D
raft C
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This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable
growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30% growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30%
Pre
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This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable This case study investigates whether instead the ConnectedCities principles can be applied to shift sustainable
Pre
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growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30% growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30%
of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and
educational levels young people no longer want to stay in the villages, so the challenges are: where should
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growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30% growth to the more rural areas in which provincial cities are located. It studies India, where currently only 30%
of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and
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of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and of the population live in towns, in comparison with the world average of 50%. With rising expectations and
educational levels young people no longer want to stay in the villages, so the challenges are: where should educational levels young people no longer want to stay in the villages, so the challenges are: where should
they go; how can their earn enough to support themselves and their families; and what can be done to raise they go; how can their earn enough to support themselves and their families; and what can be done to raise
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The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited The example is Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu, chosen as typical ‘metro city’ (city population ½ to 1.5 million) sited
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Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population
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Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population
is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai, is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai,
whose population expanded by 63% between 2001 and 2011. The rail system has 5,952 km (3,698 mi) of track whose population expanded by 63% between 2001 and 2011. The rail system has 5,952 km (3,698 mi) of track
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Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India, and has a clime classified as tropical savanna. Its population
is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai, is 78 million, and the growth rate for the decade before the last census was 16%. The major city is Chennai,
whose population expanded by 63% between 2001 and 2011. The rail system has 5,952 km (3,698 mi) of track whose population expanded by 63% between 2001 and 2011. The rail system has 5,952 km (3,698 mi) of track
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Tirunelveli District is located in southern Tamil Nadu, and has a population of 3 million in an area of 6,700 Tirunelveli District is located in southern Tamil Nadu, and has a population of 3 million in an area of 6,700
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Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15%
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Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15% Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15%
between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities
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Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15% Tirunelveli City has just under 500,000 inhabitants in an area of 150 sq. km. Its population expanded by 15%
between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities
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between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities between 2001 and 2011. At present young people are forced to leave the city and move to the mega cities
tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.
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tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.tofind housing and work: hence the dramatic growth in Chennai.
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The ConnectedCites methodology identifies Tirunelveli as the hub town of the potential ConnectedCity.The ConnectedCites methodology identifies Tirunelveli as the hub town of the potential ConnectedCity.
Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than theTirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
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The ConnectedCites methodology identifies Tirunelveli as the hub town of the potential ConnectedCity.
Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than theTirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
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Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than theTirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
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Tirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than theTirunelveli has two stations: Tirunelveli Junction and Tirunelveli Town. The former is much larger than the
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Tirunelveli is at the junction of four rail lines, all operated by the Southern Railway Zone. The north-southTirunelveli is at the junction of four rail lines, all operated by the Southern Railway Zone. The north-south
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Tirunelveli is at the junction of four rail lines, all operated by the Southern Railway Zone. The north-southTirunelveli is at the junction of four rail lines, all operated by the Southern Railway Zone. The north-south
routes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indianroutes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indian
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routes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indianroutes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indian
Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a
distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.
routes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indian
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routes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indianroutes are electrified single track, and the east-west are non electrified single track. In February 2015 Indian
Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a Railways sanctioned of the double tracking of the north-south line between Maniyachi-Tirunelveli-Nagercoil, a
distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.distance of 170km costing 1.7 billon rupees.
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There are seven rail stations within 15 minutes travel time of Tirunelveli Junction:There are seven rail stations within 15 minutes travel time of Tirunelveli Junction:
Tirunelveli Town - 8 trains per dayTirunelveli Town - 8 trains per day
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There are seven rail stations within 15 minutes travel time of Tirunelveli Junction:There are seven rail stations within 15 minutes travel time of Tirunelveli Junction:
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Tirunelveli Town - 8 trains per dayTirunelveli Town - 8 trains per day
Cheranmadevi - 8 trains per dayCheranmadevi - 8 trains per day
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Tirunelveli Town - 8 trains per day
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Cheranmadevi - 8 trains per dayCheranmadevi - 8 trains per day
Palayamkottai - 6 trains per dayPalayamkottai - 6 trains per dayPre
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Cheranmadevi - 8 trains per dayCheranmadevi - 8 trains per day
Palayamkottai - 6 trains per dayPalayamkottai - 6 trains per day
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Case Studies
Map of Tirunelveli
district showing location
of Tirunelveli city and rail
services
Map of India showing
location of Tamil Nadu
and map of Tamil Nadu
showing rail network and
location of Tirunelveli
district
Ref in
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ConnectedCities
Local GovernmentTirunelveli Muncipal Corporation is responsible for the City, the two adjoining municipalities of Palayamkottai
and Melapalayam, and twelve towns of approximately 20,000 population each.
RoadThe Corporation is responsible for 475 miles of roads. Most are single carriageway, but National Highway NH7
to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24%
of households for two wheelers and 3% for four
Walking / Cycling / Buses & RickshawsOne third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of
households. In 2015, 650 buses were operated by in Tirunelvlei Distirict by Tamil Nadu State Corporation and
275 registered to private operators, as well as 250 mini buses. There were 4,000 taxis, 3,000 maxicabs and
over 8,500 registered auto rickshaws.
Water & TreesThe average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoon
in October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is June
(16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the
Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board
(TWAD) is responsible for the rest of the District.
Trees have been disappearing from the landscape in recent generations, but local charity SCAD has a
programme of planting 100,000 indigenous new trees and sowing about 50,000 seeds per annum. Trees
increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall.
Commerce & EducationAgriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies,
Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of
Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the
state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government
colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
Population GrowthThe District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% and
Tirunelveli City growing at 15%.
The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each
area. The plan proposes an expansion of residential areas into the existing agricultural areas on the edge of
the city.
In the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, while
agricultural land declined almost 75 sq.km and water bodies reduced by 21sq.km. Much of the land built upon
was previously used to feed the local population.
Smart City Tirunelveli entered Prime Minister Ghodi’s recent Smart City Challenge, and was ranked 56th nationally. The
bid was based on a widespread public consultation including social media, and proposed pedestrianisation
around temple area and construction of a Non Motorised Transport corridor to promote walking, as well as new
settlement of 250 acres within 10km of the city’s boundaries.
to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24%
One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of
(16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the
Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board
state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government
colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each
was previously used to feed the local population.
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opyThe Corporation is responsible for 475 miles of roads. Most are single carriageway, but National Highway NH7
to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24%
One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of
households. In 2015, 650 buses were operated by in Tirunelvlei Distirict by Tamil Nadu State Corporation and households. In 2015, 650 buses were operated by in Tirunelvlei Distirict by Tamil Nadu State Corporation and
275 registered to private operators, as well as 250 mini buses. There were 4,000 taxis, 3,000 maxicabs and
The average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoon
in October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is June
(16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the
Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board
Trees have been disappearing from the landscape in recent generations, but local charity SCAD has a
programme of planting 100,000 indigenous new trees and sowing about 50,000 seeds per annum. Trees
increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall.
Agriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies,
Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of
Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the
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state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government
colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
The District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% and
The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each
area. The plan proposes an expansion of residential areas into the existing agricultural areas on the edge of
In the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, whileIn the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, while
agricultural land declined almost 75 sq.km and water bodies reduced by 21sq.km. Much of the land built upon
was previously used to feed the local population.
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opyThe Corporation is responsible for 475 miles of roads. Most are single carriageway, but National Highway NH7
to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24% P
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opyThe Corporation is responsible for 475 miles of roads. Most are single carriageway, but National Highway NH7 The Corporation is responsible for 475 miles of roads. Most are single carriageway, but National Highway NH7
to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24% to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24% P
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One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of
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One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of
households. In 2015, 650 buses were operated by in Tirunelvlei Distirict by Tamil Nadu State Corporation and households. In 2015, 650 buses were operated by in Tirunelvlei Distirict by Tamil Nadu State Corporation and
275 registered to private operators, as well as 250 mini buses. There were 4,000 taxis, 3,000 maxicabs and 275 registered to private operators, as well as 250 mini buses. There were 4,000 taxis, 3,000 maxicabs and
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The average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoonThe average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoon
in October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is Junein October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is June
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The average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoon
in October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is June
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in October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is Junein October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is June
(16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the (16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the
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(16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the (16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the
Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board
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Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board
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Trees have been disappearing from the landscape in recent generations, but local charity SCAD has a Trees have been disappearing from the landscape in recent generations, but local charity SCAD has a
programme of planting 100,000 indigenous new trees and sowing about 50,000 seeds per annum. Trees programme of planting 100,000 indigenous new trees and sowing about 50,000 seeds per annum. Trees
increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall. increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall.
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increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall. increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall.
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Agriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies, Agriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies,
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Agriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies, Agriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies,
Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of
Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the
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Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of
Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the
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Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the
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state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government
colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
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colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
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colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
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colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
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The District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% andThe District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% and
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The District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% and
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The District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% andThe District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% and
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The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each
area. The plan proposes an expansion of residential areas into the existing agricultural areas on the edge of area. The plan proposes an expansion of residential areas into the existing agricultural areas on the edge of
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The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each
area. The plan proposes an expansion of residential areas into the existing agricultural areas on the edge of
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In the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, whileIn the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, while
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In the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, whileIn the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, while
agricultural land declined almost 75 sq.km and water bodies reduced by 21sq.km. Much of the land built upon agricultural land declined almost 75 sq.km and water bodies reduced by 21sq.km. Much of the land built upon
was previously used to feed the local population.was previously used to feed the local population.
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was previously used to feed the local population.was previously used to feed the local population.
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was previously used to feed the local population.
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opyThe Corporation is responsible for 475 miles of roads. Most are single carriageway, but National Highway NH7 The Corporation is responsible for 475 miles of roads. Most are single carriageway, but National Highway NH7
to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24% to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24% P
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opyto the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24% to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24%
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opyto the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24% to the port town Thoothukudi is dual carriageway. Motorised vehicle ownership for the District in 2011 was 24%
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One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of
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One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of One third of commutes to work are on foot. In Tirunelveli District bicycle ownership averaged 46% of
households. In 2015, 650 buses were operated by in Tirunelvlei Distirict by Tamil Nadu State Corporation and households. In 2015, 650 buses were operated by in Tirunelvlei Distirict by Tamil Nadu State Corporation and
275 registered to private operators, as well as 250 mini buses. There were 4,000 taxis, 3,000 maxicabs and 275 registered to private operators, as well as 250 mini buses. There were 4,000 taxis, 3,000 maxicabs and
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The average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoonThe average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoon
in October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is Junein October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is June
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The average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoonThe average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoon
in October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is Junein October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is June
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The average annual rainfall is 680 millimetres. Maximum precipitation occurs during the northeast monsoon
in October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is Junein October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is June
(16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the (16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the
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in October (166mm) and November (195mm), when extensive flooding occurs. Lowest precipitation is June
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(16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the (16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the
Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board
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(16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the (16mm) and July (13mm), when water shortages are common. In the city water supply is provided by the
Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board Tirunelveli City Corporation from the Tamirabarani River. Tamil Nadu Water supply And Drainage Board
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Trees have been disappearing from the landscape in recent generations, but local charity SCAD has a Trees have been disappearing from the landscape in recent generations, but local charity SCAD has a
programme of planting 100,000 indigenous new trees and sowing about 50,000 seeds per annum. Trees programme of planting 100,000 indigenous new trees and sowing about 50,000 seeds per annum. Trees
increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall. increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall.
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increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall. increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall.
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increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall. increase green cover and provide fodder and fuels. In turn increasing trees brings more rainfall.
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Agriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies, Agriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies,
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Agriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies, Agriculture and food processing are the largest sectors. There are also cement factories, tobacco companies,
Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of
Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the
Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of
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Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of Tirunelveli is known for its educational institutions, many of which are located at Palayamkottai (east of
Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the
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Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the
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Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the Tirunelveli) known as the “Oxford of South India”. The District has a literacy rate of 77%, which is above the
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state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government
colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
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state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government state average. As of 2005–2006, the District had a total of 2,500 schools, one university, four government
colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
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colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
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colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.colleges, eleven government-sponsored and seven private colleges.
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The District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% andThe District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% and
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The District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% andThe District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% and
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The District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% andThe District population growth in the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14%, with rural areas growing at 12% and
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The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each
area. The plan proposes an expansion of residential areas into the existing agricultural areas on the edge of area. The plan proposes an expansion of residential areas into the existing agricultural areas on the edge of
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The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each The Tirunelvlei Local Planning Authority (TLPA) has a master plan to 2021, and within it detailed plans for each
area. The plan proposes an expansion of residential areas into the existing agricultural areas on the edge of area. The plan proposes an expansion of residential areas into the existing agricultural areas on the edge of
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In the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, whileIn the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, while
agricultural land declined almost 75 sq.km and water bodies reduced by 21sq.km. Much of the land built upon agricultural land declined almost 75 sq.km and water bodies reduced by 21sq.km. Much of the land built upon
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In the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, whileIn the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, while
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In the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, whileIn the seven years between 1999-2006 the built up area of the city expanded by about 40 sq.km, while
agricultural land declined almost 75 sq.km and water bodies reduced by 21sq.km. Much of the land built upon agricultural land declined almost 75 sq.km and water bodies reduced by 21sq.km. Much of the land built upon
was previously used to feed the local population.was previously used to feed the local population.
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agricultural land declined almost 75 sq.km and water bodies reduced by 21sq.km. Much of the land built upon
was previously used to feed the local population.was previously used to feed the local population.
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was previously used to feed the local population.was previously used to feed the local population.
95
Case Studies
Tirunelveli - Local
Planning Area
Proposed land use 2021
Tirunelveli - Local
Planning Area
Existing land use 2005
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96
ConnectedCities
Potential
The aim of the study is to determine if it is possible to accommodate the predicted population in a manner that
minimises the loss of agricultural land and need for cars, by developing in well connected locations including
sister towns. These will provide new housing and workplaces so that people can live close to their families and
food production but still have easy access to the city.
Assuming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 of
15% per decade, the population in 2050 will be 875,000, an increase of 375,000.
Tirunelvelei ConnectedCity
Within the pedsheds of the existing stations there is potential for housing and commercial/civic/recreational
facilities for 165,000 persons as follows
In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate
a further 200,000 plus as follows:
99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new
stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.
In many of the areas where the potential pedsheds are located the three landowners are : Indian Railways, the
City or District and private landowners. Pooling the land would enable all parties to participate in the uplift in
value, but requires a redistribution of plot ownership. Collectively the land is worth more than in independent
units, so all parties emerge from the pooling with assets that are worth more than their initial value and
the community also benefits.
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sister towns. These will provide new housing and workplaces so that people can live close to their families and
ming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 of
99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new
stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.
In many of the areas where the potential pedsheds are located the three landowners are : Indian Railways, the Pre
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sister towns. These will provide new housing and workplaces so that people can live close to their families and
ming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 of
15% per decade, the population in 2050 will be 875,000, an increase of 375,000.
Within the pedsheds of the existing stations there is potential for housing and commercial/civic/recreational
In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate
99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new
stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.
In many of the areas where the potential pedsheds are located the three landowners are : Indian Railways, the
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opyming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 of
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opyming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 ofming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 of
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opyming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 ofming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 of
15% per decade, the population in 2050 will be 875,000, an increase of 375,000.15% per decade, the population in 2050 will be 875,000, an increase of 375,000.
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In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate
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In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate
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99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new
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99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new
stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.
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99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new
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sister towns. These will provide new housing and workplaces so that people can live close to their families and sister towns. These will provide new housing and workplaces so that people can live close to their families and
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opyming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 ofming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 of
15% per decade, the population in 2050 will be 875,000, an increase of 375,000.15% per decade, the population in 2050 will be 875,000, an increase of 375,000.
ming that growth in the city continues at the same rate as it did between 2001 and 2011 ofP
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Within the pedsheds of the existing stations there is potential for housing and commercial/civic/recreationalWithin the pedsheds of the existing stations there is potential for housing and commercial/civic/recreational
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In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate
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In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate
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In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate In addition, possible locations for 8 new stations as shown on the illustration have the potential to accommodate
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99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new
stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.
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99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new
stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.
In many of the areas where the potential pedsheds are located the three landowners are : Indian Railways, the In many of the areas where the potential pedsheds are located the three landowners are : Indian Railways, the Pre
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99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new99% of predicted growth until 2050 can be accommodated within 1km radius pedsheds of existing and new
stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.stations, thereby enabling sustainable growth with minimised increase in carbon footprint and traffic congestion.
97
Case Studies
Tirunelveli Junction
pedshed
Area of search for
development sites within
walkable distance from
station.
Tirunelveli Junction
is the natural Hub for
the ConnectedCity on
which all public transport
including bus services will
focus.
Tirunelveli
ConnectedCity
Proposed sites for
sustainable development
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98
ConnectedCities
Pedsheds
Hub - Tirunelveli JunctionIn the area around the Hub at Tirunelveli Junction, medium rise buildings of 5 to 7 or 8 stories would sit in a
primarily pedestrianised core. The building heights could be greater if it was felt that tall buildings would enable
the city to display itself better as a primary modern centre. In either case creating a new hub to serve the whole
ConnectedCity would relieve pressure on redevelopment of the historic city centre.
Tirunelveli TownThe Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and
create a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides
a source of tourist income in addition to general commerce. A pedestrian priority mixed use mall along the
present appropriately named Railway Feeder Road will link the temple area to an enhanced station.
Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly
to the south of the railway. Although this requires loss of good agricultural land, the effects are more than
balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.
Sister TownsThe pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai,
Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth.
Analyses will be undertaken to define existing features to be retained, such as key historic buildings and high
yield agricultural land. The remaining areas will be used to provide cores of medium rise mixed use buildings of
4 to 7 stories in which civic, commercial, educational and residential uses will mingle. Beyond, family housing
will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km
radius pedshed to ensure access to food producing land is maintained.
The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable,
and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.
InfrastructureContinued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will
be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in
land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent
or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there
are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the
ConnectedCity. Five of the eight proposed new towns are on the less used east-west line.
With the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improved
railways demand will increase. However, since most new building will be within the pedsheds, major
improvements will be primarily to routes that serve them. Outside the pedsheds development along roads will
not be permitted to ensure each settlement remains distinct with open land surrounding it.
The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the
pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements
more efficiently than cars.
New commerce and educational facilities are located within pedsheds to ensure excellent public transport
access and to provide a buffer between rail track and housing.
primarily pedestrianised core. The building heights could be greater if it was felt that tall buildings would enable
The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and
ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides
a source of tourist income in addition to general commerce. A pedestrian priority mixed use mall along the
Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly
The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai,
Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth.
Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will
be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in
or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there
With the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improved
The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the
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primarily pedestrianised core. The building heights could be greater if it was felt that tall buildings would enable
the city to display itself better as a primary modern centre. In either case creating a new hub to serve the whole
ConnectedCity would relieve pressure on redevelopment of the historic city centre.
The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and
ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides
a source of tourist income in addition to general commerce. A pedestrian priority mixed use mall along the a source of tourist income in addition to general commerce. A pedestrian priority mixed use mall along the
present appropriately named Railway Feeder Road will link the temple area to an enhanced station.
Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly
to the south of the railway. Although this requires loss of good agricultural land, the effects are more than
balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.
The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai,
Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth.
Analyses will be undertaken to define existing features to be retained, such as key historic buildings and high
yield agricultural land. The remaining areas will be used to provide cores of medium rise mixed use buildings of
4 to 7 stories in which civic, commercial, educational and residential uses will mingle. Beyond, family housing
will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km
radius pedshed to ensure access to food producing land is maintained.
The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable,
and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.
Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will
be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in
land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent
or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there
are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the
ConnectedCity. Five of the eight proposed new towns are on the less used east-west line.
With the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improved
railways demand will increase. However, since most new building will be within the pedsheds, major
improvements will be primarily to routes that serve them. Outside the pedsheds development along roads will
not be permitted to ensure each settlement remains distinct with open land surrounding it.not be permitted to ensure each settlement remains distinct with open land surrounding it.
The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the
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pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements
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primarily pedestrianised core. The building heights could be greater if it was felt that tall buildings would enable
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primarily pedestrianised core. The building heights could be greater if it was felt that tall buildings would enable primarily pedestrianised core. The building heights could be greater if it was felt that tall buildings would enable
the city to display itself better as a primary modern centre. In either case creating a new hub to serve the whole the city to display itself better as a primary modern centre. In either case creating a new hub to serve the whole
ConnectedCity would relieve pressure on redevelopment of the historic city centre.ConnectedCity would relieve pressure on redevelopment of the historic city centre.P
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The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and
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The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and
ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides
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ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides
a source of tourist income in addition to general commerce. A pedestrian priority mixed use mall along the a source of tourist income in addition to general commerce. A pedestrian priority mixed use mall along the
present appropriately named Railway Feeder Road will link the temple area to an enhanced station.present appropriately named Railway Feeder Road will link the temple area to an enhanced station.
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Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly
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Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly
to the south of the railway. Although this requires loss of good agricultural land, the effects are more than to the south of the railway. Although this requires loss of good agricultural land, the effects are more than
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Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly
to the south of the railway. Although this requires loss of good agricultural land, the effects are more than to the south of the railway. Although this requires loss of good agricultural land, the effects are more than
balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.
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balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.
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balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.
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The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai, The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai,
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The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai, The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai,
Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth. Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth.
Analyses will be undertaken to define existing features to be retained, such as key historic buildings and high Analyses will be undertaken to define existing features to be retained, such as key historic buildings and high
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The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai,
Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth.
Analyses will be undertaken to define existing features to be retained, such as key historic buildings and high
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yield agricultural land. The remaining areas will be used to provide cores of medium rise mixed use buildings of yield agricultural land. The remaining areas will be used to provide cores of medium rise mixed use buildings of
4 to 7 stories in which civic, commercial, educational and residential uses will mingle. Beyond, family housing 4 to 7 stories in which civic, commercial, educational and residential uses will mingle. Beyond, family housing
will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km
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will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km
radius pedshed to ensure access to food producing land is maintained.radius pedshed to ensure access to food producing land is maintained.
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The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable, The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable,
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The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable, The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable,
and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.
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and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.
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Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will
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Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will
be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in
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be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in
land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent
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land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent
or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there
are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the
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or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there
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are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the
ConnectedCity. Five of the eight proposed new towns are on the less used east-west line.ConnectedCity. Five of the eight proposed new towns are on the less used east-west line.
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With the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improvedWith the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improved
railways demand will increase. However, since most new building will be within the pedsheds, majorrailways demand will increase. However, since most new building will be within the pedsheds, major
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With the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improved
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improvements will be primarily to routes that serve them. Outside the pedsheds development along roads will improvements will be primarily to routes that serve them. Outside the pedsheds development along roads will
not be permitted to ensure each settlement remains distinct with open land surrounding it.not be permitted to ensure each settlement remains distinct with open land surrounding it.
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The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the
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The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the
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pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements
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The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the
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pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements
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primarily pedestrianised core. The building heights could be greater if it was felt that tall buildings would enable primarily pedestrianised core. The building heights could be greater if it was felt that tall buildings would enable
the city to display itself better as a primary modern centre. In either case creating a new hub to serve the whole the city to display itself better as a primary modern centre. In either case creating a new hub to serve the whole
ConnectedCity would relieve pressure on redevelopment of the historic city centre.ConnectedCity would relieve pressure on redevelopment of the historic city centre.P
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opyConnectedCity would relieve pressure on redevelopment of the historic city centre.ConnectedCity would relieve pressure on redevelopment of the historic city centre.
The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and
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The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and
ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides
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The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and
ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides
The Smart City proposals to preserve and enhanced the best of the traditional city centre can be extended, and
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ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides ate a historic core which retains the charm of previous generations’ contributions to the city, and provides
a source of tourist income in addition to general commerce. A pedestrian priority mixed use mall along the a source of tourist income in addition to general commerce. A pedestrian priority mixed use mall along the
present appropriately named Railway Feeder Road will link the temple area to an enhanced station.present appropriately named Railway Feeder Road will link the temple area to an enhanced station.
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Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly Outside the conservation areas redevelopment would be encouraged as in any town growth zone, particularly
to the south of the railway. Although this requires loss of good agricultural land, the effects are more than to the south of the railway. Although this requires loss of good agricultural land, the effects are more than
balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.
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balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.
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balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.balanced by preserving such land outside the pedsheds which is currently zoned for future development.
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The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai, The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai,
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The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai, The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai,
Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth. Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth.
Analyses will be undertaken to define existing features to be retained, such as key historic buildings and high Analyses will be undertaken to define existing features to be retained, such as key historic buildings and high
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The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai, The pedsheds of the current stations serving the well established towns of Cheranmadevi, Palayamkottai,
Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth. Seydunganallur and Thalaiyuthu will be developed to preserve each one’s character and direct new growth.
Analyses will be undertaken to define existing features to be retained, such as key historic buildings and high Analyses will be undertaken to define existing features to be retained, such as key historic buildings and high
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yield agricultural land. The remaining areas will be used to provide cores of medium rise mixed use buildings of yield agricultural land. The remaining areas will be used to provide cores of medium rise mixed use buildings of
4 to 7 stories in which civic, commercial, educational and residential uses will mingle. Beyond, family housing 4 to 7 stories in which civic, commercial, educational and residential uses will mingle. Beyond, family housing
will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km
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will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km
radius pedshed to ensure access to food producing land is maintained.radius pedshed to ensure access to food producing land is maintained.
will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km
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will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km will be in lower rise buildings, probably terraced houses with courtyards. Growth will be restricted to the 1km
radius pedshed to ensure access to food producing land is maintained.radius pedshed to ensure access to food producing land is maintained.
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The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable, The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable,
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The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable, The towns of Pettai and Sengulam are currently less developed. The pedshed principles are still applicable,
and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.
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and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.
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and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.and the mode of development will be in the style of new green quarters.
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Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will
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Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will
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Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will Continued electrification and double or quadruple tracking of the railway lines within the ConnectedCity will
be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in
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be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in be required to provide for the additional movement. The upgrading can be financed by capturing the uplift in
land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent
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land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent
or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there
are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the
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land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent land value which the new stations and services will bring. The increases in rolling stock needed for frequent
or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there or on-demand services will be covered by fares from the additional passengers. The fact that at present there
are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the
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are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the are so few trains provides an opportunity to run much more frequent local services within the limits of the
ConnectedCity. Five of the eight proposed new towns are on the less used east-west line.ConnectedCity. Five of the eight proposed new towns are on the less used east-west line.
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With the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improvedWith the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improved
railways demand will increase. However, since most new building will be within the pedsheds, majorrailways demand will increase. However, since most new building will be within the pedsheds, major
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With the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improvedWith the increase in population the road network will have to be updgraded as even with greatly improved
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improvements will be primarily to routes that serve them. Outside the pedsheds development along roads will improvements will be primarily to routes that serve them. Outside the pedsheds development along roads will
not be permitted to ensure each settlement remains distinct with open land surrounding it.not be permitted to ensure each settlement remains distinct with open land surrounding it.
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improvements will be primarily to routes that serve them. Outside the pedsheds development along roads will improvements will be primarily to routes that serve them. Outside the pedsheds development along roads will
not be permitted to ensure each settlement remains distinct with open land surrounding it.not be permitted to ensure each settlement remains distinct with open land surrounding it.
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The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the
pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements
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The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the
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pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements
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The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the The strain on the bus services will be eased by the new rail services. Rickshaws can be integrated into the
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pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements pedestrian priority centres of the pedsheds, and serve the outer areas of these medium density settlements
99
Case Studies
Cheranmadevi
Area of search for
development sites within
walkable distance of the
station.
A typical existing
station pedshed
showing opportunities
for densification
close to the core and
new development
opportunities within
walking distance of the
station. The dark green
areas to the north of
the Kanadian canal are
agriculture and will be
preserved.
Ref in
24001a1000d01
Tirunelveli Town
Area of search for
development sites within
walkable distance of the
station.
The proposed
pedestrianed area in the
historic centre around
the Arulmigo Nellaiappar
temple (shown outlined
in white) will be linked to
the new core around the
station by a mall (shown
highlighted in red).
Ref in
24001a8000d00
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ConnectedCities
New SettlementsDevelopment around new stations will follow a similar pattern, but because they are built from scratch it will be
easy to ensure a Green Web permeates the whole of these new green towns. The pedshed principles require
green wedges between the urban villages to be incorporated in new settlements and created where possible
in existing ones.
These wedges can be used to store and move away stormwater. Open cisterns to collect monsoon rains can
be surrounded by trees and used to farm fish, which eat mosquito lavae and minimise public health risks.
The experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protected
walkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shade
from the sun, and in monsoon periods, dry passage.
The typologies of family housing will vary, but generally terraced houses with sun shaded private courtyards for
cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.
Sanitation for all can be built in from the outset, although it may not be western waterbourne systems due to
the water shortages. Instead composting or ‘worm farm’ toilets may be more applicable, as they provide safe
fertiliser for local use.
Ref g720a101d01
Ref g720a100d01
Diagram of
ConnectedVillage
showing its relationship
to the pedshed core and
the green grid of shared
surface circulation with
trees and protected
walkways.
The green wedges
between villages can
be used for movement
and storage of monsoon
waters.
Similar diagram showing
private communal
courtyards within housing
blocks. The layout
proposed is diagramatic
only. Real life villages
will follow the general
guidelines but accord
with local circumstances,
traditions and wishes.
be surrounded by trees and used to farm fish, which eat mosquito lavae and minimise public health risks.
The experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protected
cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.
showing its relationship
to the pedshed core and
the green grid of shared
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be surrounded by trees and used to farm fish, which eat mosquito lavae and minimise public health risks.
The experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protected
walkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shade
The typologies of family housing will vary, but generally terraced houses with sun shaded private courtyards for
cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.
Sanitation for all can be built in from the outset, although it may not be western waterbourne systems due to
the water shortages. Instead composting or ‘worm farm’ toilets may be more applicable, as they provide safe
Diagram of
ConnectedVillage
showing its relationship
to the pedshed core and
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the green grid of shared
surface circulation with
trees and protected
walkways.
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be surrounded by trees and used to farm fish, which eat mosquito lavae and minimise public health risks.P
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opyThese wedges can be used to store and move away stormwater. Open cisterns to collect monsoon rains can These wedges can be used to store and move away stormwater. Open cisterns to collect monsoon rains can
be surrounded by trees and used to farm fish, which eat mosquito lavae and minimise public health risks.be surrounded by trees and used to farm fish, which eat mosquito lavae and minimise public health risks.P
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The experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protectedThe experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protected
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The experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protectedThe experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protected
walkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shadewalkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shade
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The typologies of family housing will vary, but generally terraced houses with sun shaded private courtyards for The typologies of family housing will vary, but generally terraced houses with sun shaded private courtyards for
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cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.
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cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.
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cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.
Sanitation for all can be built in from the outset, although it may not be western waterbourne systems due to Sanitation for all can be built in from the outset, although it may not be western waterbourne systems due to
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Sanitation for all can be built in from the outset, although it may not be western waterbourne systems due to Sanitation for all can be built in from the outset, although it may not be western waterbourne systems due to
the water shortages. Instead composting or ‘worm farm’ toilets may be more applicable, as they provide safe the water shortages. Instead composting or ‘worm farm’ toilets may be more applicable, as they provide safe
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the water shortages. Instead composting or ‘worm farm’ toilets may be more applicable, as they provide safe
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Diagram of Diagram of
ConnectedVillage ConnectedVillage
showing its relationship showing its relationship
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showing its relationship showing its relationship
to the pedshed core and to the pedshed core and
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the green grid of shared the green grid of shared
surface circulation with surface circulation with
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to the pedshed core and
the green grid of shared
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walkways.walkways.
The green wedges The green wedges
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between villages can between villages can
be used for movement be used for movement
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be surrounded by trees and used to farm fish, which eat mosquito lavae and minimise public health risks.be surrounded by trees and used to farm fish, which eat mosquito lavae and minimise public health risks.P
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The experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protectedThe experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protected
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The experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protectedThe experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protected
walkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shadewalkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shade
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The experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protectedThe experience of both walking and cycling within the pedsheds will be greatly enhanced by trees and protected
walkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shadewalkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shadewalkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shade
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walkways. These will generate electricity from PV panels for night streetlighting while providing daytime shade
The typologies of family housing will vary, but generally terraced houses with sun shaded private courtyards for The typologies of family housing will vary, but generally terraced houses with sun shaded private courtyards for
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cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.cooking, and communal courtyards for kitchen gardens, offer the best means of providing suitable densities.
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Sanitation for all can be built in from the outset, although it may not be western waterbourne systems due to Sanitation for all can be built in from the outset, although it may not be western waterbourne systems due to
the water shortages. Instead composting or ‘worm farm’ toilets may be more applicable, as they provide safe the water shortages. Instead composting or ‘worm farm’ toilets may be more applicable, as they provide safe
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the water shortages. Instead composting or ‘worm farm’ toilets may be more applicable, as they provide safe the water shortages. Instead composting or ‘worm farm’ toilets may be more applicable, as they provide safe
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Diagram of Diagram of
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showing its relationship showing its relationship
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showing its relationship showing its relationship
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the green grid of shared the green grid of shared
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trees and protected trees and protected
showing its relationship
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showing its relationship showing its relationship
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the green grid of shared the green grid of shared
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walkways.walkways.
The green wedges The green wedges
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walkways.walkways.
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between villages can between villages can
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101
Delivery
Development
pedshed 006
Areal view of Existing.
A typical pedshed around
a new station. The flood
areas will be incorporated
as blue/green wedges in
the new settlement.
Ref in
24001a14000d00
Notional terraced house
showing relationship
between green web
shared space street and
semi private communal
areas to the rear
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