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PreFunding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy Presented By: Joseph Tripalin National Marketing Director OM Financial Group July 31, 2014

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Page 1: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Pre‐Funding Employee Benefits –

A Proven Investment Strategy

Presented By:

Joseph TripalinNational Marketing DirectorOM Financial GroupJuly 31, 2014

Page 2: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Pre‐Funding Defined

Pre‐funding of future employee benefit cost obligations is an investment strategy that allows utilization of investment options that wouldn’t normally be permissible. But, because these investments are tied to the future employee benefit cost obligations, it makes them permissible investments.

Page 3: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Goal of a Pre‐Funding Strategy

The goal of pre‐funding of employee benefits is quite straight forward….to gain access to investments that aren’t normally available which may provide a higher rate of return than those investments credit unions traditionally utilize while at the same time helping to diversify the credit union’s investment portfolio.

Page 4: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Pre‐Funding History

The investment strategy of pre‐funding benefits has been employed by credit unions since 2007.  Today there are several hundred credit unions around the country that have employed this strategy to open up new investment opportunities that have provided credit unions higher returns.  These credit unions both Federally and state chartered have gone through many examinations with the examiners understanding the purpose and scope of pre‐funding and there have been no problems with this strategy.

Page 5: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Pre‐Funding By the RulesWhat is the regulatory basis for this program?• For Federal CU’s, NCUA Rule 701.19(c) allows CU’s to use what would normally be impermissible investments as a funding mechanism as long as the investments are tied to current and/or future employee benefits cost obligations

• Most states either have parity with the NCUA rules or have similar rules within their regulatory framework

Page 6: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

CU’s That Benefit From Pre‐Funding

• CU’s with significant excess liquidity which may not change much in the future 

• CU’s with lower loan to share ratios• CU’s that have low investment yields• CU’s that struggle with their benefit costs• CU’s that want to maintain their benefit packages

Page 7: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

How Does Pre‐Funding Work

• CU determines the present value of their future employee benefit cost obligations

• CU considers their liquidity situation and alternative investment options available

• CU picks an alternative investment option to utilize, makes an investment deposit, and ties that investment to their future employee benefit costs

• Extra earnings help the bottom line

Page 8: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Types of Investments Available

• Managed accounts• Life insurance based options• Annuities• Retail investments

Page 9: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Managed Accounts

• Often a mix of bonds and equities• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities• Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping to 

protect the CU’s income statement and important ratios• Will generate significant income and keep pace with changing 

interest rate environment• Make sure these are fully liquid and the money invested goes 

directly into an account set up for the credit union

Page 10: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Managed Accounts – Pros and Cons

• Pro – diversity of investments that provide stability and react in a timely way to interest rate changes.  These accounts should keep better pace with the inevitable interest rate increases.

• Pro – managed accounts are normally viewed as available for sale securities, so changes in portfolio value, up or down, are recorded as unrealized gains and losses with no impact on key ratios.

• Pro – generally higher earning potential.• Con – these investments can lose money especially if assets are taken out 

in a down market.• Con – may have more scrutiny because of the nature of the underlying 

investments.

Page 11: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Life Insurance Options

• Various types of life insurance can be used for funding

• Life insurance is owned by the CU and placed on the employees of the credit union with earnings going to the credit union

• This can be challenging to implement• Cost of insurance reduces earnings• May not keep up with interest rate changes

Page 12: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Life Insurance – Pros and Cons

• Pro – most life policies cannot lose money, principal protected• Pro – earnings from policies greater than current returns• Con – significant administrative headaches from insuring 

credit union employees• Con – paying for unneeded life insurance• Con – earnings impacted by administrative fees and life 

insurance costs• Con – life policy won’t keep pace as interest rates rise

Page 13: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Annuities

• Similar to life insurance• Earnings go to the credit union• Annuities not often used because of the very low earning rate

• Watch for surrender charges

Page 14: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Annuities – Pros and Cons

• Pro – fixed annuities cannot lose money, principal protected• Pro – earnings should exceed current investment yields• Con – variable annuities can lose principal• Con – administrative headache to place annuities• Con – annuities will not keep pace with interest rate changes• Con – most annuities have surrender charges so the asset has 

to be written down and the charges impede decisions to make changes in the portfolio

Page 15: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Retail Products

• Retail products include a long list of investment products meant for sale to your members

• Watch for the use of retail products, their cost structure which may include fees in the 2% to 3% range is not meant for institutional investing

• Watch for surrender charges and lock in provisions

Page 16: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

How Much to Invest

• Maximum is based on the present value of the future employee benefit costs.  This calculation should be redone yearly to ensure adequate documentation for examinations

• Most CU’s start with a smaller amount• Need to be prudent based on the amount of excess 

liquidity and future needs of the credit union• Need to avoid an over‐concentration in any one investment• Every CU will have a different solution based on their 

unique circumstances 

Page 17: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

How Much to Invest – cont.

The calculation involving future employee benefit costs should take into account a number of items; current benefit costs, history of benefit cost increases, future projection of employee count, employee salary increase history.  These amounts are projected into the future, usually 15 years is used, to provide a future cost amount.  This amount is then reduced to a present value.  The final amount is the maximum a credit union could invest to meet its future employee benefit cost projections.  This calculation should be done yearly.

Page 18: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

How Much to Invest – Example

ABC CU ‐ $185,000,000 assets  60 full time employees

Health insurance $252,000, average yearly increase 12%Dental insurance $38,545Health Savings Account $56,655Match on 401(k) $68,520Pension contribution $246,587Long term disability $9,500Group life $11,562Projected annual pay increase 3%Yield on average investments 1.25%

Present value of 15 years projected benefit costs  $17,217,579…This is the maximum the CU can invest to pre‐fund their benefits.

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Cash Flow

• Investments are owned by the credit union and deposits should flow directly into that CU owned account

• Earnings are either reinvested or distributed to the credit union via check usually on a quarterly basis

• Typically, there are several individuals at the credit union with trading authority in the account and have the ability to request distributions or cancel the arrangement with the proceeds paid to the credit union within a few days

Page 20: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Regulatory Guidelines

• There are few issued guidelines or hard and fast rules other than not investing more than the present value of future benefit cost obligations.  NCUA rule 701.19(c) or similar state rule governs the investment process

• Regulators do look for over‐concentration of investments with one carrier.  A guideline is to limit investment with a carrier to no more than 25% of net worth

• Avoid investments with surrender charges as the investment has to be written down

• Make sure your investment is liquid

Page 21: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Accounting

• The various types of investment have different accounting requirements

• Watch out for market‐to‐market valuations as there is a monthly impact to your income statement

• Some investments allow for available‐for‐sale status accounting which allows for unrealized gains/losses to pass to the balance sheet without impact to your income statement and important ratios

Page 22: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Accounting – cont.

• Typically, pre‐funding investments regardless of type, are listed in the investment category

• Depending on the type of investment, if there are month‐to‐month fluctuations in the principal amount then they are either noted as unrealized gain/loss on the balance sheet or a realized gain/loss on the income statement.

• Earnings from these special investments are generally booked just like other earnings to the income statement.  Typically the account to capture the earnings might have a special name denoting the pre‐funding program.

Page 23: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Impact of Investments

Lets take an example of a credit union that is 70% loaned out and has $60 million in excess liquidity.  If the credit union is earning 1.0% on the excess liquidity investments and would take $5.0 million and put it into a pre‐funding investment that yields 4.0%, the additional earnings would be $150,000.

Page 24: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Impact of Investments cont.

The additional earnings of $150,000 in the previous slide go on the credit union’s income statement boosting the credit union’s bottom line and ROA.  While the CU’s cost of benefits haven’t changed, the improved bottom line might make supporting the employee benefits easier.

Page 25: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Interest Rate Risk

• Low interest rates can’t last forever (someday the Fed will run out of ink to print money)

• Some investments will not respond adequately as interest rates increase; life insurance and fixed annuities are in this category

• Other investments, managed accounts or indexed life products may see a short term impact but should respond well as interest rates increase.  Look for products that are well positioned to respond

Page 26: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Pre‐Funding Today

• Hundreds of credit unions have implemented a program• To‐date, most programs are life insurance based• Life insurance funding is slowing down because returns are 

seen as minimal along with the administrative headaches dealing with the life insurance policies

• Managed accounts and indexed life products are gaining popularity because of their higher returns, lower complexity, and favorable accounting treatment

Page 27: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Conclusion

Pre‐funding of employee benefits is not an appropriate investment strategy for every credit union, but for many credit unions it can provide a vital boost to investment yields and take some of the pressure off of the ever increasing expenses related to employee benefits.

Page 28: Pre Funding Employee Benefits A Proven Investment Strategy• Can be bond/equity mutual funds or the actual bond/equities • Normally these are available‐for‐sale assets, helping

Contact Information

Joe TripalinNational Marketing DirectorOM Financial Group608‐445‐[email protected]