p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Pre-Emergence Grass Control in HayBruce Palmer Research Agronomist – The McGregor Company

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Grass Hay•Crop Protectant labels are very limited

•Cereal grains crop Grouping 15• Corn, Wheat, Barley, etc. - Many labels for grain crops

•Grain Forage, Fodder and Straw of cereals Group 16• Forage, fodder and straw of cereals grain Group 15

•Grass, Forage, Fodder and Hay Group 17• Any grass except those in the cereal grain group, that will be fed to or grazed by

livestock, all pasture range grasses and grasses grown for hay or silage

• Timothy is classified as a cool season C3 grass• IR4 17A subgroup

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Grass Hay•Timothy has less herbicide tolerance than some grasses in Group 17• Reducing herbicide options

•Grass hay for export lack MRL’s for herbicide active ingredients in many markets• Reducing labeled herbicide options

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Herbicides Site of Action•Understand what does MOA and SOA mean

• Herbicide Mode of Action (MOA) is how the herbicide works

• Herbicide Site of Action (SOA) describes where the herbicide binds in the plant

• Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) 1,2,3,4,5, etc.

• Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) world – A,B,K1,O,C1, etc.

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Herbicides SOA labeled for in Crop Use

5

WSSA HRAC Winter wheat Spring wheat Spring barley Triticale Garbanzo beans Pea Lentils Canola Timothy Alfalfa Fallow

1 A XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX ???

2 B XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX IMI/SU XXX XXX ???

3 K1 XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX ???

4 O XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX

5 C1 XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX xxx XXX ???

6 C3 XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX xxx XXX ???

7 C2 XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX ???

8 N XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX

9 G RR RR XXX

10 H LL ???

12 F1 XXX

14 E XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX

15 K3 XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX ???

19 P XXX

22 D XXX XXX

27 F2 XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX ???

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Herbicides Labeled for use in TimothyWSSA HRAC Timothy

1 A

2 B Ally Sandea

3 K1 Prowl H2O

4 O 2,4-D MCPA Dicamba Triclopyr Fluroxypyr Clopyralid

5 C1 Metribuzin in Axiom

6 C3 Bromoxynil in Huskie

7 C2

8 N

9 G

10 H

12 F1

14 E AIM Sharpen

15 K3 Flufenacet in Axiom

19 P Diflufenzopyr in Distinct

22 D

27 F2 Pyrasulfotole in Huskie

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Products Labeled for Grass Hay•Triclopyr (4) – Garlon 3A, Garlon 4, Vastlan, etc.

•2,4-D (4) – Freelexx, Rugged, 2,4-D amine, etc.

•Dicamba (4) – Banvel, Clarity, etc.

•MCPA (4) – Dagger, etc.

•2,4-D (4) + Dicamba (4) – Spitfire, RangeStar, RangeStar XLT, etc.

•Clopyralid (4) – Stinger, Transline, etc.

•Carfentrazone-ethyl (14)- AIM

•Diflufenzopyr (19) + Dicamba (4) – Distinct, Overdrive

•Halosulfuron-methyl (2)- Sandea

•Triclopyr (4) + Fluroxypyr (4) – PastureGard HL

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Products labeled for Timothy•Pendimethalin (3) - Prowl H2O, etc.

•Metribuzin (5) + Flufenacet (15)- Axiom DF

•Bromoxynil (6) + Pyrasulfotole (27)- Huskie

•Metsulfuron-Methyl (2) – Escort XP, Ally XP,etc.

•Fluroxypyr (4) – Starane Ultra, etc.

•Saflufenacil (14) - Sharpen

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Marestail Resistant to Glyphosate, Dicamba, 2,4-D

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Tumble Pigweed Resistant to Glyphosate, Dicamba, 2,4-D

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Group 4 Resistant Weeds•Confirmed Group 4 resistance in the USA

•Common Chickweed

•Annual Sowthistle

•Wild Mustard

•Buckhorn Plantain

•Prickly lettuce

•Kochia

•Catchweed Bedstraw

•Flixweed

•Wild Carrot

•Common Lambsquarters

•Etc.

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Products labeled for Timothy•Pendimethalin (3) - Prowl H2O, etc.

•Metribuzin (5) + Flufenacet (15)- Axiom DF

•Bromoxynil (6) + Pyrasulfotole (27)- Huskie

•Metsulfuron-Methyl (2) – Escort XP, Ally XP,etc.

•Fluroxypyr (4) – Starane Ultra

•Saflufenacil (14) - Sharpen

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Prowl H2O•Prowl H2O from BASF

•Pendimethalin 3.8 lb/gal Group 3 herbicide

•Pre-emergence control only•Needs to be applied prior to germinating water event

•Root and coleoptile absorption

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Prowl H2O

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Prowl H2O•Takes a minimum of ¾ inch of water for control

•Rainfall or overhead irrigation

•Moderate volatility •Best with water incorporation within 7 days

•Photodegradation is slow on dry soil surface

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Prowl H2O

Dr. Walter H. Gardner

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Prowl H2O•Labeled on cool season forage grasses

•Including Timothy

•Apply only to established stands•Grasses with 6 or more tillers per plant

•Use rates 1.1 to 4.2 quarts per acre•Maximum of 4.2 quarts per year

•H2O formulation washes of residue with water

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Formulation Overview

Less Binding to Crop Residue

10/23/200

8

18

HARDWOOD MULCH (shredded)

21 DAT

2.0 lb ai/A

UNTREATED PROWL 3.3 EC PROWL H2O

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Prowl H2O / Grass Control•Grassy weeds controlled with 4 pints or more

•Barnyardgrass

•Foxtail green and yellow

•Witchgrass

•Annual bluegrass – needs higher rate

•Crabgrass

•Johnsongrass (seedlings)

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Prowl H2O / Grass Suppression•Grassy weeds suppressed with 4 or more pts

•Downy brome

•Annual ryegrass/ Italian ryegrass

•Japanese brome

•Canarygrass

•Wild proso millet

•Wild oats

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Prowl H2O / Broadleaf Control•Broadleaf weeds controlled with 4 pt.

•Lady’s thumb, Pennsylvania smartweed

•Prostrate knotweed

•Common lambsquarters

•Purslane

•Pigweed species

•Redstem filaree

•Henbit

•Common groundsel

•London rocket, Black mustard, Wild mustard-Suppression

•Etc.

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Products labeled for Timothy

•Pendimethalin (3) - Prowl H2O, etc.

•Metribuzin (5) + Flufenacet (15)- Axiom DF

•Bromoxynil (6) + Pyrasulfotole (27)- Huskie

•Metsulfuron-Methyl (2) – Escort XP, Ally XP,etc.

•Fluroxypyr (4) – Starane Ultra

•Saflufenacil (14) - Sharpen

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Axiom DF•Axiom form Bayer CropScience

•Flufenacet group 15 plus Metribuzin group 5

•Labeled for use in Timothy hay•Washington, Oregon (except Jefferson county), Idaho

•On established stands only•One year old or have been through a seed or hay harvest

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Axiom DF•Has pre-emergence to early post emergence activity

• Best if applied before a germinating water event

• Annual grassy weeds up to two leaf

•Needs at least ½ inch of water for control• Rainfall or overhead irrigation

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Axiom DF

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Axiom DF• Do not use on soils with less than 1% Organic matter

• Should be at least 1.5%

• Do not use on coarse textured soils

• Do not use on soils with pH greater than 7.5

• Labeled use rate in Timothy is 8 to 10 oz.• Can cause injury with low organic matter or coarse soils or high pH

• When used on < 7.5 pH and OM > 1.5 may still see some crop response

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Axiom DF•Ground application only

• Not labeled to run through irrigation systems

• Not labeled to be applied by air

•Use only on timothy that is cut above 3.5 inches

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Axiom DF

•Grasses controlled•Annual bluegrass

•Rattail fescue

•Italian ryegrass

•Ventenata

•Windgrass

•Broadleaves controlled•Mouseear chickweed

•Smallseed falseflax

•Henbit

•Blue mustard

•Tumble mustard

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Axiom DF

•Grasses suppressed•Foxtail barley

•Blackgrass

•Downy brome

•Ripgut brome

•Soft brome

•California brome

•Large crabgrass

•Wild Oat

•Broadleaf suppressed•Common chickweed

•Coast fiddleneck

•Tarweed fiddleneck

•Common Lambsquarters

•Mayweed

•Pigweed spp.

•Prickly lettuce

•Shepherdspurse

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

McGregor Kittitas Valley Research Station2019 Plot layout for Timothy and Alfalfa Research

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Soil mapping pH

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Fall Axiom on High pH soil

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Closing Comments•Before applying any pesticide

• Read the label before

• Know the Agricultural Use Requirements

• Know recommended rate for the crop to be applied

• Any rotational restrictions for planned rotation?

• Are the MRL’s for the herbicide active ingredient going to be an issue for marketing?

p o w e r i n g I n n o v a t i o nR e g i o n a l l y f o c u s e d

Questions