prasad m n v

Emerging phytotechnologies for remediation of heavy meal polluted and contaminated soil and water

M.N.V. Prasad

Department of Plant Sciences University of HyderabadHyderabad 500046, A.P : 040-23011604; 23134509: [email protected][email protected]

M.N.V.PrasadDept. Plant Sciences

[email protected]

University with

potential for Excellence

Awarded 5* by NAAC

• This talk is confined to trace elements (non-mutable) (= metals, metalloids and radionuclides) in the environment

• Plants control 80% of the energy in most ecosystems (via solar radiation) and do not need external energy sources.

• Plants grow extensive root systems (the hidden half of the plant, often measures 1000s of km/acre/yr

• Phytotechnologies are ecologically sound alternatives and non-destructive compared to physical/chemical remediation methods feasible to apply to different ecosystems:

• Phytotechnologies provide "Green solution” to a variety of environmental problems rapidly growing in contemporary world


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Frequently Asked Questions(Mechanisms, Diversity, efficacy & safety related)

• How does phytotechnology works ?• Disbelief among scientists ? • Some say it is only temporary solution?• How are plants selected ?• How to dispose of the plants contaminated in the

process of phytoremediation ?• Will phytoremediation work on every contaminated/

polluted site ?• How do we know that phytoremediaiton is working ?• Are products of phytoremediation usable ?


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Biological Science

EngineeringChemical Science

Biochemistry

Biotechnology

Bioengineering

Chemical engineering


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

University of Hyderabad

Biotechnology

Environmental biologyGeology

Biogeotechnology

Environmental

Bio-Geo-technology

Environmental Geology

Environmental Biotechnology


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


Use of plants well beyond food, fodder, fuel, fiber and fertilizer is beginning of environmental biogeotechnology. Air, water and soil is polluted with toxic levels of trace elements and is a global issue Metal tolerant plants, and plants that hyperaccumulate toxic levels of metals are the useful tools for phytotechnologiesIn wealthy countries contamination is often highly localized, and the pressure to use contaminated land and water for agricultural food production or for human consumption, respectively, is minimal. However, pollution and contamination is wide spread in eastern European and some Asian countries [1] and is dramatically increasing in large parts of the developing world – egs India and China [2].[1] Meharg A.A: Arsenic in rice – understanding a new disaster for South-East Asia. Trends Plant Sci2004, 9:415-417.[2] Cheng S: Heavy metal pollution in China: origin, pattern and control. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2003, 10:192-198.Prasad, M.N.V. (1998) Metal-biomolecule complexes in plants: occurrence, functions and applications. Analusis 26: 25-28


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Heavy metal availability

Industry:

Plastic, textiles, microelectronics,

wood preservatives

Mining: mine refuse,

tainings, smelting

Agrochemicals:

FYM, pesticides, ground water

irrigation

Fly ash:Coal

combustion products

Aerosols:Pyrometallurgy,

Automobile exhausts

Biosolids: Sewage sludge,Domestic waste


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Phytotechnologies

Prasad M.N.V., Sajwan K.S, and Ravi Naidu (eds) (2006) Trace elements in the environment: Biogeochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioremediation.CRC Press. Boca Raton. USA. pages 726, Taylor and Francis Group

xxM.N.V.PrasadDept. Plant Sciences

[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC



Soil

WaterAir

Other uses

RhizofiltrationHydraulic barriersConstructed wetlands Vegetation caps

Buffer zones for storm water retention bioengineering for erosion control

Green belts Green live walls

Green roofs

Phytoextraction, PhytostabilizationPhytoimmobilization, Phytovolatilization

Prasad, M.N.V. and H. Freitas (2003) Metal hyperaccumulation inplants – Biodiversity prospecting for phytoremediation technology. Electronic J. of Biotechnology 6(3):275-321 Online electronic journal.http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol6/issue3/index.html



[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

2002 US-EPA prioritized phytotech projects

Prasad, M.N.V. (2003). Phytoremediation of Metal-Polluted

Ecosystems: Hype for Commercialization Russian Journal of Plant

Physiology, 50 (5) 686–700.

Fiziologiya Rastenii, Vol. 50, No. 5, 2003, pp. 764–780.(in Russian)


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


is up to 1% in dry matter (depends on metal)

Prasad, M.N.V. (ed) (2001) Metals in the Environment: Analysis by biodiversity. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York. pp. 504


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


Environmental crops (annual and perennials)

Prasad, M.N.V. and H. Freitas (2003) Metal hyperaccumulation in plants – Biodiversity prospecting for phytoremediation technology. Electronic J. of Biotechnology 6(3):275-321 Online journalhttp://www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol6/issue3/index.html


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Prasad, M.N.V. and H. Freitas (2003) Metal hyperaccumulation in plants – Biodiversity prospecting for phytoremediation technology. Electronic J. of Biotechnology 6(3):275-321. Online journal. http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol6/issue3/index.html


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


Metal (Pb)

Metal (Pb)Phytoextraction

Composting/Landfill pits

Incineration/ Cofiring with coal

26 wt%


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Prosopis juliflora was found to be occurring extensively on the pegmatitic tailings Leaves and twigs accumulated large concentrations of Sr, B, and Ba. (Nagaraju and Prasad Envir Geol. 36: 320-324, 1998)

The ubiquitous thorny tree has an extraordinary ecologic amplitude and tolerance for a variety of elements.


[email protected]

University with potential for ExcellenceAwarded 5 stars by NAAC


Biomass power plant near Vijayawa > 30 % feedstock is from P.juliflora

Charcoal production using Prosopis juliflora


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Composting Incineration

Extraction

Recovery and use Biodiesel, Industrial use and fibres etc.

Harvested biomass of the selected industrial, fibreand energy crops is processed for metal recovery

Radionuclides

Trace elements

Environmental crops

Appropriate agrotechnology isbeing developed via “-omics” and biogeotechnologyfor sustainabledevelopment

Gratão PL, Prasad, M.N.V., Lea P.J. and Azevedo R.A. (2005) Phytoremediation: green technology for the clean up of toxic metals in the environment . Brazilian J Plant Physiology 17(1):53-64

IndustrialUse

BiodieselPrasad 2006

Prasad M.N.V., Sajwan K.S, and Ravi Naidu (eds) (2006) Trace elements in the environment: Biogeochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioremediation.CRC Press. Boca Raton. USA. pages 726, Taylor and Francis Group

Rhizosphere biogeotechnology

Soil solution pool

Metal + Ligand = complex

biogeochemical processes

Uptake

Excretion

Respiration

Leakage

Exudation

H2O

C+/A-

H+/HCO3

CO2

OC

O2

Inorganic\organic phase

pe

L-

pH

C+/A-

Plant root

Organic

matter

Organic acids

Root exudate

Bacteria

Mycorrhizae

Phytosiderophores

Iron plaque Transporter

M.N.V.Prasad, Dept. Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad

DesorptionAdsorption

DissociationPrecipitation

Redoxreaction

ChelationComplexation

H+HCO3-

Organic acids

Phytochelatins

Phytosiderophores

EnzymesInorganic ligands

Root-microbial associations

Acidification

Alkalinization

Precipitation

Chelation

SolubilizationImmobilization

Reduction

Transformation

Volatilization

Phytoimmobilization Phytoextraction Phytovolatiolization


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Relevant publications Walker T S, Bais H P, Grotewold E, Vivanco J M (2003) Root exudation and rhizosphere biology; Plant Physiology132 44-51.

Barceló J, Poschenrieder C, Tolrà R.P. (2003) Importance of Phenolics in Rhizosphere and Roots for Plant–Metal Relationships. Proc. 7th Intern. Conf. on the Biogeochem. of Trace Elements, Uppsala

Barcelo J and Poschenrieder C (2002) Fast root growth responses, root exudates, and internal detoxification as clues to the mechanisms of aluminium toxicity and resistance: a review; Environ Exp Bot 48 75-92.

Stem cutting

Roots in 100% humidity

Humid soil

Nylon net 25 µmto prevent root penetration into soil

M.N.V.Prasad, University of Hyderabad

Rhizosphere biotechnology - The rhizobox system with blotting

devices to collect the rhizospheric exudates - A suitable absorbing

matrix will be used.

Most simplified rhizobox systems used for collecting the rhizospheric exudates


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Proteomics

Metabalomics

Metallomics

Proteins

TranscriptomecDNA mRNA

Metabollomes

Metallome

Genomics

Biosysthesis/

Metabolism

phosphorus, sulfur, or nitrogen interaction with other cellular systems such as the genome, proteome, metabolome, and physical environment

Metal Transporters

Metallic ions

Proteomes

Plasma membrane

Genome

NUCLEUS

M

M

M

M

M

IonomicsPrasad 2006

Cell wall

Prasad (2004) Proc. Indian natn Sci Acad. B70 No. 1 pp 73-100M.N.V.PrasadDept. Plant Sciences

[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Brassicaceae are the best candidates for

phytoremediation and are amenable to

biotechnology

Arabidopsis thalianaArmoracia rusticana

Brassica juncea

A novel family of

ubiquitous heavy metal

transport proteins and

cation transporter

families have been

characterizeds

Electroporation, PEG

mediated DNA uptake, particle

bombardme nt microinjection,

Agrobacterium cocultivation

etc. successful

Tissue culture techniques

and Agrobacterium

mediated transformations

have been well established

Prasad, M.N.V. and H. Freitas (2003) Metal hyperaccumulation in plantsBiodiversity prospecting for phytoremediation technology. Electronic J. of Biotechnology 6(3):275-321 Online electronic journal. http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol6/issue3/index.html


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Prof Richard S. Gordon, School of Agribusiness and Resource Management Arizona State University East, Mesa AZ, USA for hosting and arranging field visits to copper mines in the vicinity of Tucson and Globe. Thanks are due to Mr Stuart A. Bengson, Engineer for Ecosystem Rehabilitation, ASARCO Inc. Copper Operations, Tucson AZ, USA and Mr Terence O. Wheeler, President and General Manager, Arizona Ranch Management and Natural Resurce ManagementGlobe, AZ, USA.

World’s largest copper mine tailing remediation, Arizona, USA


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

50-100s of feet

Eichhornia crassipes

Elodea canadensis

Heteranthera dubia

Myriophyllum spicatum

Potamogeton pectinatus

P.richardsonii

Ceratophyllum demersum

Vallisneria american

V. spiralis

Aquatic macrophytes for phytotechnologies

Wolffia globosa

Lemna trisulca

Hydrilla verticillata

Typha latifolia

Concentration Factor:[Metal] plant (µg/g dry wt)

[Meta] water(µg/mL)


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

As contaminated ground water

Pretreatment and Conducive physico-chemical parameters for plant uptake

As As As As AsAs

Phytomass harvest – As recovery = phytoextraction

Water for

Domestic use

Phytovolatilization Arsenic hyperaccumulator


[email protected]


Sedimentation pod

Air

Free water surface wetland Cell

Anoxic limestone drain Cell

SAPS Cell (Successive Alkalinity Producing Systems

(SAPS) Cell

Aerobic bioreactor Cell

Vertical sub-surface flow wetland Cell

Anaerobic bioreactor cell

Oxic limestone drain Cell

Compost Cell

Inflow

Sand

Gravel


[email protected]



[email protected]


Effluent

Influent

Influent

Cascade model for removal of xenobiotis and treatment of waste streams

Spartina alterniflora = Cord grass

Sporolobus virginicus = Coastal dropseed

Salicornia virginica = Perennial glasswort

Cladium jamaicense = Sawgrass

Salicornia alterniflora = Vermillon cordgrass

Scirpus validus = Great bulrush

Common Reed bedSettling tank

Buffering tank

Outlet

Treatment tank

Inflow

Outflow

Macrophytes

Sand and gravel layers

Vertical flow


[email protected]


Inflow

Outflow

Subsurface horizontal flow Macrophytes

Sand and gravel layers


[email protected]


Evidence for zinc protection to cadmium exposed Ceratophyllum demersum L.

Toxicity bioassay under different metal treatments

Cd-10 M + Zn-10 M +Zn-50 MControl + Zn-100 M +Zn-200 M

J.Analytical Atomic Spectrophotometry (RSC) 2004,19: 52-57 Plant Science 2004,166:1321-1327; 2005,169: 245-254 Bull Envir Contam Toxicology 2004,72,1038–1045; 2004,73,174–181Plant Physiol and Biochem 2003 41:, 391-397; 2005,43: 107-116Brasilian J Plant Physiol. 2005,17:3-20Chemosphere 2005,61: 1720-1733European J Mineral Processing and Envir Protection, 2005,4:95-101


[email protected]



[email protected]


An ideal experimental system for rhizofiltration of environmental pollutants and

contaminants

Nymphae nouchalii (Indian lotus) - a common tropical aquatic

macrophyte needed in constructed wetlands for water

purification. Wetlands are threatned ecosystems !!! (Ramsar

convention). Large lakes and water bodies are disappering

A constructed wetland near Vijayawada for water storage and purification (introduced aquatic macrophytes)

Vallisneria spiralis (Tape grass)Constructed wetland

Metal Conc. mg/g dry wt

No of taxa

No. of families

Classic e.g.

Cd > 0.1 1 1 Thlaspi caerulescensPb >1 14 6 Minuartia verna

Co >1 28 11 Aeollanthus biformifoliusCu >1 37 15 Aeollanthus biformifoliusNi >1 317 37 Alyssum bertolonii, Berkheya coddiMn >10 9 5 Macadamia neurophyllaZn >10 11 5 Sedum alfredii, Thlaspi caerulescens

As >22 2 1 Pteris vittata, Pityrogramma calomelanos

Ma et al, Nature 2001Arsenic accumulation in

ferns

As mg kg-1 Reference

Pteris vittata 22,630 Ma et al. 2001

Pityrogrammacalomelanos

8350 Francesconiet al 2002

P. umbrosa 7600 Zhao et al. 2002

P.cretica 3030 Zhao et al. 2002

Ceratophyllum demersum L.:A free floating aquatic macrophyte


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


Table 1: Dietary, environmental sources of arsenic and toxicity (Oliveira da Silva et al 2005, Kumaresan and Riyazuddon 2005, Li and Chen 2005, Nriagu 1989, Pacyna & Pacyna 2001)Natural sources

Windblown dusts,. Sea salt spray, Volcanoes, Forest fires, Continental particulates and volatiles, Marine

Anthropogenic sources

Fossil fuel combustion , Non-ferrous metal production,Iron and steel production,Cement production, Poultry and pig manure, Waste disposal

Food Bovine, chicken meat, sheep, sea food, Indian mustard, tomato, grape juice, wine, spinach, carrots, schrimps, green papaya, rice, milk, soya-sauce etc.

Industrial and veterinary products

Pigments, insecticides and herbicides, hematosis additives, wood preservatives, manufacturers of glass , alloys, and semiconductor materials electronics, catalysts, and veterinary chemicals

Toxicity The major arsenic species are: arsenite As(III), arsenate As(V), arsenious acids (H3AsO3, H2AsO3– ,HAsO3 2 –), arsenic acids (H3AsO4, H2AsO4–,, HAsO42 –), dimethylarsinate (DMA), monomethylarsonate (MMA), arsenobetaine (AB) and arsenocholine (AC). Oxidation states that arsenic commonly exhibits (– III, 0, III, V) . Arsenite is 10 times more toxic than arsenate and 70 times more toxic than the methylated species, DMA and MMA. DMA and MMA are moderately toxic, whereas AB and AC are virtually non-toxic.M.N.V.Prasad

Dept. Plant Sciences

[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


Phytochelatins


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


Elless MP, Poynton CY,. Willms CA, Doyle MP, Lopez AC, Sokkary DA, FergusonBW and Blaylock MJ (2005) Pilot-scale demonstration of phytofiltration for treatment of arsenic in New Mexico drinking water WaterResearch, 39: 3863-3872Photographs of the principal components of the phytofiltration system, (a) plant in potting mix, foam wrap, and cup, (b) plant suspension tray showing location of eight plants per tray, (c) an entire wrapped fern plant, (d) tray of eight fern plants, and (e) bank of ferns in phytofiltration nursery system used to develop the root system of the ferns.


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC


1. Low molecular weight organic acids and amino acids

Hall 2002; Deiana et al 2003; Delhaize et al 1993, Hall 2002; Ma et al 2001b; Pigna et al 2003; Sanità Di Toppi et al 2003; Wu et al 2003

2. Heat shock proteins

Reddy and Prasad 1993; Neumann et al 1994; Reddy and Prasad 1995

3. Vacuolar compartmentation

Prasad 1995, 1997, 1999, Clemens et al 2002;

4. Metal transporters (cation efflux family = cation diffusion family)

Assuncão et al 2001; Lasat et al 2000; Persans et al 2001, Pence et al 2000; Guerinot 2000, Prasad 2002a, 2003a; Mc Grath and Zhao 2003

Adaptive ecophysiological, biochemical and molecular basis for phytotechnologies

Prasad (2004) Proc. Indian natn Sci Acad. B70 No. 1 pp 73-100Contd… M.N.V.Prasad

Dept. Plant Sciences

[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Contd… previous slide

5. Rhizosphere biotechnology and Physiology and biochemistry of metal tolerance and toxicity

Wenzel et al 2003 in Prasad 2004; Prasad and Strzalaka 2002

6. Genetic and transgenic strategies for metal hyper accumulation

Clemens 2001, Clemens et al 2002, Karenlampi et al 2000, Pena and Seguin 2001, Gisbert et al 2003, Krämer and Chardonnens2001, Krämer 2005

7. Mycorrhizae

Bi et al 2003; Jan Colpaert 2001 in Prasad 2001; Khan 2001; Khan et al 2000;

8. Naturally occuring metal accumulators

Brooks 1998, Prasad 2001, Prasad and Freitas 2003

Prasad (2004) Proc. Indian natn Sci Acad. B70 No. 1 pp 73-100

Adaptive ecophysiological, biochemical and molecular basis for phytotechnologies


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Phytotechnologies - assessment and applicability

Site conditions Field pilot trials Post monitoring

• Site layouts

• Hydrological conditions

• Ground water

• Weather

• Agronomic studies

• Plant selection

• Planting techniques

• Soil amendments

•Fertilizer application

•Maintenance and

after care

• Soil sampling

• Ground water sampling

• Plant sampling

• Air monitoring


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

-omicsIonomics

MetallomicsMetabollomics

Proteomics Genomics

Rhizosphere biotechnologyConservation of metallophytes

Environmental cropsMetal hyperaccumulators

Global metallophyte initiative

Metal recovery and residue management

Amedments and environmental safety

Risks of remediation

Metallophyte regional mapping

Metallophyte data base and diverisity

SCOPE

LIMITATION

Phytotechnologies scope and limitations

Conclusion


[email protected]


Double beam UV-VIS and NIR reflectance spectrophotometersCyclotec mill and Flame photometer

Research Labs

We have a well organized “Environmental Biotechnology laboratory” in the Dept. of Plant Sciences. Our research group in studies on Plant-Metals interactions from molecules to ecosystem (Phytotehnologies). Published extensively on metal-binding complexes, toxicity reversal mechanisms, metal-ion interactions with micronutrients, impact of metal-ions on growth, photosynthesis and co-stress phenomena. Metal resistance mechanisms have been investigated in wide range of experimental systems which include: green algae:Scenedesmus quadricauda, S.bijugatus, Chlamydomonasreinhardtii; crop plants: Oryza sativa, Sorghum bicolor, Zeamays, Vigna radiata and Brassica juncea; aquatic macrophytes: Ceratophyllum demersum, Vallisneriaamericana and Lemna trisulca.• Ferritin in Vigna mungo and transgenic Brassica juncea,itsfunctions on iron homeostasis, oxidative stress and heavy metal detoxification were investigated and published. • Phytoremediation of metal polluted terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, characterization of plant community tolerant to toxic trace mentals, development of biofilters for toxic metals using the phytomass of Acacia nilotica and Quercus ilex have been investigated (selected publications: Analusis 1998, 26: 25-28; Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1988, 851: 216-223; Biochemical Archives 1992, 8: 101-106; 1993, 9: 25-32; 1994, 10: 185-188; Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1992, 49: 600-605; 1999, 60: 306-311; 1998, 61: 623-628; 62: 502-507; 2004, 72:1038-1045; 2004, 73:174-181; Current Science 1989, 58: 1380-1382; Eectronic J. Biotechnology1999, 2:36-50; 2003, 6:285-312; Environmental and. Experimental Botany 1990, 30:251-264; 1995, 35:525-545; Environmental Pollution 2000, 110: 277-283; 2005, 135: 209-220; International J. of Phytoremediation 2001, 3: 289-300; J Analytical Atomic Spectrophotometry (RSC) 2004, 19: 52-57; J Plant Physiology 1992, 140: 156- 162; 1995, 145: 67-70; 1999; 155: 652-655; Photosynthetica 1995, 31: 635-640; Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2003, 41: 391-397; 2005, 43: 107-116; Plant Science 1998, 138: 157-165; 2001, 160: 291-299; 2001,161: 881-889; 2005, 169:245-254; Russian J Plant Physiology 2003; 50: 686-701, 2005, 51: 233-237;Environmental International 2004, 30: 65-72; Chemosphere 2004, 54, 1625-1642; 2005, 61: 1720-1733, Brazilian J Plant Physiology 2005 17(1): 3-20, 53-64, 113-128; European J Mineral Processing & Envir Protection 2004, 4: 95-101, 136-143; Journal of Geochemical Exploration 2005, 85: 99-107.

Computers Lab

Prasad, M.N.V., Sajwan, K.S and Ravi Naidu (Eds) (2006) Trace elements in the environment: Biogeochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioremediation. CRC Press. Boca Raton Taylor and Francis Group. 726 pp.

Prasad, M.N.V. (ed) (2004). Heavy metal stress in plants: From biomolecules to ecosystems. Springer-VerlagHeidelberg. 2nd Ed. pp. 462+xiv. Simulateouslypublished by Narosa Publishing House. New Delhi 2nd Ed. pp. 462+xiv

Prasad, M.N.V. and K. Strzalka (eds) (2002)Physiology and biochemistry of metal toxicity and tolerance in plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht. pp. 432.

Prasad, M.N.V. (ed) (2001) Metals in the Environment Analysis by biodiversity. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York. pp. 504

Prasad, M.N.V. and J. Hagemeyer (eds) (1999) Heavy Metal Stress in Plants: From molecules to ecosystems. Springer Verlag. Heidelberg. pp. 401

Prasad, M.N.V. (ed) (1997) Plant Ecophysiology, John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York USA. pp. 542


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

Prof. Prasad is also the Coordinating the Post Gratudate Diploma in Environmental Education and Management (PGDEM) program since 1995 for the Centre for Distance Education. He had authored and also edited several lessons in the study material for the PGDEM.Established Infrastructure (with the financial support of DBT, DST, MNES MoEF, CSIR etc.): GBC 932 Plus Flame-Graphite furnace Atomic absorption spectrophotometer, Electrophoresis apparatus, refrigerated centrifuge, Cintra 5 UV-VIS and Chemito 2100 UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometers with adequate computational facility. The research laboratories are furnished with the basic equipment such as Milli Q water distillation System, heavy duty horizontal autoclave, Refrigerators (-20oC), Sterilization equipment (Millipore), Laminar flow chambers, Stereo zoom and binocular microscopes, SLR/Digital Photographic cameras with a wide range of lenses are available. Some labs are air conditioned. Field research facility includes green house, net houses and seed storage module and is backed up by a 50 KVA diesel power generator.

Group leader: M.N.V. Prasad, ProfessorTel: +91-40-23011604; 040-23134509 Fax +91-40- 23010145; Email: [email protected]

Stereo zoom microscope UV-VIS spectrophotometer

GBC Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Research Labs


[email protected]

University with


Awarded 5* by NAAC

prasad m n v

Documents