TOPIC: Cell ProcessesAIM: Explain the two types of

respiration.

Do Now: 1. Take out your cell respiration reading

notes. 2. Label cell organelles in you cell

organelles notes.

HW: Chemistry Castle Learning?????

Cell membrane

Cell wall

cytoplasm

vacuole

nucleuschloroplast

centriolesmitochondria

ER

1. Describe the process of cell respiration.• Glucose is broken down to make

ENERGY available for cellular activity.

2. Identify the two types of cellular respiration.

• Aerobic and anaerobic respiration

3. Where does aerobic respiration occur in a cell?• Begins in the cytoplasm and

ends in the MITOCHONDRIA.

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP

Waste Products

EQUATION

Raw materials

Product

Glucose Oxygen Carbon dioxide

Water Energy

4. Identify the raw materials used by aerobic respiration.

• Glucose• Oxygen

5. Identify the waste products released by aerobic respiration.• Water and carbon dioxide

6. Identify the number of ATP produced as a result of aerobic respiration.

• 36

7. Identify the major difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.• Aerobic respiration USES

OXYGEN while anaerobic respiration DOES NOT use oxygen.

8. Identify another name for anaerobic respiration.• FERMENTATION

9. Where does fermentation occur in a cell?• Cytoplasm

10. Identify the 2 types of fermentation.• Lactic acid fermentation• Alcoholic fermentation

11. Identify the raw materials of fermentation.• Glucose

C6H12O6 Lactic acid + 2ATPEQUATION

Waste ProductGlucose Energy

Raw material

12. Identify the waste product released as a result of lactic acid fermentation.

• Lactic acid

13. Identify the number of ATP produced as a result of lactic acid fermentation.

•2ATP

14. Identify the types of cells that lactic fermentation occurs.

•Muscle cells•Bacteria

15. Describe the effect of lactic acid fermentation in humans.

• Causes muscles to burn

• Muscle fatigue

• C6H12O6 lactic acid + 2ATPhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DGq94gpKEbg

16. Identify substances that can be produced by lactic acid fermentation in bacteria.• Yogurt• Sour cream• Buttermilk

17. Identify the organism in which alcoholic fermentation occurs.• Yeast

C6H12O6 Ethyl Alcohol + CO2 + 2ATP

EQUATION

Waste Products

Glucose Energy

Raw material

Carbon dioxide

18. Identify substances that can be produced as a result of alcoholic fermentation.• Carbon dioxide • Ethyl alcohol (beer and wine)

19. Identify the number of ATP produced as a result of alcoholic fermentation.

•2ATP

Let’s review: Choose AEROBIC or ANAEROBIC or BOTH for the statements below.

1. Produces 2ATP.2. Utilizes oxygen.3. Can occur in muscle cells when oxygen is not

present.4. Release lactic acid as waste.5. Produces 36 ATP.6. Occurs in mitochondria.7. Also known as fermentation.8. Release CO2 and H2O as wastes.9. Can cause muscle fatigue.

ANAEROBICAEROBIC

ANAEROBICANAEROBIC

AEROBICAEROBIC

ANAEROBICAEROBIC

ANAEROBIC

10. Occurs only in the cytoplasm.11. Glucose is a raw material.12. Can release alcohol as a waste.13. Most efficient.14. Can occur in yeast.15. Can occur in bacteria.16. Does not use oxygen.17. Release energy used for all life processes.

ANAEROBICBOTH

ANAEROBICAEROBIC

ANAEROBICANAEROBICAEROBIC

AEROBIC

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATPGlucose Oxygen Carbon

dioxide Water Energy

1. Identify the equation above. Support your answer.

2. Identify the location of this process within a cell.

3. Identify the raw materials of this process.4. Identify the WASTE PRODUCTS of this process.

5. Identify the product used to carry on life activities.6. How many ATP are produced?

Aerobic respiration – oxygen is used

mitochondriaGlucose and oxygen

Carbon dioxide and water

ATP36

C6H12O6 lactic acid + ATP1. Identify the equation above. Support your

answer.2. Identify the location of this process within a cell.

3. Identify the raw materials of this process.4. Identify the WASTE PRODUCTS of this

process.5. Identify the product used to carry on life

activities.6. How many ATP are produced as a result of this

process?

Anaerobic respiration – no oxygen is used

cytoplasm

glucose

Lactic acid

ATP

2

C6H12O6 lactic acid + ATP7. Identify the cell in which this process occurs in animals.8. Identify the effect this process has in animals.

9. Identify the unicellular organism in which this process occurs.10. Identify the substances produced by the unicellular organism.

Muscle cells

Muscle fatigue

Bacteria

Yogurt, sour cream, buttermilk

Both animal and plant

cells

Animal Cells Plant Cells

Animal and Plant Cells Venn Diagram ReviewDirections: Fill in the differences and similarities between animal and plant cells.

mitochondriaribosomesER

cell membranecytoplasm

nucleus

Centrioles No centriolesSmaller vacuoles Larger vacuoles

ChloroplastsNo chloroplastsCell wallNo cell wallAutotrophicHeterotrophic

Lab: Characteristics of Life• Work with your 6 o’clock partner.• Determine the life process described by each

statement and fill in your answers in the spaces provided.

• At each station, you will:– Circle the characteristics you observe– Determine the condition (alive, dead, dormant, a

product of a living thing, or never alive)– Write a reason for your decision.

• You will continue the lab tomorrow. The entire lab must be completed and handed in by the end of the period tomorrow

  Aerobic Cellular

Respiration

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation

Does it require oxygen?

     

Raw materials      

Products      

Location inside

a cell

     

Amount of ATP made in the cell

     

Types of cells where it occurs

     

YES NO NOC6H12O6

O6

C6H12O6 C6H12O6

CO2, H2O, ATP

Lactic acidATP

Alcohol, CO2

ATP

mitochondria cytoplasm cytoplasm

36 2 2muscle cellsbacteria

yeast

Let’s summarize…1. Explain why the process of respiration is so

important.2. Explain the difference between the two types

of respiration.3. What nutrient is used in both types of

respiration?4. Which type of respiration is more efficient?

In the presence of oxygen, _____ molecules of ATP can be formed.

(1.)2      (2.) 19        (3.) 36          (4.) 63

Where do the final stages of aerobic respiration appear to take place? (1.) along the endoplasmic reticulum (2.) in the cytoplasm (3.) on the surface of ribosomes (4.) within the mitochondria

During aerobic respiration, the chemical energy of a glucose molecule is gradually released, producing 36 ATP and

(1.) NH3 and O2         (2.) NH3 and CO2  (3.) H2O and O2

(4.) H20 and CO2

Aerobic respiration and fermentation are similar in that BOTH processes (1.) require oxygen (2.) use light energy (3.) release energy (4.) produce glucose

The net yield of ATP from the process of fermentation is (1.) 2 (2.) 4 (3.) 34 (4.) 36

Which process yields lactic acid and small amounts of usable energy? (1.) photosynthesis (2.) aerobic respiration (3.) anaerobic respiration (4.) chemosynthesis

Muscles cells engaged in vigorous activity build up relatively high concentrations of (1.) lactic acid (2.) pyruvic acid (3.) alcohol (4.) oxygen

Yeast cells undergoing anaerobic respiration produce carbon dioxide and (1.) water (2.) ethyl alcohol (3.) nitrogen (4.) glucose

These groups of cells represent different(1) tissues in which similar cells function together (2) organs that help to carry out a specific life activity (3) systems that are responsible for a specific life activity (4) organelles that carry out different functions.

Which structure permits the entry and exit of materials in an animal cell?

1. lysosome 2. chromosome

3. cell wall 4. cell membrane

Whitney observes a cell under the microscope. She identifies it as a green plant cell and not a cheek cell because of a (1.) nucleus (2.) cell membrane (3.) cell wall (4.) mitochondrion

Which structure is found ONLY in animal cells?

(1.) cell wall (2.) vacuoles (3.) centrioles (4.) chloroplasts

The organelle most closely associated with the manufacture of proteins within the cell is the

(1.) ribosome (2.) nucleolus (3.) cell wall (4.) cell membrane

The organelle that assists in the transport of materials throught the cell is known as

(1.) ribosome (2.) nucleolus (3.) endoplasmic reticulum(4.) cell membrane

The organelle where the synthesis of proteins occur is called the

(1.) nucleolus(2.) ribosome (3.) nucleus(4.) endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles which store materials within a cell are called

(1.) nuclei(2.) ribosomes (3.) centrioles(4.) vacuoles

Autotrophic nutrition occurs in(1.) mitochondria.(2.) ribosomes. (3.) chloroplasts.(4.) vacuoles.

Identify the cell structure that provides rigidity and support to plant cells.

(1.) chloroplasts(2.) ribosomes(3.) cell wall(4.) endoplasmic reticulum

Identify the cell structure that is selectively permeable.

(1.) plasma membrane(2.) cell wall(3.) nucleus(4.) mitochondria

All of the following are cell organelles except the

(1.) nucleus(2.) cytoplasm(3.) mitochondria(4.) endoplasmic reticulum

Which statement regarding vacuoles is incorrect?

(1.) Vacuoles are used for storing materials within a cell.

(2.) The vacuoles in plant cells are smaller than animal cell vacuoles.

(3.) Animal cells have more vacuoles than plant cells.

(4.) Vacuoles can move around the cells along with the cytoplasm.

Which statement regarding the cell membrane is incorrect?

(1.) It is selectively permeable.(2.) It prevents harmful substances from

entering the cell.(3.) It is a living part of the cell.(4.) It separates the cell organelles from the

external environment.