[ppt]piping drafting & drawing - universiti malaysia...
TRANSCRIPT
LECTURE 7: PIPING DRAFTING & DRAWING
Prepared by: Nor Helya Iman Bt. Kamaludin
1PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Industrial Process Piping
Industrial process piping involves the used of piping to transport fluids between storage tanks and processing equipment.
2PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Types of Piping Plumbing Civil Piping Transportation
Piping
Fuel Pipes
Infrastructure Pipes
PVC Pipes
3PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Uses of Industrial Piping
Water Natural gas Electric power Specialty items like paper pulp or
liquid foods Sewer Storm drains And more…
4PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Pipe Drafting
Pipe drafting utilizes many different types of drawings: Flow diagrams Structural and site plans Mechanical and instrumentation drawings
Pipe can be drawn in two forms: double line & single line.
5PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Facts about Pipe Drafting
Most common & complex type of pipe drawing are plans and sections that show building outlines.
Equipment shown on piping plans and section drawings are drawn as outlines to illustrate clearances and access.
Piping drawings are normally dimensioned in an architectural style.
6PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Facts about Pipe DraftingSingle-line Drawings (time saving method)
The centerline is used to represent the pipe
Standard pipe symbols are used
Pipe & fittings are drawn as heavy lines
7PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Pipe DrawingPiping drawings show the size and location of pipes, fittings, and valves. A set of symbols has been developed to identify these features on drawings.
The two types of projection used in plumbing and piping diagrams are projection orthographic and isometric (pictorial).
Using scale drawing, it provides plan, elevation and section views.
All equipment, fittings, dimensions and notes are shown on this type of drawing.
8PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
ORTHOGRAPHIC PLUMBING PIPE DRAWINGS
Orthographic pipe drawings can be:- single-line drawings: the centerline which represent the pipe is drawn as a thick line and add valves and fittings, OR- double- line drawings: need to draw each valve and fitting that are required in piping system
An orthographic drawing that shows all of the pipe and fittings needed to assemble a segment of piping
Orthographic pipe drawings can be:- single-line drawings where you draw the center line of the pipe as a thick line and add valves and fittings, or - double- line drawings where you draw each valve and fitting.
Drafters usually use single-line drawings to shows the arrangement of pipes and fittings.
9PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
ORTHOGRAPHIC PLUMBING PIPE DRAWINGS (CONT’D)
Double-line drawings are generally used in applications, such as catalogs, where visual appearance is more important than drawing time (require more time to draw)
Orthographic pipe drawings are sometimes used on more complicated piping systems.
10PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
ORTHOGRAPHIC PLUMBING PIPE DRAWINGS (CONT’D)
Double-line orthographic drawing
Single-line orthographic drawing
11PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
ISOMETRIC (PICTORIAL) PLUMBING PIPE DRAWING
Isometric pipe
drawings use to draw for all pipes
bend in more than
one plane.
Apply either the single-
line or double line
method.
The finished
drawings are easier
to understand in pictorial
format than as
orthographic line
drawings. 12PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
ISOMETRIC (PICTORIAL) PLUMBING PIPE DRAWING (CONT’D)
Single-line isometric pipe
drawingDouble-line
isometric pipe drawing
13PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
CONNECTION Permanent connections,
whether made by welding or other
processes such as gluing or soldering, should be shown on
the drawing by a heavy dot.
Draftsman normally will use a
general note or specification to
describe the type of connection.
The specification, a general note, or bill of material will list the
types of connections such as
flanges, unions, or couplings and
whether the fittings are flanged or
threaded.
Detachable connections are
shown by a single thick line.
14PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
FITTINGS
Sometimes standard symbols for fittings like tees, elbows, crossings, and so forth, are not shown on drawings.
Use the circular symbol for a tee or elbow when it is necessary to show piping coming toward or moving away from the viewer.
Indicating the ends of pipe fittings 16PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Types of Pipe
Cast Iron Steel Copper & Copper
Alloys Plastic
Clay Glass Wood Steel Tubing
17PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Gate Valves A gate valve is a linear
motion valve used to start or stop fluid flow;
However, it does not regulate or throttle flow.
The name gate is derived from the appearance of the disk in the flow stream.
23PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Globe valve
A globe valve is a linear motion valve used to stop, start, and regulate fluid flow.
24PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Butterfly valve A butterfly valve is a
rotary motionvalve that is used to start, stop, and regulate fluid flow.
Butterfly valves are easily and quickly operated because a 90o rotation of the handle moves the disk from a fully closed to fully opened position.
Larger butterfly valves are actuated by handwheels connected to the stem through gears that provide mechanical advantage at the expense of speed.
25PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Check valveCheck valves are designed to prevent the reversal of flow in a piping system.
These valves are activated by the flowing material in the pipeline.
The pressure of the fluid passing through the system opens the valve, while any reversal of flow will close the valve.
Closure is accomplished by the weight of the check mechanism, by back pressure, by a spring, or by a combination of these means.
The general types of check valves are swing, tilting-disk, piston, butterfly, and stop.
26PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Relief Valve Relief valves
are typically used for incompressible fluids
such as water or
oil.
Safety valves
are typically used for
compressible fluids
such as steam or
other gases.
Safety valves
can often be
distinguished by
the presence
of an external lever at
the top of the valve
body, which is used as
an operatio
nal check.
28PTT 105: Engineering Graphics
Models of Pipe Layouts
Models are often used to illustrate and troubleshoot the layout of a piping system
The advantage is the ability to see clearances and interferences
Operators can be trained on the piping system using a model.
Today 3-D CAD models are being utilized.
29PTT 105: Engineering Graphics