[ppt]cell structure & function - lesson plans for...
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Cell Structure & Function
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
Cell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells. • Cells are the smallest working units of all
living things. • All cells come from preexisting cells through
cell division.
Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life
functions.
Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Bacteria
Two Types of Cells
•Prokaryotic•Eukaryotic
Eukaryotic• Contain organelles surrounded by membranes• Most living organisms
Plant Animal
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell
Plant Cell Parts
Cell Membrane
• Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell
• Double layer
Cell Wall
• Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria
• Supports & protects cells
Inside the Cell
Nucleus
• Directs cell activities• Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear
membrane
Nuclear Membrane
• Surrounds nucleus• Made of two layers• Openings allow
material to enter and leave nucleus
Cytoplasm
• Gel-like mixture• Surrounded by cell membrane• Contains hereditary material
Endoplasmic Reticulum• Moves materials around in
cell• Smooth type: lacks
ribosomes• Rough type (pictured):
ribosomes embedded in surface
Ribosomes
• Each cell contains thousands
• Make proteins• Found on ribosomes &
floating throughout the cell
Golgi Bodies
• Protein 'packaging plant'
• Move materials within the cell
• Move materials out of the cell
Lysosome• Digestive 'plant' for
proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
• Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal
• Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes
Vacuoles
• Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
• Contains water solution
• Help plants maintain shape
Chloroplast
• Usually found in plant cells
• Contains green chlorophyll
• Where photosynthesis takes place