ppt1 japanese mgmt

8/3/2019 Ppt1 Japanese Mgmt

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

MEANING OF MANAGEMENT

MANAGEMENT PROCESS

MAIN FEATURES OF JAPANESE

MANAGEMENT

JAPANESE MANAGEMENT.

CONCLUSION


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1945 HIROSHIMA &NAGASAKHI

BOMB BLAST PICTURE


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MEANING OF MANAGEMENT

LOUIS.E.BOONE AND DAVID: The

use of people and other resources toaccomplish objectives.

MARY PARKER: The act of gettingthings done through people.


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MANAGEMENT PROCESS

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Land

Labor

Capital

Organizer

Planning

Organizing

Staffing

Leading

Controlling

Attainment

Organizatio

nal goals

FUNCTION OF MANAGEMET


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SPECIAL FEATURES OF JAPANESE

MANAGEMENT

SCIENTIFIC SELECTION PROCESS

LIFETIME EMPLOYMENT

SENIORITY SYSTEM

CONTINUOUS TRAININGEMPHASIS ON GROUP WORK

DECISION MAKING

COMPLICATED PERFORMANCEEVALUATION

FATHER LEADERSHIP

GOOD BENEFITS FOR EMPLOYEES

SIMPLE AND FLEXIBLE ORGANIZATION


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1 ) SCIENTIFIC SELECTION PROCESS

Few Japanese attend graduate school andgraduate training in business butpercentage is rare because there are only30 top business colleges who gain

admission and study in that colleges onlythose student have the chance to work inlarge company. That large companyconduct competitive examination. Thosestudent passed the examination they can

gain jobs but company provide their owntraining.


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2) LIFE TIME EMPLOYMENT

Lifetime employment refers to recruitment ofemployees immediately upon graduationgeneration of employment until retirement,and mandatory retirement. Though there isno formal contract, employers and

employees have an unwritten mutualunderstanding regarding their expectationabout the job. Under lifetime employment anemployee spends his entire working life with

a single enterprise. This helps generate afeeling of job security in the employee anda feeling of belongingness towards theenterprise.


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3) SENIORITY SYSTEM

This concept is closely related to the

concept of lifetime employment

companies following this concept,

provide privileges to older employees

who have been with it for a long time.

Promotion and wage increases are

based on employees length of servicein the company, not job performance.


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4)CONTINUOUS TRAINING

The secret of the success of Japanese

managers may lie in continuous training"

In western organizations, employees

receive training only to acquire a new skillor to move to a new position. In Japanese

firms howere,every young manager has a

godfather ,who is never his boss or anyone

in the direct line of authority. The godfatheris not part of the top management, but is

highly respected by others.


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5) EMPHASIS ON GROUP WORK

In most Japanese organizations, a task isnot assigned to an individual; insteadseveral tasks are assigned to a group,

which consists of a small number of peopleare treated like family members. Kaishameans my or ones company thecommunity to which one belongs andwhich is an important part of ones life.probably this is the reason why employeestake great pride in their company and itssuccess.


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6) DECISION-MAKING

The practice of managerial decision-making in Japan is built on the concept thatchange and new ideas should come

primarily from personnel belonging to lowerlevels in the hierarchy. Thus in Japan lowerlevel employees prepare proposals forhigher-level personnel. The ringi systemrefers to decision-making by consensus.The word ringi consists of two parts rinwhich means submitting a proposal toones superior and getting his approval,and gi meaning deliberations and

decisions.


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7)COMPLICATED PERFORMANCE

EVALUATION

When job description are not welldefined and when tasks areperformed by groups, it becomes

difficult to evaluate individual jobperformance objectively. Theevaluation of workers and managersin Japanese corporations takes a verylong time up to ten years and requiresthe use of qualitative and quantitativeinformation about performance.


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8)FATHER LEADERSHIP

As a kacho ,the task of a leader is notonly to supervise his people at work,but also to show fatherly concern for

their subordinates private life. Since,promotion is based on seniority, it isnot easy to move on to a kachoposition. Sufficient training andexperience are essential for anindividual to be promoted to thisposition.


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9)GOOD BENEFITS FOR

EMPLOYEES

Japanese companies provide substantialbenefits to their employees are providedbenefits such as family housing and

transportation allowances. Some companiesalso provide bachelor accommodation,scholarships for employees children, andlow-interest housing loans. Salaryenhancements become rapid after about

seven years of employment with the firm.Since the seniority-based wage systemassumes that the longer the experience, themore valuable the employee.


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10)SIMPLE AND FLEXIBLE

ORGANIZATION

In Japanese firms, very often people

are trained to be generalists. For this

reason, the organization structure in

Japan is relatively simple flexible, and

it possible for people to take up a new

challenge or a new task by forming a

new formal or informal group. Informalorganization wield considerable

power in formal organization


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JAPANESE MANAGEMENT

1) PLANNING

1)Long term orientation

2)Collective decision making with consensus3)Involvement of many people in preparing

and making the decision

4)Decisions flow bottom to top

5) Slow decision making and fast

implementation of the decision


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2)ORGANIZING

Collective responsibility and

accountability

Ambiguity of decision responsibilityInformal organization structure

Well-known common organization

culture and philosophy; competitivesprite toward other enterprises


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3) STAFFING

Young people hired out of school;hardly any mobility of people among

companies

Slow promotion through the ranksLoyalty to the company

Very infrequent performance

evaluation for new employeesPromotion base on multiple criteria


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4)LEADING

Leader acting as a social facilitator

and group member.

Paternalistic styleCommon values facilitating

cooperation

Bottom-up communication


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5)CONTROLLING

Control by peers

Control focus on group performance

Saving faceExtensive use of quality control

circles.

ppt1 japanese mgmt

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