MAHANAGAR TELEPHONENIGAM LIMITED

LAXMI NAGAR EXCHANGEREPORT

ONTHE COMPUTER SECTION

OFM.T.N.L.

MAHANAGAR TELEPHONE NIGAM LIMITEDEstablished on 1/4/1986

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited is premier organization of the Government of India under the Ministry of Communications.

•Basic Telephone Services•Mobile Services•Internet•I.S.D.N(Integrated Services Digital Network)•P.S.D.N(Packet Switched Data Network)•Local Leased Line•Speech & Data Services

The organization plays a very important role in providing the subscribers a number of services some of which are listed below

Introduction The computer section of MTNL consists of various servers which are used for providing the various services.

CUSTOMER SERVICES AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SERVER

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

SERVICES SERVER

INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONCE SERVICE-FAULT REPAIRING SERVICE SERVER

PAYMENT REMINDER SERVICE SERVER

Server

C.S.M.S server (the ES 40 ALPHA server )C.S.M.S. stands for Customer Services Management system. As the name indicates, this server basically deals with the various services provided by the M.T.N.L. to its subscribers.

The chief purpose of using a RAID is that a disk array combines the capabilities of a large number of small, inexpensive disk drives to exceed the performance of a single large disk drive

The memory of a C.S.M.S. server is RAID.RAID is an acronym of Redundant array of inexpensive disks. RAID works as a hard disk and stores the relative information.

C.S.M.SPre-

connection work

Billing work Post

connection work

Pre connection work Pre connection works basically deals with the work related with the registration of

a new telephone connection.

•Subscriber submits his filled form•O.B is generated which is having some specific number.•Now O.B is received by the outdoor section J.T.O for filling and installation of the telephone.•Now J.T.O sends the installing information to the record section•Now after opening of the new telephone number, record section feeds this information into the C.S.M.S. server for the purpose of initial meter reading of the telephone and for the maintenance of the bills

Process of taking new connections

Billing work Billing works refers to the work and the services related to the period after the installation of the telephone and related to the billing process.

Procedure adopted Billing section receives fortnightly meter reading of the telephone number.Then billing is processed.Bill printing is doneThese bills are sent to the subscriber.Subscriber deposits the bill at the counter.Entries are made in the system.Data reaches and is maintained in the server

Post connection works Post connection works refers to the work and the services related to the period after the installation of the telephone.

Procedure adopted 1.Shifting of telephone2.Disconnection of telephone3.Change of address4.Change of name5.STD & ISD facilities6.CLI facilities

These are the various services provided by the C.S.M.S. server to the subscribers of M.T.N.L.

F.M.S. server F.M.S. stands for Financial Management Services. As the name indicates, the chief function of this server is to deal with the financial aspects relating to the various employees as well as the exchange.

F.M.S server 1)Employee’s salaries.(2)Incentives or Perks.(3)Overtime.(4)Placement.(5)Promotion.(6)Transfer.(7)Maintaining the important dates such as date of joining, date of retirement.(8)Purchasing of new equipment's.(9)Payment of bills.(10)Loans.

Both CSMS and FMS servers share a common secondary storage system which is in RAID-5 configuration in addition to there own secondary storage. Both the servers are connected to each other so that in case of failure of either of these servers, the second one takes over the first one

Payment Reminder Service Server Payment Reminder Server serves the basic purpose of reminding the subscribers of their outstanding bills.

This server is connected to the C.S.M.S. server of the M.T.N.L..

The server obtains the data of the non payment or outstanding bills subscribers from the C.S.M.S. server database.

Thereafter the server calls the particular numbers and reminds the subscribers of there outstanding bills. If the server, however, fails to call the number after trying two times, the process of calling that number stops and the server proceeds to the next number.

WORKING OF PRS SERVER

CSMS SERVER

SUBSCRIBER

PRS SERVER

PAYMENT REMINDING CALL

STATUS1660

Components of network system

HUB L.T.S LINE DRIVER MODEM Terminals

P.C.M

MUX

HUBs

They take all of the signals they receive in through one port and redistribute it out through all ports.

A HUB is a center of activity

HUBS are electronic devices that take a single signal and broadcast it to multiple ports, HUBS need a power source. Most HUBS have LEDs that can be used to monitor various conditions

Working

Types of HUBs

Passive HUBs They allow signal to pass from one computer to another without any change

Active HUBsThey electrically amplifies the signal as it moves from one connected device to another like repeaters to extended length of a network

Switches A network switch or switching hub is a computer networking device that connects network segments. The term commonly refers to a network bridge that processes and routes data.

A switch is responsible for filtering transforming the data in a specific way and for forwarding packets between the LAN segment

Working

Routers A router is a computer networking device that is used to connect computer connecting to one network with those belonging to other network .A router connect two or more different network .

I am router. I filter traffic on the basis of IP addresses. I

route the network only to the segment where it is destined.

Router connecting different network with diff. IP

Data is sent to the router

The router determines the Destination address and forwards it to the Next step in journey

The data reaches Its Destination

The router collectively joins The network LANs to WANsOr LANs to LANs as shown in fig.

Line transmission system

HUB L.T.S

A single physical wire is connected from hub to the L-T-S. The output of L-T-S is 8 ports means 8terminals can be connected to a single L-T-S.L-T-S receives the particular information or DATA having particular address. These data are sending to the terminals by means of physical lines for a small distance of 100m only. If there are number of terminals for a small distance, L-T-S provides a defined port for each terminal.Note: Port means specified address for each terminal.

LINE DRIVERS It is a device, which amplify the weak message signal and send it to a distance upto 3 Kms

NAME or SPECIFICATION Data Marg LINX series L.D.

Line Drivers can interconnect the fastest terminals & computer system for reliable error free communication.

MODEM is an acronym for Modulator-Demodulator. A Modem is a device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over telephone lines. Computer information is stored digitally, whereas information transmitted over telephone lines is transmitted in the form of analog waves. A Modem converts between these two forms.

Modulation A shift of frequencies in a signal is accomplished by using modulation, which is defined as the process by which some characteristic of a carrier is varied in accordance with a modulating wave.

Demodulation At the receiving end of the communication system, we usually require the original baseband signal or modulating wave to be restored. This is accomplished by using a process known as Demodulation, which is the reverse of the Modulation process.

MODEM

Pulse code modulation The Pulse modulation system are not completely digital, as the amplitude ,width or position of the pulses transmitted may vary continuously in accordance with the baseband signal variations.

The PAM signals are first quantized and then coded ,thus giving rise to pulse code modulation system

0123456789

10

SIGNAL

Unquantized pulse

Quantization In quantization the total amplitude range which the signal may accupy is devided into number of standard level This means no longer a continuous time signal but since the magnitude can take any value in continuous range the signal is still on analog signal

0123456789

10

SIGNAL

Quantized pulse

The pulses quantized are then encoded, the most popular code being the Binary code.

The major advantage of the PCM system is that the information does not lie in any property of the pulse, but it lies in the presence or the absence of the pulse. Thus, even if noise distorts the pulse, it makes no difference so long as the difference so long as the decision regarding the presence or the absence of the pulse is correct.

Advantages

Error in PCM system The only error being that of Quantization. Quantization error is introduced as there is no way to know whether a 4V signal is a result of a 3.8V signal or that of a 4.3V signal. This error may be reduced by decreasing the step size

Inter symbol interference As the PCM system is band limited, the received waveforms are distorted and they extend into the next time slot, resulting in error in the determination of received bits. Since in PCM, the adjacent time slots are more generally symbols in code representation of a single quantized sample, hence the term Inter symbol Interference is used

Companding

The combination of the compressor and the expander is known as the Compander.

The weak signal are amplified and the strong signal are attenuated before applying the m to a uniform quantizer . this process is called compression .At the receiver exactly opposite is followed called expander

Expander Uniform quantizer Compressor

Multiplexer or MUX

they take data from different devices and combine it in to a single stream that can be transmitted, via a modem to an identical multiplayer at another location, where the stream is then converted back in to its original form.

It is a device that allows several other devices to communicate over a single transmission

(S.T.D.M)

S.T.D.Mstatistical time division multiplexing, is one method for transmitting several types of data simultaneously across a single transmission cable or line (such as a T1 or T3 line)used in telephone switchboard settings to manage the simultaneous calls going to or coming from multiple, internal telephone lines

Thank you