BASIC INTRODUCTION BASIC INTRODUCTION TO FOOD HYGIENETO FOOD HYGIENE

IntroductionIntroduction Food hygiene refers to cleanliness from

production to consumption of food. As contaminated food can cause several infection and disease ,hence it is necessary to observe “food clean chain” under which management is done to keep food free from contamination and infection during its production storage ,transportation ,preservation, cooking serving or consumption.

What’s Wrong?What’s Wrong?

I ate something bad, I have…..

Food Poisoning!

How do people get Food Poisoning?How do people get Food Poisoning?Because of Bad Bacteria

What is Bad Bacteria?What is Bad Bacteria?

Where does bad bacteria come from?Where does bad bacteria come from?

Poor Personal Hygiene Poor Personal Hygiene

Dirty Hands Dirty Finger Nails

Open Cuts

Dirty Uniforms

Smoking in Food Areas Being Sick at Work

The Importance of Washing your HandsThe Importance of Washing your Hands

Bad Food StorageBad Food Storage

Food Not CoveredFood Not Covered

Dirty KitchensDirty Kitchens

Fridge Not Cleaned

Dirty Stove Tops Old Chopping Boards

Food Has Past its Expiration DateFood Has Past its Expiration Date

Rotten Meat Mouldy Cheese

Mouldy Bread

Off Milk

Food Contamination Food Contamination

Mixing raw foods together Cutting foods on chopping boards with raw meat juices

Under Cooked White MeatUnder Cooked White Meat

Refreezing Food Refreezing Food

Leaving Food Out Leaving Food Out For a Long Period of TimeFor a Long Period of Time

Once Frozen Food or Cooked Food has reached room temperature bacteria can start doubling after a few hours

Incorrect Food Temperatures Incorrect Food Temperatures

No Pest ControlNo Pest Control

Flies on the Food Cockroaches Rats and MiceIn the Kitchen

Rubbish Bins not Emptied RegularlyRubbish Bins not Emptied Regularly

Did you know……Did you know……

That some food poisoning cases arenot from the food?

What else can make you feel very sick?

Dirty IceDirty Ice

Dirty Ice Machines Using your hands Leaving Ice on the Ground

How do you prevent Food Poisoning?How do you prevent Food Poisoning?

By Having Good Personal HygieneBy Having Good Personal Hygiene

Wash your hands regularly Especially after going to the

bathroomHave a Clean

Uniform Available

If Sick Stay HomePlace a Band Aid on Cuts

Correct Food StorageCorrect Food StorageFoods to be covered and stored separately

Keep Kitchen CleanKeep Kitchen Clean

Check Expiry Dates and Label FoodsCheck Expiry Dates and Label Foods

Stop Food Contamination Stop Food Contamination

Check to see if the Meat is cookedCheck to see if the Meat is cooked

Food Thermometer

After a period of time Remove Frozen or After a period of time Remove Frozen or Cooked Foods From Cooked Foods From Room TemperatureRoom Temperature

Frozen Thawed (Always Thaw

Foods in the Fridge)

Room Temperature

Cook

Or

Refrigerate

Eat

Correct Food Temperatures Correct Food Temperatures

Pest ControlPest Control

Pest Control should be done on a weekly basis

Take Care When Handling IceTake Care When Handling Ice

Food ContaminationFood Contamination

Remember to always……Remember to always……

After……

Food preservationFood preservation

Food preservation is the process of treating and handling food to stop or slow down Food spoilage, loss of quality, edibility or nutritional value and thus allow for longer food Storage.

METHOD OF PRESERVATIONMETHOD OF PRESERVATIONDryingRefrigerator Freezing Vaccum packing Salt SugaringSmoking Artificial food additives.Pickling Canning

JellyingIrradiation

FOOD PREPARATION TECHNIQUES

BakingBroilingFryingMicrowaving RoastingSmoking

PURCHASINGPURCHASINGFirst of all you need to know the factors that determine the cost of the things

you want to purchase.Production costThe season The market supply of good The demand of goods Advertisement Amount of processing

Guideline for purchasing Guideline for purchasing When buying food, choose the form that you can easily When buying food, choose the form that you can easily

handle and which you can afford.handle and which you can afford.

1.Make a shopping list so that you buy the things you need without wasting time.

2.Choose the type and location of market appropriate to your needs.

3.Compare prices and quality of commodity before you buy.

4. Buy foods in bulk if you have storage facilities and money. It is cheaper.

5. Do not shop when you are hungry; it makes you buy more than necessary.

6. Do not take children along when you go shopping; they make you buy unnecessary things.

7. Avoid impulse buying, that is buying things you did not plan for.

8. When you buy canned or packaged foods, look out for the expiry date or ‘use by’ date.

Don’tsDon’tsDo not buy processed foods when the following signs are

seen:- Cans are bulging or dented because they may cause

food poisoning Rusty can may contain spoiled food Frozen food packages that are soft or soggy may have

thawed for a long time and May be spoiling Refrozen foods, this can be detected as stained

packages or crystallized products Opened or damaged packages Moldy or coloured dried foods Meat or fish that has dull or slimy surface

Points to bear in mind when purchasing Points to bear in mind when purchasing some food commoditiessome food commodities

Fruits and vegetablesAnimal and animal productsEggsMilk Legumes Cereals

SUMMERYSUMMERY Food preparation, purchase and storage

require the use of many resources. The important ones are times, energy, money, storage facilities, knowledge and market .A good market list is required when shopping to avoid waste of resources and impulse buying. When foods are chosen wisely you can save a lot of money while providing adequate meals for yourself. Foods stored properly are safe and last longer.

PRESENTED BY…..

MS. KAVITA PAL M.SC STUDENT

SAIMS COLLEGE OF NURSING

Thank you…..Thank you…..