ppt ecology biomes
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What are the characteristics you look at to determine a biome?How do ecosystems change as you travel north from the equator?
Biomes
Mountains/Alpine
AlpineFeature
Location All over….Mountain BiomeCan be in middle of desert
Temperature ColdColderer as you go up the mountain
Rainfall Average/ 30cm
Plants/Adaptation Cold shallow soil, Conifers mosses and lichens
Animals/Adaptations
Cold Rocky terrain, Fur and hooves, Mountain goat
Other names Mountain, Alpine Tundra
Special Features Can be in the middle of the desert and still get snow. The bottom of the mountain is warm and colder as you go up. Biome changes as you go up the mountain.
Tundra
Tundra
TundraHow much rain?
25 cm or less. A little higher than a pencil.
Temperature?HOTConstant
Where in the world?Tropical Along Equators. Temperate forests are more north.
Other Features. Very diverse
TundraFeature
Location Far north : Near the poles
Temperature Almost always cold
Rainfall Very dry, almost a desert , 15 cm
Plants/Adaptation Shallow roots, grow very short. Mosses and lichens.
Animals/Adaptations
Hibernate/Migrate, Mammals, insects
Other names Arctic
Special Features Short season for growing, LOW biodiversity
Boreal Forests (Taiga)
Boreal Forests (Taiga)How much rain?
25 cm or less. A little higher than a pencil.
Temperature?HOTConstant
Where in the world?Tropical Along Equators. Temperate forests are more north.
Other Features. Very diverse
Boreal• Boreal Forest Biomes also known as TAIGA• far north mostly cold, • Canada and Alaska. • Coniferous Trees • Have needles• Do not shed leaves• Reproduce with cones. • Spruce and Pine Trees. • Animals Depend on trees for food and habitat. • mammals adapted to cold• carnivores such as wolves to eat large herbivores
such as elk
Boreal Where?
Boreal (Taiga) Plants
Boreal Animals
TaigaFeature
Location North,Canada and russia. Under tundra
Temperature Mostly Cold
Rainfall 40-100 cm/ Mostly Snow
Plants/Adaptation Conifers/Pines… Needles and waxy coating
Animals/Adaptations
Mammals and birds, Fur and feathers for warmth
Other names Boreal/ Coniferous Forest
Special Features Usually covered in snow most of year
Deciduous Forests
Deciduous• This Biome is eastern USA, Where Georgia is• Deciduous trees
• Wide leaves• Fall off in winter
• 50cm of rain• Enough for trees. • More than prairies, Less than rainforests. • Has four seasons. • variety of plants• Tall tree canopy• small ferns and bushes. • Animals. • Many mammals• Birds
Deciduous ForestsHow much rain?
25 cm or less. A little higher than a pencil.
Temperature?HOTConstant
Where in the world?Tropical Along Equators. Temperate forests are more north.
Other Features. Very diverse
Deciduous Forests Where
Deciduous Plants
Deciduous Animals
Temperate DeciduousFeature
Location Eastern U.S Europe/ South of taiga
Temperature Average (temperate) 4 seasons
Rainfall Medium 75-125 cm
Plants/Adaptation
Leaves fall off. Tall trees thick bushes
Animals/Adaptations
Hibernate store food.
Other names
Special Features
Georgias biome, usually 4 seasons leaves
Grassland
Lots of grassDry but more rain than desertNot enough rain for trees. Big HerbivoresLarge HerdsCarnivoresLion King
GrasslandsHow much rain?
25 cm or less. A little higher than a pencil.
Temperature?HOTConstant
Where in the world?Tropical Along Equators. Temperate forests are more north.
Other Features. Very diverse
Grasslands-Where
Grasslands-PlantsTwo Types of GrasslandsPraries
Not a lot of rainOnly grass
Savanna More RainMore trees
Grassland-Animals
GrasslandFeature
Location In between forest and desert/ Middle of continents
Temperature Mostly hot, Prairies can be cold
Rainfall Dry but more rain than deserts 20-35
Plants/Adaptation Mostly Grass, small shrubs
Animals/Adaptations
Large herbivores that graze on grass, buffalo, rhino, zebra
Other names Two types, Savanna Prairie
Special Features Huge animals, Think of africa .Savanna is africa and is always hot. Prairie is USA and can get cold
Deserts
DesertLess than 25cm pop canVery hotBig Temperature swingsOrganisms Adapt to stay cool
How much rain?25 cm or less. A little higher than a pencil.
Temperature?HOTDrastic changes in temperatureHot days cold nights
Where in the world?Middle of continents. 30 degrees from the equator.
Other Features.
DesertFeature
Location Mid Latitudes/ Most continents
Temperature Very Hot during day Cold at night
Rainfall Very little. Less than 10 cm
Plants/Adaptation
Cacti, Spread out, store water, wide roots
Animals/Adaptations
Reptiles, birds insects, Hunt at night store water, stay cool
Other names
Special Features
Temperature swings. 90 during day 50 at night
Tropical RainforestFeature
Location Equator
Temperature Hot all year 80-90 degrees
Rainfall Lots, 300cm
Plants/Adaptation
Grow quickly. and on top of each other, THICK Big trees, vines, ferns, shrubs
Animals/Adaptations
All sorts of animals. 1400 birds, 150 million species
Other names
Special Features
Most Biodiversity
RainforestHot and HumidLot of plants and animalsThick dense vegetationDark FloorCanopy and Understory
Rainforest- PlantsCanopy
Upper LayerUnderstory
Lower level plantsPlants adapted to grow quickly
RainforestsHow much rain?
200 – 300cm CM Temperature?
HOTConstant
Where in the world?Tropical Along Equators. Temperate forests are more north.
Other Features. Very diverse
Rainforest AnimalsHuge DiversityLots of Exotic Birds, Mammals, Insects,
Monkeys
TemperateCoolerRedwoodsCalifornia
Where?
EstuaryWhere ocean and freshwater meet. Very rich ecosystem
Freshwater
Marine
• Many carnivores such as wolves to eat large herbivores such as elk
• Mountains and Ice• Do not fall into major biomes. • Mountains have several mini-biomes. • The climate is different at the base of
moment than at top. • Different plants and animals live at
different parts of mountain. • Some parts of earth are covered in ice. • Arctic and Antarctica. • Animals such as penguins and seals.
