Unit 1

There are two kinds of verbs in the past: regular and irregular. Simple Past

Unit 2

To form the negative in the Simple Past, add didn’t after the subject and keep the verb in the infinitive without to. I didn’t enjoy the last book of the series. She didn’t like the movie. He didn’t give me a present for my birthday. They didn’t take the bus to come here.

• To form the interrogative in the Simple Past, add did before the subject and keep the verb in the infinitive without to. For short answers, use the auxiliaries did and didn’t. Did you enjoy the weekend? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. Did she take the dog for a walk? Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t Did they send the package? Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.

Simple Past Yes / no questions & short answers

Unit 3

Use must, might, or should and the main verb. Modal verbs must, might, and should

Unit 4

We often use the passive voice when it’s not so important to mention who or what did the action. The passive voice is formed by object + verb to be + main verb in the past participle + complement. The tense is determined by the verb to be.

Passive voice

Unit 4

Now compare the same sentences in the active voice: The students cleaned the room this morning. Channel 6 records the evening TV news in Miami.

Notice that in the active voice, who or what did the action is an important information. Also notice that the order is subject + main verb + object + complement.

Unit 5Present Perfect

Unit 6

Use going to to talk about future plans. Future with going to

Unit 7Future with will

Unit 8

Conditional sentences present conditions that are necessary for something to happen. • The zero conditional is used to talk about scientific facts and general truths: If we leave an egg in boiling water for 10 minutes, it cooks.

Zero and first conditionals

• The zero conditional can also be used to give instructions and advice. If you want to pass your exams, study hard!

• The first conditional is used to talk about possibilities for the future.If she comes home this weekend, we will have a big party for her.

Unit 8