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Hur fungerar en anti‐fouling färg ?
Hans Elwing, Senior ProfessorGöteborgs Universitet
http://gcaptain.com/hull-fouling-control-innovation/
http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/stg/Gear/tripod.htm
Marin PåväxtGer upphov till:
Ökad bränsleförbrukning per distans. Kortare distans/tidMiskad manövrerbarhet och sjövärdighetÖkas motorslitageMinskad sjö‐säkerhet
Metoder för att motverka marin påväxt
Biocidfria (giftfria) metoder. Ett stort antal olika typer av rengörnings metoderför båtbottnar .
Giftfria metoder kräver en förhållandevis stor arbetsinsatsOch även större kapitalinsats och organisation.
Biocid innehållande anti‐fouling färger.
Koppar oxid (Cu2O) och koppar isotiocyanatehar en dominerande ställning. Även Zinkoxidanvänds i stor utsträckning
Havstulpanen ‐ Värstingen
A crustacean, present in all marine environments
Destroy coatings bypenetration
Barnacle sex_WMV V9.wmv
Penetration of coatings by the Barnacle
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Biocid in coating Biocid dissolved in water
From L.D. Chambers et al ”Modern approaches to marine antifouling coatings” Surf and Coat Tech 2006, 201, 6, 3642-3652
Layer thickness
Time
Traditional Biocide erosive Paints
+ Inexpensive+ Long experience‐ Toxic
Gradual erosion (controlled release)
Pine rosinImportant Binder
Microgram/cm2/day)
10
Copp
er
1
100
Sea‐Nine
Zn Pyrith
ione
Econ
ea
Leaching of Biocides is the environmental Problem !
Typical Leaching rate
Anti‐foulingeffects.
Non‐target Effects
( sediment)
Idea no 1. Medetomidin (Selectope)
Inventors: Hans Elwing and Lena Mårtensson and Mia Dahlstrom.
Assignee: I-Tech AB (Billdal, SE) Appl. No.: 09/889,447 Filed: .: PCT/SE00/00149 PCT Pub. No.: WO00/42851 PCT Pub. Date: July 27, 2000
Patent: Inhibition of marine biofouling of surfaces(by medetomidine)
Thats 14 years ago !Still no commersial product
ICMCF meeting, Singapore 2014
Start of the project: Screening of neuroacative drugs for settling inhibiton effects of cyprid larvae
Meddtomidine is a synthetic Drug used as tranquilizer in vetrinaty medicine.
Field tests Medetomidine
0,1% of Medetomidin added to copper free marine paint
7 months in static conditions on the Swedish west coast(From www.i‐tech.se)
‐ Medetomidine + Medetomidine
ICMCF meeting, Singapore 2014
Some facts about medetomidine.
1. Medetomidine included in rosin‐based paint‐formulation inhibit Barnacle colonisationprobably by inducing a swim reflex of the Cyprid larvae.
2. Registration is pending in Europe and China. Aproved in Japan and South Korea
Lena Lindblad (Assoc prof) now R&DManager at I‐Tech AB
Mia Dahlström (Assoc prof)now coordinator and ScientistAt SP, Borås. Her PhD thesis was on the Medetomidine concept.
Acknowledgement
ICMCF meeting, Singapore 2014
Idea no 2. Avermectin (Ivermectin)
ICMCF meeting, Singapore 2014
It is a microbial (Streptomyces)methabolite
Start of the project: Screening of insecticide and pesticide compounds for colonisation inhibiton effects of barnacles
Duration of Ivermectin containing coating. The hull was painted 2009 with Ivermectin (0.1%) containing paint formulations. The photograph above was taken in Oct 2011.450 days in sea water without repainting. Very few barnacles where present at the hull.
Emiliano Pinori, PhD. Now coordinatorAnd senor scientist at SP. His PhD thesiswas on the Avermectin concept
Mattias Berglin, Assoc Prof. Now coordinatorAnd senor scientist at SP
Some facts about Avermectin (Ivermectin)
1. Ivermectin included in rosin‐based paint‐formulation inhibit Barnacle colonisationprobably by killing the juvenile barnacle when it penetrates the coating
2. Registration not started yet. There are 20 variants of Avermectins. No patents applications have been filed.
Acknowledgements
ICMCF meeting, Singapore 2014
Avermectin side Control side
Propeller bearings
TF-Färg. Fotografier av del av undersidan av en planande båt som målats med TF-färg med Avermectin-tillsats. Den breda strängen i mitten var målad med TF-färg utan tillsats. Notera att det finns viss förekomst av havstulpaner i vattenlinjen –trots tillsats av Avermectin. Foto. Mats Hulander Båtägare: Mauritz Palm.
Duration of Ivermectin containing coating. The hull was painted 2009 with Ivermectin (0.1%) containing paint formulations. The photograph above was taken in Oct 2011.450 days in sea water without repainting. Very few barnacles where present at the hull.
Photo of propeller after cleaning. Outer propeller painted with Prop & Drev. Inner propeller coated with Prop & Drev containing 0.1 % Ivermectin. Lasse Bengtsson 2009
Marine Coatings, Berlin 2012
The next stepDevelopment of a new field assay based on Biocide gradient in coatings
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Ten individual field test panels are replaced by one panel with different concentrations of biocide … with a gradient in biocide concentration
Prescence ofBarnacles inThe gradient
Patent pending
ICMCF meeting, Singapore 2014
No of barnacle/Unit area
3%0.03% 0.3%%
Concentration of Biocide (%) in paint formulation
Emamectinbenzoate
Econea
Cypermethrin
0.003%
Preliminary results – the panel gradient method
ICMCF meeting, Singapore 2014
That´s all folks !
and thanks for
Your attension
Biocid in coating Biocid dissolved in water
From L.D. Chambers et al ”Modern approaches to marine antifouling coatings” Surf and Coat Tech 2006, 201, 6, 3642-3652
Layer thickness
Time
Traditional Biocide erosive Paints
+ Inexpensive+ Long experience‐ Toxic
Gradual erosion (controlled release)
Pine rosinImportant Binder
Microgram/cm2/day)
10
Copp
er
1
100
Sea‐Nine
Zn Pyrith
ione
Econ
ea
Leaching of Biocides is the environmental problem
Typical Leaching rate
Anti‐foulingeffects.
Non‐target Effects
( sediment)
Biocidinnehållande Båtbottenfärger
Vd är ett gift ? Eller en Biocid ?
1.Syntetiska ämnen nya för naturen t.ex. DDT, TBT
2.Naturliga ämnen i högre koncentration t.ex. Koppar Zink
HardStyrene
Soft(Butyl-Metha-Crylate)
Front Backside
Penetration effects of barnacle in soft and hard) coatings.
No Macrolides added.
Photo: Mats Hulander
No paintat side
See penetration !
No penetration !
See paintat side !
Penetration of coatings by the Barnacle
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