powerpoint presentation · breeder reactors e = experimental, d = demonstration or prototype, c =...
TRANSCRIPT
Moderator Reactors Design Country Advantage/Problem
graphite 30
AGR
Magnox
RBMK
Britain, Russia, Lithuania Problems with Wigner
energy
heavy
water 42 CANDU
Canada, India, South
Korea, others
Allows unenriched U,
expensive
light water 359 PWR
BWR 27 countries
Cheap, requires U
enrichment
https://www.cameco.com/uranium_101/electricity-generation/types-of-reactors/
https://www.cameco.com/uranium_101/electricity-generation/types-of-reactors/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Magnox_reactor_schematic.svg
Nuclear Electricity Production (producers > 50 billion kWh)
COUNTRY
NUCLEAR
ELECTRICITY
GENERATION
2015
REACTORS
OPERABLE
1 May 2016
REACTORS UNDER
CONSTRUCTION
1 May 2016
REACTORS
PLANNED
May 2016
REACTORS
PROPOSED
May 2016
URANIUM
REQUIRED
2016
billion
kWh % e No. MWe net No.
MWe
gross No.
MWe
gross No.
MWe
gross tonnes U
Canada 95.6 16.6 19 13553 0 0 2 1500 3 3800 1730
China 161.2 3.0 32 26967 22 24686 42 48330 136 156000 6072
France 419.0 76.3 58 63130 1 1750 0 0 1 1750 9211
Germany 86.8
(133)
14.1
(28.4) 8 (17) 10728 0 0 0 0 0 0 1689
Japan 4.3
(280.3)
0.5
(29.2) 43 (54) 40480 3 3036 9 12947 3 4145 1728
Korea RO
(South) 157.2 31.7 25 23017 3 4200 8 11600 0 0 4926
Russia 182.8 18.6 35 26053 8 7104 25 27755 23 22800 6416
Spain 54.8 20.3 7 7121 0 0 0 0 0 0 1271
Sweden 54.5 34.3 9 8849 0 0 0 0 0 0 1471
Ukraine 82.4 56.5 15 13107 0 0 2 1900 11 12000 1985
United
Kingdom 63.9 18.9 15 8883 0 0 4 6100 9 11800 1734
USA 798.0 19.5 99 (104) 98990 5 6218 18 8312 24 26000 18214
WORLD** 2,441 c 11.5 440 384,006 65 68,935 173 182,42
4 337 379,200 65,220
http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/reactors.html
2010 values in parenthesis ().
https://www.cameco.com/uranium_101/electricity-generation/types-of-reactors/
Breeder Reactors E = experimental, D = demonstration or prototype, C = commercial
Output: MWe MW (thermal) Operation
USA
EBR 1 0.2 1.4 1951-63
EBR II (E) 20 62.5 1963-94
Fermi 1 (E) 66 200 1963-72
SEFOR 20 1969-72
FFTF (E) 400 1980-93
UK
Dounreay FR (E) 15 60 1959-77
Protoype FR (D) 270 650 1974-94
France
Rapsodie (E) 40 1966-82
Phenix* (D) 250 563 1973-2009
Superphenix (C) 1240 3000 1985-98
Germany
KNK 2 (E) 21 58 1977-91
India
FBTR (E) 40 1985-
PFBR (D) 500 1250 2012-
Japan
Joyo (E) 140 1978-
Monju (D) 280 714 1994-96, 2010-
Kazakhstan
BN 350* (D) 135 750 1972-99
Russia
BN 1/2 1/0.1 1950s
BR 5 /10 (E) 5 /8 1959-71, 1973-
BOR 60 (E) 12 55 1969-
BN 600* (D) 600 1470 1980-
BN-800 (C) 880 2000 2014-
China
CEFR (E) 20 65 2010-