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COMMITMENT&SOLUTIONS

U.S. ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT & ENGINEERING CENTER

Presented by:Mrs. Karen Amabile(973) 724-2392ARDEC Fuze Division

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Approved for Public Release

POWER REQUIREMENTS FORMUNITIONS:

PRESENT AND FUTUREARL BATTERY WORKSHOP 7 DECEMBER 2016


7 DECEMBER 2016 2

AGENDA


BLUF

DoD Power Sources Needs

ARDEC Power and Energy Spectrum

Evolution of Power Source Technologies

Challenges

Indirect Fire Power Sources

Direct Fire Power Sources

Other Requirements

Future Capabilities

Summary


7 DECEMBER 2016 3

BLUF



RDECOM ARDEC has made significant investments in the development of power sources for gun‐launched munitions and fuzing system applications.

Liquid reserve batteries are a critical component of fuzing technologies, traditionally suited for moderately powered, longer‐lived electronic fuzes attached to rapidly rotating projectiles.

Thermal reserve batteries are traditionally used where high power is required for a relatively shorter time, and the munition rotated slowly, or not at all, as with rockets and missiles.

Solid state power sources, such as setback generators, are traditionally suited for low power applications, as with some medium caliber rounds.

Munitions’ power budgets continue to increase for sensors and actuators and addressed with old technologies

The advent and continued proliferation of smaller and smarter munitions and fuzing systems continue to drive the need for a much higher energy & power density reserve power sources.

7 DECEMBER 2016 4

DOD POWER SOURCES NEEDS



4

Requirements: Long shelf life (> 20 years) Survive high‐G forces encountered during

gun launch Survive high spin rate (>200 rps) High reliability and readiness Wide temperature range

Higher energy and power densities in smaller volumes

Affordable Better manufacturability Strong DoD centers for R&D &

evaluation of munitions batteries A more stable industrial base

7 DECEMBER 2016 5

ARDEC POWER AND ENERGY SPECTRUM

Power & Energy Requirements 10 KW 100 KW 1 MW 10 MW 1 GW1 KW1 W1 -100 mW

Large Caliber Fuzes:• M762A1/M767A1 ET Fuze• MOFA• M732/M732A1• Precision Guided Kit

Precision Munitions:• Excalibur• High Power Microwave (HPM) Payload• Mid Range Munition (MRM)• Common Smart Munition (CSS)

Armament Systems

LGE

HPM

ADS

EM Gun

Medium Caliber Fuzes:• LW30 Proximity Fuze• Small Arms Grenade

Munition • Airburst Non-Lethal

Munition

Increased capability demands for high reliability & enhanced performance munitions have created a technology gap for

reserve power sources across multiple caliber munitions!

Submunition Fuzes• M234/M235 Self

Destruct Fuze



7 DECEMBER 2016 6

EVOLUTION OF POWER SOURCETECHNOLOGIES



1990’s Early-mid 2000’s FY08-12 FY12-15 FY15-21

•Explored liquid reserve and thermal reserve power sources, setback generators and small single cell liquid reserves

•Liquid reserve improvements

•Thermal reserve enhancements

•Energy harvesting

•High power density supercapacitortechnology

•Small single cell oxyhalides

•Organic electrolytes•Energy harvesting•Higher power thermal batteries

• Very small lithium metal oxyhalides

• Supercapacitor to store energy

• Thin film thermals

• Thermal batteries• Active power• Liquid reserve

manufacturability and producibility

• New materials, manufacturing techniques, & initiation architectures

•Setback generators for medium caliber

•Thermals for precision guided munitions

•Liquid reserves for artillery fuzes

•Energy harvester for medium caliber applications

•Advanced thermal reserve for ext. range artillery applications

•Energy harvester for medium cal. applications

•Liquid reserves for cluster munition applications

•Large format liquid reserves

• Liquid reserves for advanced medium caliber applications

• Thin film thermal batteries for indirect fire applications

• Demonstration of advanced power component prototypes

• New core power technologies to extend range in precision guided munitions

• Core technologies for enhanced lethality munitions

• Investigation of active power in munitions

7 DECEMBER 2016 7

CHALLENGESDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Approved for Public Release

• 5’ drop survivability (MIL-STD-331)• Cold temperature activation & performance (MIL-STD-331)• Corrosive, moisture sensitive electrolytes for liquid reserves

impact producibility• Advancements in catholyte/electrolyte formulations• Novel initiation & power source packaging techniques• Small thermal batteries with higher energy density have not

been proven for fuzing applications• Limited mission times for thermals due to heat losses• Alternative energy systems not proven in munitions• Issues with manufacturing, reliability, and functionality• Active batteries do not meet 20 year shelf life


7 DECEMBER 2016 8

INDIRECT FIRES POWER SOURCESDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Approved for Public Release


Next Generation Proximity FuzesPower Source Challenges: •Higher energy and power densities•Reduced cost of components & packaging techniques

•Material obsolescence

Current efforts focus on technical challenges for development of novel materials & mfgtechniques for liquid reserves to meet operational and performance requirements

20 Year Shelf Life Extreme Operating Temperatures High Setback Forces Low & High Spin Rates

Low Cost Single Point ESAD

Fuzing for Cluster Munitions 120 mm Guided Mortar

Power Source Challenges: • Low cost power source packaging• Higher power density• Advanced initiation techniques

Efforts focus on the evaluations of low cost continuous production methodologies. Strong need for low cost manufacturing approaches and design flexibility & scalability for various power profiles.

Power Source Challenges: •Higher energy densities in very small form factors

•Advanced initiation techniques•Higher energy and power densities•Fast activation at cold temperatures•Setback and expulsion forces

Current investments in energy harvesting methodologies & small, single cell oxyhalides.

Power Source Challenges: •Pre-flight power •High-G survivability•Long shelf life•Higher energy and power densities

Current investments in modeling and analysis, active power source shelf life evaluations & optimizations. Need for novel technologies for pre-flight and post-launch power.

7 DECEMBER 2016 9

DIRECT FIRES POWER SOURCESDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Approved for Public Release

20 Year Shelf Life Extreme Operating Temperatures High Setback Forces Low & High Spin Rates

Direct Fire Proximity SensorPower Source challenges:• Very fast activation at cold temperature• Cold temperature performance• Higher energy and power density• Manufacturability and producibility

Efforts focused on small liquid reserve cells: electrochemistries, packaging, and activation evaluations. Developed, qualified, and preparations for manufacturability.

Small Volume Low Power Prox

Medium Caliber Counter-Defilade

Power Source challenges:• Very fast activation at cold temperature• Very high spin• Manufacturability and producibility• Very high G setback initiation, 5’drop

survivability

Efforts focused on small liquid reserve cells: electrolyte evaluations, ampoule design(s), initiation methodologies, and packaging.

Small Format Liquid ReservesPower Source challenges:• Maturation of manufacturing processes for the

fabrication of small format liquid reserves• Increased throughput yield• Reduced scrap rates• Production line scalability• Very reliable liquid reserve performance

Power Source challenges:• Very fast activation at cold temperature• Very high energy and power density• Manufacturability and producibility

Investments in small liquid reserve cells: electrochemistries, packaging, and activation evaluations. Engineering tests and evaluations at component and system level.


7 DECEMBER 2016 10

OTHER POWER SOURCES NEEDSDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Approved for Public Release


Hand Emplaced ApplicationsChallenges: • Innovative activation methodologies

• Reliable performance across temperatures

• Low cost• Volumetric efficiency

Efforts include reserve technology evaluations and early design approaches, engineering challenges and integration requirements.

Applications include multi-mode grenades & submunitions

20 Year Shelf Life Extreme Operating Temperatures

Fuze Setting• High energy density projectile fuze power source for data hold

• Quick charge capable fuzesetter battery

Challenges• Energy density• Cold temperature

performance• Volumetric efficiency• Lightweight• Low cost

Fuze and Power Technologies for Munitions

Purpose: • Develop and advance Fuze and Power Technologies to achieve leap ahead capabilities such as high accuracy air burst, advanced setting methodologies, innovative sensing (launch and target detection), as well as next generation safety and power systems .

• Demonstrate applications of these technologies in multiple munitions across commodities in order to handoff mature concepts to Program of Record EMD efforts.

Results/Products: • Research advanced launch and high accuracy target sensing/classification components & methodologies, advanced fuze communication schemes, integration of printed materials for conformal antennas, power sources and energy harvesters. Develop advanced safe and arm devices to support advanced warhead and munition requirements.

• Demonstrate advanced technologies for high accuracy air bursting, target classification and high rate fuze setting in a relevant environment.

• Surrogate sub‐system integration of technologies and components, for demonstration at TRL 6.

• Develop and validate Fuze‐centric analysis techniques across multiple technology efforts. Validated modeling will decrease development cycle of future fuze systems .

Payoff(s): • Enables increased and scalable lethality in broader applications across multiple munitions.

• Maximizes lethality while minimizing collateral damage and reducing logistical burden.

• Spiral technology solutions into numerous Program of Records and other S&T efforts.

Schedule

Milestone Indicators: TRL or SRL: Milestone Timeline:

Next Generation

Sensors and Safety

High-Rate Accurate Air-Burst Fuzing

Advanced Munitions Power

Next Generation

Large Caliber Setting

FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19

Advanced Munitions Pow er

MILESTONES

High-Rate Accurate Air-Burst Fuzing

Next Generation Sensors and Safety

Next Generation Large Caliber Setting

4 6

4

5

5

4

6

5 6

4 5 6

Affordable Fuzing and Power Systems for enhanced effects and operational overmatch



7 DECEMBER 2016 12

AN ENABLING TECHNOLOGY FOR FUTURECAPABILITIES



Liquid Reserve Batteries

Super Capacitors-Higher energy storage-Cold temperature performance-Sources of supply

Thermal Reserve Batteries

Munitions Power Sources

• New power source technologies with a very high energy density and power density for use in extended range applications and the next generation of artillery fuzes

• Smaller in size and affordable

• Very small, reliable, & affordable power sources for use in medium caliber & hand emplaced applications

• Reliable performance throughout MIL-STD operational temperatures

• Higher energy densities

Energy Harvesters

Unclassified

7 DECEMBER 2016 13

SUMMARYDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Approved for Public Release


RDECOM ARDEC has made significant investments in the development of power sources for gun‐launched munitions and fuzing system applications.

Liquid reserve batteries are a critical component of fuzing technologies, traditionally suited for moderately powered, longer‐lived electronic fuzes attached to rapidly rotating projectiles.

Thermal reserve batteries are traditionally used where high power is required for a relatively shorter time, and the munition rotated slowly, or not at all, as with rockets and missiles.

Solid state power sources, such as setback generators, are traditionally suited for low power applications, as with some medium caliber rounds.

Munitions’ power budgets continue to increase for sensors and actuators and addressed with old technologies

The advent and continued proliferation of smaller and smarter munitions and fuzing systems continue to drive the need for a much higher energy & power density reserve power sources.

7 DECEMBER 2016 14

QUESTIONS?



THANK YOU

power requirements for unitions - creb.umd.edu · sources for gun ‐launched ... • precision...

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