power management in storage systems · das storage – application and storage are co-located –...
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Power Management in Storage Systems
Kaladhar VorugantiTechnical DirectorCTO Office, Sunnyvale
June 12, 2009
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Ou
tlin
e
�P
ower
Con
sum
ptio
n B
ackg
roun
d in
Dat
a C
ente
rs a
nd S
tora
ge S
yste
ms
�P
ower
Man
agem
ent
Str
ateg
ies
for
Sto
rage
S
yste
ms
�P
ower
Man
agem
ent M
etric
s
�Im
pact
of S
erve
r P
ower
Man
agem
ent
Str
ateg
ies
on S
tora
ge S
yste
ms
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Sto
rag
e C
on
sum
pti
on
Co
nst
antl
y In
crea
sin
g
�M
ore
type
s of
info
rmat
ion
are
bein
g di
gitiz
ed
and
stor
ed p
ersi
sten
tly (
emer
genc
e of
new
er
type
s of
app
licat
ions
)
�D
ata
is b
eing
sto
red
pers
iste
ntly
for
long
er
perio
ds o
f tim
e (f
or le
gal a
nd s
entim
enta
l re
ason
s)
�M
ore
peop
le a
re p
ersi
sten
tly s
torin
g th
eir
info
rmat
ion
(co
mpu
ter
usag
e gl
obal
ly is
in
crea
sing
)
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Wh
at is
a S
tora
ge
Co
ntr
olle
r?
Tra
ditio
nal S
tora
ge C
ontr
olle
rC
lust
er o
f tho
usan
ds o
f Goo
gle
Ser
vers
Sou
rce:
IBM
Red
book
DS
8000
Sou
rce:
CN
ET
New
s A
pril/
2009
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Wh
ere
Do
es t
he
Po
wer
Go
in a
Dat
a C
ente
r?
50
35
94
Ser
ver/
Sto
rag
eC
oo
ling
UP
SL
igh
tin
g
Per
cent
ages
Sou
rce:
ID
C R
epor
t 200
8
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Wh
ere
Do
es t
he
Po
wer
Go
in a
Sto
rag
e C
on
tro
ller?
80
3612
50
2510
CP
U (
2)
Mem
ory
(4)
Dis
k (1
)
PC
I Slo
ts (
2)
Mo
ther
bo
ard
(1)
Fan
(1)
27
52
88
He
ad
Dis
ks
+ S
he
lfT
ax
( 1
2)
Sli
3
Goo
gle
Box
Pow
er C
onsu
mpt
ion
Wat
ts
Sto
rage
Con
trol
ler
Box
Con
sum
ptio
n
12 12
24
Dri
ve
Sh
elf
(Fan
s,P
ow
er S
up
ply
)C
oo
lin
g
Wat
ts
Wat
ts
Per
Dis
k T
otal
Pow
er C
ost
Sou
rce:
Goo
gle
Pap
er, I
SC
A 2
007
Sou
rce:
Net
App
Inte
rnal
Stu
dy
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Sto
rag
e P
ow
er M
anag
emen
t S
trat
egie
s
�H
ardw
are
–C
an s
elec
t the
app
ropr
iate
sto
rage
arc
hite
ctur
e
–C
an s
elec
t the
app
ropr
iate
sto
rage
sys
tem
–C
an s
elec
t the
app
ropr
iate
har
dwar
e fe
atur
es
�S
oftw
are
–S
tora
ge E
ffici
ency
–M
igra
tion
and
Spi
nnin
g/S
hutti
ng D
isks
Dow
n
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Po
wer
Man
agem
ent
Str
ateg
ies
(Har
dw
are)
�H
ardw
are
Tec
hniq
ues
–A
rchi
tect
ural
Lev
el�
DA
S v
ersu
s S
tora
ge C
ontr
olle
rs
�S
ingl
e N
ode
Bat
tery
ver
sus
UP
S T
echn
olog
y
–S
tora
ge B
ox L
evel
�D
isks
ver
sus
SS
Ds
�E
ffici
ent P
ower
Sou
rces
�U
se o
f hig
her
capa
city
dis
ks�
Use
of l
ower
RP
M d
isks
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
DA
S v
ersu
s S
tora
ge
Co
ntr
olle
rs
�D
AS
Sto
rage
–A
pplic
atio
n an
d st
orag
e ar
e co
-loca
ted
–P
ower
con
sum
ptio
n is
ef
ficie
nt if
box
is u
sed
to
run
appl
icat
ions
(e.
g. m
ap-
redu
ce a
pplic
atio
ns)
–P
ower
con
sum
ptio
n is
not
ef
ficie
nt if
the
clus
ter
node
s ar
e on
ly u
sed
to
serv
e st
orag
e–
Low
pow
ered
sha
red-
noth
ing
node
s ar
e be
ing
prop
osed
for
arch
ival
st
orag
e (P
erga
mum
wor
k fr
om U
C S
anta
Cru
z)
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Sin
gle
No
de
Bat
tery
Ver
sus
Cen
tral
ized
U
PS
�La
rge
UP
Ss
can
reac
h 92
to 9
5 pe
rcen
t ef
ficie
ncy
at fu
ll lo
ad–
Ope
ratin
g at
low
er lo
ad r
esul
ts in
inef
ficie
ncy
whi
ch r
esul
ts in
the
gene
ratio
n of
hea
t–
Nee
d co
olin
g to
rem
ove
the
heat
from
the
data
ce
nter
�B
y ha
ving
12
volt
batte
ry a
t eac
h of
the
stor
age
node
s, G
oogl
e is
abl
e to
get
99.
9 pe
rcen
t ef
ficie
ncy
Sou
rce:
CN
ET
.com
Art
icle
on
Goo
gle,
Apr
il, 2
009
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Po
wer
Man
agem
ent
Str
ateg
ies
(Har
dw
are)
�H
ardw
are
Tec
hniq
ues
–A
rchi
tect
ural
Lev
el�
DA
S v
ersu
s S
tora
ge C
ontr
olle
rs
�S
ingl
e N
ode
Bat
tery
ver
sus
UP
S T
echn
olog
y
–S
tora
ge B
ox L
evel
�D
isks
ver
sus
SS
Ds
�E
ffici
ent P
ower
Sou
rces
�U
se o
f hig
her
capa
city
dis
ks�
Use
of l
ower
RP
M d
isks
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Eff
icie
nt
Po
wer
Su
pp
ly
�W
ant P
ower
Sup
plie
s th
at a
re E
ffici
ent f
or a
w
ider
ran
ge o
f loa
d–
The
se c
ost m
ore
–B
ut o
ffer
savi
ngs
in
pow
er c
onsu
mpt
ion
due
to le
ss h
eat g
ener
atio
n (le
ss c
oolin
g re
quire
d)
�If
ther
e ar
e m
ultip
le
Pow
er S
uppl
ies
usua
lly
each
one
is r
un a
t les
ser
load
, and
thus
, has
hi
gher
inef
ficie
ncy
90%
Eff
80%
Eff
80%
Eff
Mor
e E
ffici
ent
Pow
er S
uppl
y
(Effi
cien
cy)
75%
Eff
100
% L
oad
75%
Eff
50 %
Loa
d
50 %
Eff
10 %
Loa
d
Less
Effi
cien
tP
ower
Sup
ply
(Effi
cien
cy)
Load
Sou
rce:
Net
App
Inte
rnal
Stu
dy
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Hig
her
Cap
acit
y D
isks
Sou
rce:
Net
App
Whi
te P
aper
: WP
701
0-02
07
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Po
wer
Man
agem
ent
Str
ateg
ies
(So
ftw
are)
�S
oftw
are
Tec
hniq
ues
–S
tora
ge E
ffici
ency
�R
educ
e ov
erhe
ad p
er a
mou
nt o
f usa
ble
stor
age
�E
ffici
ent C
opie
s�
Dat
a D
e-du
plic
atio
n/C
ompr
essi
on�
Thi
n P
rovi
sion
ing
�N
umbe
r of
cop
ies
�P
rote
ctio
n M
echa
nism
–M
igra
tion
and
disk
shu
tdow
n/sp
in-d
own
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Sto
rag
e E
ffic
ien
cy T
ech
niq
ues
�R
educ
ing
Sto
rage
Ove
rhea
d
�T
hin
Pro
visi
onin
g
�E
ffici
ent P
rote
ctio
n M
echa
nism
s
�C
onso
lidat
ion
of P
roto
cols
�E
ffici
ent C
opie
s
�D
e-du
plic
atio
n/C
ompr
essi
on
Sou
rce:
Oliv
er W
yman
Art
icle
, Dec
200
7“M
akin
g G
reen
IT a
Rea
lity”
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Dis
k S
pin
-do
wn
/Sh
ut-
do
wn
Tec
hn
iqu
es
�M
igra
te le
ss a
cces
sed
data
to lo
wer
tier
s of
sto
rage
and
shu
t-do
wn
disk
s
�A
rchi
val d
ata
can
be s
tore
d on
dis
ks th
at a
re s
hut d
own
beca
use
of w
rite-
once
and
rea
d-m
aybe
pro
pert
ies
�D
iffic
ult t
o sh
ut-d
own
disk
s fo
r th
ose
appl
icat
ions
that
hav
e st
rict l
aten
cy
requ
irem
ents
and
hav
e lo
ng-t
aile
d di
strib
utio
n ac
cess
pat
tern
s
�S
pinn
ing
thin
gs d
own
to lo
wer
RP
M a
nd th
en s
pinn
ing
them
up
is d
iffic
ult
beca
use
cons
tant
spi
nnin
g up
dis
ks c
an a
ctua
lly r
esul
t in
high
erpo
wer
co
nsum
ptio
n
�C
OP
AN
has
sho
wn
roug
hly
5x ti
mes
pow
er s
avin
gs c
ompa
red
to n
orm
al
stor
age
cont
rolle
rs in
cas
es w
here
thin
gs c
an b
e sh
ut d
own.
–V
ery
dens
e pa
ckag
ing
than
trad
ition
al s
tora
ge c
ontr
olle
rs–
Kee
ps a
pplic
atio
n m
eta-
data
in c
ache
–S
pins
dis
ks d
own
but k
eeps
the
elec
tron
ics
up
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
SN
IA G
reen
Sto
rag
e In
itia
tive
Dev
ice
Cla
ssif
icat
ion
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
SN
IA C
onfig
urat
ion
& W
orkl
oad
Exa
mpl
e
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
SN
IA G
reen
Po
wer
Pro
file
Exa
mp
le
�G
reen
Pow
er P
rofi
le–
Pha
se 0
�P
reco
nditi
onin
g ph
ase
no p
ower
or
IO m
easu
rem
ents
are
ne
cess
ary
�5
min
utes
max
imum
OLT
P w
orkl
oad
�5
min
utes
no
wor
kloa
d (id
le)
�5
min
utes
max
imum
OLT
P w
orkl
oad
–P
hase
1
�Id
le m
easu
rem
ent p
hase
. N
o us
er in
itiat
ed c
omm
ands
allo
wed
�
60 m
inut
es m
easu
rem
ent p
erio
d
–P
hase
2�
OLT
P w
orkl
oad
�20
min
utes
mea
sure
men
t per
iod
�5
min
utes
res
t no
OLT
P w
orkl
oad
–P
hase
3�
Seq
uent
ial T
hrou
ghpu
t 50%
Rea
d 50
% W
rite
1MB
tran
sfer
�20
Min
utes
mea
sure
men
t per
iod
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
SN
IA G
reen
Po
wer
Pro
file
Exa
mp
le
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Po
wer
Man
agem
ent
Met
rics
MB
ps/W
att
Seq
uent
ial I
/O
Thr
ough
put
RT
O/W
att
9s/W
att
Ava
ilabi
lity
GB
/Wat
tU
sabl
e C
apac
ity
GB
/Wat
tC
apac
ity
IOP
s/W
att
I/O P
erfo
rman
ce(O
LTP
Typ
e W
orkl
oads
)
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Imp
act
of
Ser
ver
Vir
tual
izat
ion
on
Sto
rag
e
�S
erve
r V
irtua
lizat
ion
is b
eing
use
d to
co
nsol
idat
e ph
ysic
al s
erve
rs to
obt
ain
cost
, sp
ace
and
pow
er e
ffici
enci
es
�Im
pact
of S
erve
r V
irtua
lizat
ion
on S
tora
ge–
Nee
d fo
r sh
ared
sto
rage
–N
eed
for
effic
ient
sto
rage
with
de-
dupl
icat
ion
–I/O
inte
rfer
ence
due
to M
ulti-
tena
ncy
–M
is-m
atch
of H
yper
viso
ran
d S
tora
ge c
onst
ruct
s–
Blo
ck M
is-a
lignm
ent d
ue to
laye
rs o
f sto
rage
so
ftwar
e
©20
08 N
etA
pp.
All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Co
ncl
usi
on
�K
ey ta
keaw
ays
–S
tora
ge E
ffici
ency
is th
e pr
imar
y m
echa
nism
for
savi
ng p
ower
by
havi
ng fe
wer
num
ber
of d
isks
–F
lash
is e
mer
ging
as
a po
wer
effi
cien
t al
tern
ativ
e to
dis
ks (
pric
e is
stil
l an
issu
e)–
Shu
tting
-dow
n di
sks
is o
nly
attr
activ
e fo
r ar
chiv
al s
tora
ge
�N
eed
for:
–P
ower
Man
agem
ent M
etric
s S
tand
ards
–P
ower
aw
are
stor
age
man
agem
ent t
ools