Povijesna Antroponimija Gorskog Kotara U Hrvatskoj. Goranska Prezimena Kroz Povijest. byAntun BurićReview by: Joseph L. ConradSlavic Review, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Spring, 1982), pp. 166-167Published by:Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2496683 .

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166 Slavic Review

last resort in the system. Nevertheless, even here her observations are often more insightful than those of many political scientists dealing with the complexity of Yugoslav politics. The only weak section of the monograph is that devoted to agricultural policy, which seems to have been inserted as an afterthought. Apart from that, I would not hesitate to recommend the work to anyone concerned with the current economic problems of Yugoslavia, includ- ing present members of the Federal Executive Council.

ROBERT F. MILLER A ustralian National Universit i'

HUNGARY, THE GREAT POWERS, AND THE DANUBIAN CRISIS, 1936-1939. By Thomas L. Sakmyster. Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press, 1980. xviii, 284 pp. $20.00.

Over a period of several years, Thomas L. Sakmyster has published a series of significant articles on aspects of Hungary's role in European diplomacy during the 1930s and on the relationship of that role to domestic developments within Hungary. In this book he presents a thoughtful review of Hungarian policy in the years before World War II, based on extensive research in European archives, published Hungarian sources, and important materials collected by C. A. Macartney. An admirably clear and persuasive work, it begins with what for many readers will be a helpful discussion of the roots of Magyar foreign policy in the period immediately after World War I. There follow sketches of key figures who dominated Hungarian foreign policy in the interwar period: Horthy, Bethlen, Gombos, and Kanya. In the absence of scholarly biographies of any of these men, Sakmyster's balanced accounts are especially useful.

The core of the book is devoted to an analysis of the Hungarian establishment's attempt to work toward a revision of the 1919 peace settlement during the years 1935-39, as Budapest looked alternately, and sometimes simultaneously, toward Italy, Germany, and England for support in what the Magyar leadership assumed would be a reordering of the boundaries of Eastern and Southeastern Europe. Sakmyster shows clearly the Hungarians' wavering between admiration and fear of Germany and their vacillation between hope and terror at the prospect of war. He offers the most intelligent account I have seen of the negotiations between Hungary and the Little Entente, culminating in the Bled Agreement.

The tracing of Hungary's diplomacy in the crisis over Czechoslovakia is lucid and unlikely to be improved upon for a long time, even if German policy is not always seen correctly. The strictures on British policy toward Hungary after Munich will seem well deserved to many. Here, however, as throughout the narrative, the author would have done well to stress the extraordinarily bad reputation of the Magyars as oppressors of other nationalities, a reputation as much a part of the European situation of the 1930s as the sense of grievance over the Treaty of Trianon among the Magyars.

Students of interwar Europe and of the modern history of Hungary will read Sakmyster's book with pleasure and profit.

GERHARD L. WEINBERG

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

POVIJESNA ANTROPONIMIJA GORSKOG KOTARA U HRVATSKOJ. GO- RANSKA PREZIMENA KROZ POVIJEST. By Antun Buric. Rijeka, Yugosla- via: Drustvo za zastitu prirodne, kulturne i povijesne bastine Gorskog kotara, 1979. 293 pp. Paper.

Gorski kotar is the mountainous, forested region (once dubbed the "Croatian Switzer- land") lying between Karlovac in the east and Rijeka in the west. The river Kupa and

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Reviews 167

southwestern Slovenia provide the northern border, and the region is bounded on the south by a range of peaks between 600 and 1,100 meters above sea level. It is beautifully green in all seasons, and its clear, crisp air has long been appreciated by both residents and visitors. Unfortunately, as the men and women of working age move to the cities, the villages of Gorski kotar are becoming increasingly depopulated and are subject to influxes of relatives visiting grandfolks only during major holidays and summer vacations.

This was not always the case. The region has been settled since pre-Roman times, though the earliest Croats did not arrive until around A.D. 600. Various medieval records show that it changed hands frequently, either in whole or in part, that it was repeatedly attacked and invaded by the Turks in the fifteenth century, and that it was the property of numerous feudal lords before and after the Turkish occupation. The introduction outlines the geographical and historical features which distinguish this area from those surround- ing it, and the following section, "An Approach to Antroponymy," concerns the history and distribution of the names most frequently found there.

The greater part of this study is a historical treatment of family names from Gorski kotar. Buric lists some 1,735 of these and their first recorded dates and locations. To do so he examined hundreds of official church and state archival holdings. In addition, he also provides a competent discussion of the three major dialects of Serbo-Croatian found there (stokavian, cakavian, and kajkavian), lists of feudal owners and rulers of the major subsections beginning with the twelfth century, a survey of the role of the church and its various administrative districts since the seventh century, a list of correspondences between older spellings of place and family names and their present renderings in the standard language, a list of sources cited or consulted, and a bibliography offering more than eighty titles treating the history of this region (including many in French, German, and Italian as well as in Serbo-Croatian).

In short, Antun Buric has presented the interested historian and ethnographer with a well-documented, concise description of Gorski kotar and a convenient source for tracing family names associated with this region. For this he is to be commended.

JOSEPH L. CONRAD University of Kansas

SOZIALISTISCHE LANDWIRTSCHAFTLICHE KOOPERATION IN SLOWENI- EN. By Matija Kovaeie. Giessener Abhandlungen zur Agrar- und Wirtschafts- forschung des europaischen Ostens, vol. 101. Berlin: Dunker & Humblot, 1980. 117 pp.

Matija Kova&c's study is based on research conducted in the Kmetijski Institut Slovenije in Ljubljana and in Germany on agricultural cooperatives in Slovenia. It is unfortunate that the English summary refers to the development of cooperatives as a form of "nationalization" of private agriculture because the German text and the reality of Slovene practice indicate that the Yugoslavs draw a clear distinction between "sociali- zation" and "nationalization." Edvard Kardelj may have spoken about the socialist transformation of agriculture ("der sozialistischen Umformung der Landwirtschaft"), but he was thinking in terms of the Yugoslav system of self-management and not of Soviet sovkhozes. As Kova&c makes clear, the first stage in the process is the involvement of private farmers in various forms of collaboration with the socialist sector, while leaving the ownership of land in private hands. Slovenia, the most economically developed republic in Yugoslavia, has the lowest percentage of population engaged in agriculture and the greatest degree of market orientation among its farmers. It also has a long tradition of agricultural cooperatives, reaching back to the Christian Socialist movement of nineteenth-century Habsburg times. Today Slovene private farms are among the most

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