Poverty: New Definition

Das Swajan - 100763MSc. International Business - PUE

Globalisation

Benifits of Globalisation

• Free Trade– Competition– Wide range of products– Export– Expertising

• Free Movement of Labour• Increased Economies of Scale• Competitive Market• Huge Investment

Globalisation & Trillion Dollar Economies

Govt. Budget (%) – Trillion Dollars Economies

Govt. Debt to GDP (%) – Trillion Dollar Economies

Regionalisation & EU Economies (GDP Billion USD)

Govt. Budget (%) – EU Economies

Govt. Debt to GDP (%) - EU Economies

Highest Govt. Debt (%) – 15 Economies

Lowest Govt. Debt – 15 Economies

Highest Govt. Budget Deficit (%) – 15 Economies

Highest Govt. Budget Surplus (%) – 15 Economies

Country Credit Rating (1/2)

Moody's S&P Fitch

Remarks

Long-term Short-term Long-term Short-term Long-term Short-term

Aaa

P-1

AAA

A-1+

AAA

F1+

Prime

Aa1 AA+ AA+

High gradeAa2 AA AA

Aa3 AA- AA-

A1 A+

A-1

A+

F1Upper medium

gradeA2 A A

A3

P-2

A-

A-2

A-

F2

Baa1 BBB+ BBB+

Lower medium grade

Baa2

P-3

BBB

A-3

BBB

F3

Baa3 BBB- BBB-

Country Credit Rating (1/2)

Ba1

Not prime

BB+

B

BB+

B

Non-investment grade

Ba2 BB BB speculative

Ba3 BB- BB-  

B1 B+ B+

Highly speculativeB2 B B

B3 B- B-

Caa1 CCC+

C CCC C

Substantial risks

Caa2 CCCExtremely

speculative

Caa3 CCC- In default with little

CaCC

prospect for recovery

C  

C

D /

DDD

/ In default/ DD

/ D

Credit Rating - Top 15 Economies (1/2)

S/L Country S&P Rating Moody's rating Fitch Rating

1 Australia AAA Aaa AAA

2 Brazil BBB Baa2 BBB

3 Canada AAA Aaa AAA

4 China AA- Aa3 A+

5 France AA+ Aa1 AAA

6 Germany AAA Aaa AAA

7 India BBB- Baa3 BBB-

8 Italy BBB+ Baa2 BBB+

Credit Rating - Top 15 Economies (2/2)

S/L Country S&P Rating Moody's rating Fitch Rating

9 Japan AA- Aa3 A+

10 Mexico BBB Baa1 BBB+

11 Russia BBB Baa1 BBB

12 South Korea A+ Aa3 AA-

13 Spain BBB- Baa3 BBB

14 UK AAA AA1 AA+

15 USA AA+ Aaa AAA

Credit Rating - EU Economies (1/3)

S/L Country S&P Rating Moody's rating Fitch Rating

1 Austria AA+ Aaa AAA

2 Belgium AA Aa3 AA

3 Bulgaria BBB Baa2 BBB-

4 Cyprus CCC B3 BB-

5 Czech Republic AA- A1 A+

6 Denmark AAA Aaa AAA

7 Estonia AA- A1 A+

8 Finland AAA Aaa AAA

9 France AA+ Aa1 AAA

Credit Rating - EU Economies (2/3)

S/L Country S&P Rating Moody's rating Fitch Rating

10 Germany AAA Aaa AAA

11 Greece B- C CCC

12 Hungary BB Ba1 BB+

13 Ireland BBB+ Ba1 BBB+

14 Italy BBB+ Baa2 BBB+

15 Latvia BBB Baa2 BBB

16 Lithuania BBB Baa1 BBB+

17 Luxembourg AAA Aaa AAA

18 Malta BBB+ A3 A+

Credit Rating - EU Economies (3/3)

S/L Country S&P Rating Moody's rating Fitch Rating

19 Netherlands AAA Aaa AAA

20 Poland A- A2 A-

21 Portugal BB Ba3 BB+

22 Romania BB+ Baa3 BBB-

23 Slovakia A A2 A+

24 Slovenia A Ba1 BBB+

25 Spain BBB- Baa3 BBB

26 Sweden AAA Aaa AAA

27 United Kingdom AAA AA1 AA+

the State of Brunei Darussalam

Population: 415,717

GDP: $21.94 Billion

GDP Per Capita: $50,500

GDP Growth Rate: 2.7%

GDP Composition:Agriculture: 0.6%Industry: 71.7%Service: 27.7%

Crude oil and natural gas production account for 60% of GDP and more than 90% of exports. Per capita GDP is among the highest in Asia. Source: CIA

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