potential of bamboo for climate change adaptation in congo basin

THINKING beyond the canopy

Potential of Bamboo for Climate Change adaptation in Congo Basin

Denis J. Sonwa1&2 1. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Yaoundé Cameroon.2. International Institute of tropical Agriculture (IITA), Yaoundé Cameroon

Bamboo Carbon Forestry, Landscape Restoration & Sustainable Use Workshop on Harnessing the Potentials of Bamboo for Carbon Trading, Landscape Restoration and Job Creation

Yaoundé, 11-12 August 2016


PlanClimate responses in

Congo Basin

Climate Vulnerabilty

Adaptation responses

Moving ahead with Bamboo in adaptation


Bassin du Congo: Le Cœur vert de l’Afrique !!!*

Walker et al. 2008, Congo Basin State of the Forest, 2006

Climate responses in Congo Basin

Biodiversity conservation was the priority

REDD+ as a priority

Issues of farmers livelihoods Vs Ecological consideration

Few investment on Adaptation


Bamboo within the responsesClimate responses in Congo Basin

Only Rwanda is mentioning Bamboo in his National Communication (Deforestation & Need of plantation for forest habitat protection & Livelihood)

No Bamboo mention in PANA documents in Congo Basin


ADAPTATION, definition…Climate responses in Congo Basin

Adaptation to climate change requires adjustments in ecological, social, or economic systems to respond to actual or expected climatic situations and their effects.

Adapting includes changes in processes, practices, and structures to moderate potential damages or benefit from opportunities linked to climate change. (UNFCCC)


Livelihood actitvities

Climatic exposure

Agriculture Livestock NTFPs Hunting FishingLekie Yoka Lekie Yoka Lekie Yoka Lekie Yoka Lekie Yoka

Heavy rainfall --- --- o o o o o o + +Punctual droughts during rainy season

--- - -- - - o o

Occasional rainfall during dry season ++ + + o

Low rainfall during the year + + - - o o -

Strong winds -- - o - - oHeat waves during dry season -- - - o o - - o

--- High negative,-- Med negative,- Low negative,o No, + Low positive,++ Med positive

Impacts on livelihood activities (Cameroon)*

Forest-related activities:Less sensitive(safety nets?)

Agriculture and livestock:Very sensitive to climate

variability

…. of forest communitiesVulnerability

*cofcca project, CIFOR


…. of BambooVulnerability

As on others vegetation stands in Congo Basin, few studies exist on vulnerabilities of Bamboo Stands (Natural and Plantation)

What will be the situation of Bamboo with the vulnerability of his habitat to climate change?

How can the vulnerability of farmers affect the vulnerability of Bamboo stands?

Can the mitigation activities using Bamboo be sustainable if the vulnerability of Bamboo is not well master?

What are the main factor that can potentially affect Bamboo stand?



Mainly based on PANA

Focus on Resilient Agriculture

Diversification to buffer vulnerability effects

Climate Information for seasonal to sub-seasonal forecasting

Activities in some vulnerable ecosystems

…. In Congo Basin



No direct mention of bamboo for Adaptation

Bamboo mention for mitigation in Rwanda but some indirect adaptation effects

CIFOR project (COBAM) : build the synergy between Adaptation and Mitigation with Bamboo in protected area landscape in Rwanda

…. an Bamboo


Challenge, How to merge adaptation & mitigation in main biodiversity landscapes?

Making sure that REDD+ pilot activities are resilient to Climate change

Less pressure on forest habitat

Response to socio-economic & climate change pressures

COBAM : Climate change and forests in the Congo basin: Synergies between adaptation and mitigation




STUDIES* Bamboo is part of the livelihood

of rural communities

Deforestation of Bamboo stand is threatening carbon stock and biodiversity habitat

Main hazards during which Bamboo is used by local authorities and farmer as coping strategy: Strong Winds, heavy rains, land slides & Floods

…. an Bamboo, CIFO/COBAM-ARECO imitativeParticipatory responses*

Bamboo nurseries, multiplication & transformation for: carbon stock enhancement

(Mitigation)

Soil Erosion control (Adaptation)

Diversify income to increase the resilience of the household (Adaptation)

*Pavageau, C., R. Butterfield et A. M. Tiani (2013). Current vulnerability in the Virunga landscape, Rwanda. Bogor, Indonésie, Centre de recherche forestière internationale (CIFOR) : 4p

Mukakamari Dancilla, Louis Bernard Cheteu (2014). Foresterie à base communautaire pour l’atténuation et l’adaptation dans la zone du Parc National des Volcans (PNV) au Rwanda (COBAM-ARECO), Brief, COBAM, Bogor, Indonésie, Centre de recherche forestière internationale (CIFOR) : 4p

NOTE D’IDEE DE PROJET(NIP), Appui à la promotion de la foresterie à base communautaire pour la conservation de la biodiversité, l’amélioration des conditions de vie et la lutte contre le changement climatique dans la zone du Parc National des Volcans (PNV) au Rwanda. Projet COBAM/PNV (Doccument Interne)


Moving Ahead with Bamboo in Adaptation

INBAR comment on the entry points of Bamboo in Climate Change Adaptation*

Innovative use of Bamboo in Climate Smart Agriculture (reduce soil erosion, maintain slopes stability, rapidly restore degraded lands; off-farm sources of income ; animal fodder)

Disaster Resilience (Bamboo housing & structures): (disaster include: flood, typhoons &cyclones, rising sea levels, mud slides and degraded coastal zones )

*INBAR Position paper, Input to the COP21-Paris – negotiation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, December 2015


Moving Ahead with Bamboo in Adaptation Why Bamboo was not part of Adaptation responses in many countries?

it did not have the same place in the livelihood as other NWFP !!!

Few Information exist on the potential valorization of Bamboo !!!

Few stakeholders new the existence of INBAR

Is Bamboo a product that all the virtues (including the role in adaptation to climate change) are not yet well understood in the Congo Basin Landscapes?

All the contributions (including INBAR one’) to Climate Change Response are welcome!!!!!!!


Moving Ahead with Bamboo in Adaptation Adaptation for Bamboo

Identify the climate factors that can affect natural and plantation stands of Bamboo

Understand the impact of the future climate on Bamboo

Improve the SFM of Bamboo and his resilience to climate change (Potential synergy between adaptation & Mitigation)

Bamboo for Adaptation

Use the Bamboo for ecosystem conservation (Soil erosion control, land slides, floods, etc..)..

Use of bamboo to increase the resilience of agricultural land uses

Use of bamboo to increase the resilience of other livelihoods (Directly and/or indirectly)

EBA (Ecosystem Base Adaptation)


*Climate responses in Congo basin generally take biodiversity conservation in consideration

*Bamboo is not yet at the center of policy responses on climate change (only one country mention Bamboo in National Communication)

*Lessons can be learned on Example of Rwanda..

*Moving ahead imply taking in consideration “Adaptation for Bamboo” and “Bamboo for Adaptation” in the biodiversity landscapes

importance of Synergy Adaptation & Mitigation

Conclusion


www.cifor.org/cobam

Thank you

www.cifor.cgiar.org

Twitter: @[email protected]

www.cifor.org/cofcca/home.html

http://foreststreesagroforestry.org/

potential of bamboo for climate change adaptation in congo basin

Environment