positive safety culture - singapore

8/20/2019 Positive Safety Culture - Singapore

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Positive Safety Culture- Roles of Regulators

Mr Ho Siong Hin

2 Divisional DirectorOccupational Safety and Health Division

Ministry of ManpowerSingapore


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Overview

Safety Culture Defined Importance of Safety Culture Virtuous Cycles to Cultivate Positive Safety

Culture New Legal Framework to Support Positive

Safety Culture Regulator’s Roles

Capability Building Facilitation roles Enforcement Stance


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Safety Culture

Organisational Culture is,

“a system of shared values (what is important) andbeliefs (how things work) that interact with acompany’s people, organisational structures, andcontrol systems to produce behavioural norms (the

way we do things around here).”(Uttal, B. 1983)

Safety Culture is,

“a system of shared values (what is important) andbeliefs (how things work) that interact with acompany’s people, organisational structures, andcontrol systems to produce safety-related behavioural

norms (the way we do things around here).”


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Safety Culture Defined

Safety-related

behavioural norms

People

Organisa-

tional

Structure

Control

Systems

Shared

Beliefs

Shared

Values Safety

Culture

Accident


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Positive Safety Culture

Shared Values All human lives are precious

Safety is more important than production

Shared Beliefs

All accidents are preventable

My actions/decisions have safety implications onothers

I am accountable for my safety actions/decisions


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F r e q u e n

c y R a t e

Accident Frequency Rate = No. of accidents per million man-hours worked

Accident Frequency Rate by

Year (All Industries)

Introduction of Safety

Management System

Average frequency

rate remained at 2.2


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Limits to Growth/ Success

Efforts onenforcement

& SMS

X = Safetyperformance

Gap = X - Y

Perf VsExpectation

Amount ofindustry efforts& resources on

safety

Y = Expectation ofindustry

Safety culture ofindustry

+

+

+

+

+ -

-rowth Loop

Limiting Loop

Key toovercoming

plateau

Society/public’sexpectation

+


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F r e q u e n c y R a t e

Accident Frequency Rate = No. of accidents per million man-hours worked

Accident Frequency Rate by

Year (All Industries)

Introduction of Safety

Management System

Average frequency

rate remained at 2.2

Time to focus on

Positive Safety

Culture


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Cultivating Positive SafetyCulture

To support and develop a positivesafety culture – 3 virtuous cycles areneeded:

Virtuous cycle sustaining organisation’s safety performance results

Virtuous cycle supporting networks of

committed people Virtuous cycle supporting personal

results


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Virtuous Cycle: Organisation’sSafety Performance Results

Enthusiasm &

Willingness to

Commit

Credibility

Safety

PerformanceResults

D E L A Y

Investment

to build

Safety Culture

Capabilities

DELAY

New

Behavioural

Norms

D E L A Y


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Virtuous Cycle: Networks ofCommitted People

Enthusiasm &

Willingness to

Commit

Investment

to build

Safety Culture

People

Engagement

Shared Values& Beliefs


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Virtuous Cycle: PersonalResults

Enthusiasm &

Willingness to

Commit

Investment

to buildSafety Culture

Capabilities

PersonalResults

D E L

A Y


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Legal Framework to SupportPositive Safety Culture

From Minimising Presented Risksto Mitigating Them at Source:Involving All Stakeholders

Occupiers, employers, suppliers,manufacturers, designers and persons atwork must have responsibility for risk

prevention


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Prevent accidents through higherpenalties for poor safetymanagement

Greater financial disincentives andpenalties


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Industry Required to Take GreaterOwnership of Safety Outcomes

From Prescriptive to Goal-setting

Legislation: Mandatory Safety ManagementSystems, Health and Safety Plans


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Regulator’s Roles

Regulator’s Roles

Capability Building

Facilitation

Surfacing results through enforcement


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Role of Regulators

Personal

Results

Enthusiasm &

Willingness to

Commit

Investment

to build

Safety Culture

Capabilities

D E L A

Y


People

Engagement

Safety

Performance

Results

D E

L A Y

Credibility

New

Behavioural

Norms

D E L A

Y

CapabilityBuilding

D E L A Y


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Capability Building

With the new framework, competency gapswill develop, for e.g.

ability to design for safe construction, operation

and demolition ability to conduct Risk Assessment

ability to create and implement S&H Plans

Initial period, there will be a need to provideincentives and also bring in suchcompetencies


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Role of Regulators

Personal

Results

Enthusiasm &

Willingness to

Commit

Investment

to build

Safety Culture

Capabilities

D E L A

Y


People

Engagement

Safety

Performance

Results

D E

L A Y Credibility

New

Behavioural

Norms

D E L A

Y

EngagingStakeholders

thru’

Facilitation

D E L A

Y


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Facilitation

Facilitation = “Make it easier” Consult and communicate with all

stakeholders Address concerns Anticipate problems

Mitigate implementation costs

Encourage communication betweenstakeholders


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Facilitation

Communication channels Seminars

Promotion activities

Promoting Best Practices

Identify & Publicise Best Practices

Recognition & Awards


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Role of Regulators

Personal

Results

Enthusiasm &

Willingness to

Commit

Investment

to build

Safety Culture

Capabilities

D E L A

Y

Shared Values

& Beliefs

People

Engagement

Safety

Performance

Results

D E

L A Y Credibility

New

Behavioural

Norms

D E L A

Y

Enforcement-Personal

accountabilityand duties on

all stakeholders

D E L A

Y


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Enforcement Stance

Instilling key values Personal accountability Duties on all stakeholders

Accountability balanced with power RSO’s power to be expanded

Preventative enforcement Penalise on poor safety management Nurturing Stakeholders Culture


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Role of Regulators

Personal

Results

Enthusiasm &

Willingness to

Commit

Investment

to build

Safety Culture

Capabilities

D E L A

Y

Shared Values

& Beliefs

People

Engagement

Safety

Performance

Results

D E

L A Y Credibility

New

Behavioural

Norms

D E L A

Y

Capability

Building

Enforcement-Personal

accountabilityand duties on

all stakeholders D E

L A Y

EngagingStakeholders

thru’

Facilitation


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Conclusions

The current system has reached plateau andto achieve a quantum leap we need toinculcate a positive safety culture in the

industry Safety culture is the key to sustained

improvement of safety performance

Shared values and beliefs that create behaviouralnorms

Need to revamp OSH framework


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Conclusions

Regulators can play unique roles in thesystem and it encompasses:

Capability building

Facilitation Enforcement

However, legal framework can seek to

support, but not create, a positive safetyculture Need the industry to help itself!

positive safety culture - singapore

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