portfolio- use

Juliana Myers and Paige LaMancusa

The Sounds of Music

Interventions II

Public Health Promotion

Assessment-‐ Generalized Model Step 1: Determining the Purpose and Scope of the Needs Assessment

-‐To examine the needs and services provided to older adults in Portage County

Step 2: Gathering Data-‐-‐Talk with Community Partners 1. At the Coleman Services Adult Day center, the older adults have a hard time

concentrating on one activity. Their memory is scarce and they have frequent mood swings depending on the day and person. Older adults are increasing in rates of dementia, social isolation, and symptoms including depression and other non-‐communicable diseases. “Dementia is a condition with a set of symptoms, signs, and clinical features that reflects a progressive loss of higher cognitive functions, including memory, language, executive function, and problem solving” (Feldman et al., 2014). This is causing the number of people in nursing homes to rise and costs of care to the older population to increase. “One in 10 people older than 65 and nearly half of people older than 85 have Alzheimer’s disease” (Rocca, 2011).

Step 3: Analyzing the data-‐ 1. At the Coleman Adult Day, we can volunteer working and helping with the

implementation of a possible program in the future involving music and quality of life. Music therapy can be very useful for the older population as they are going through lots of anxiety and stress losing their cognitive and physical abilities.

Step 4: Identifying Risk Factors to health Problem

1. Reducing depression and isolation of older adults in nursing homes or day cares is very important for our future health care. In the state of Ohio, it is said that in 2020, 190,576 total residents in nursing homes and 47% are to have moderate to severe cognitive impairment. An easy, low cost way of doing this is through music therapy. “AMTA (2006) cite the following as beneficial effects of MT: positive changes in mood, reduction in depression and reduced frequency of agitated or aggressive behaviours, increased awareness of self and environment, nonpharmacological management of pain, anxiety

and stress reduction for both the patient and the caregiver, and opportunities for emotional intimacy when families share musical experiences” (Blackburn et al., 2014).

Step 5: Identifying the Program Focus

Depression and social/cognitive impairment of older adults in nursing homes or day cares.

Step 6: Validating the Prioritized Needs

Purpose-‐ increase the quality of life with music for older adults with depression and social/cognitive impairment

Partners-‐ Coleman Services, Kent State students

Resources-‐ Americorps, or Go FundMe website, possibly Stark County Health Dept. and/or get in contact with Portage County, smaller grants

Project name-‐ The Sound of Music

Rationale-‐ The rationale in this intervention is, “The Sound of Music program can educate caregivers and health professionals about the benefits of having individualized music therapy for the older population in their everyday lives. There are many long term effects for interventions including music therapy such as “positive changes in mood, reduction in depression, reduced aggressive behaviors, increased awareness of self and environment, nonpharmacological management of pain, anxiety and stress reduction for both the patient and the caregiver, and opportunities for emotional intimacy when families share musical experience” (Blackburn et al., 2014).

Mission, Goals and Objectives

A mission statement

-‐To serve older adults and increase their quality of life with the help of music

Program Goals

-‐Produce a program which can be incorporated at Coleman Services that will reduce mood

swings, depression, and isolation in the Adult Day Care program

Impact Objectives: Objective 1-‐ Teach staff about program-‐ Learning Objective-‐ improve self-‐efficacy of staff-‐ HBM

Objective 2-‐ Administer program to patients-‐ Behavioral and environmental -‐ to improve mood

of patients and improve environment for patients and staff.

Outcome Objectives: 1. Teach program director or similar staff member how to administer the program

2. Develop a program including instructions, equipment, and forms for developing music

playlists and observing feedback.

3. See 50% of the sample population (12 residents) have a positive effect from the program.

Blackburn, R., & Bradshaw, T. (2014). Music therapy for service users with dementia: a critical review of the literature. Journal Of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing, 21(10), 879-‐888. doi:10.1111/jpm.12165

Feldman, H. H., Haas, M., Gandy, S., Schoepp, D. D., Cross, A. J., Mayeux, R., & ... Nye, J. S. (2014). Alzheimer's disease research and development: a call for a new research roadmap. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences, 1313(1), 1-‐16. doi:10.1111/nyas.12424

Rocca, W. A., Petersen, R. C., Knopman, D. S., Hebert, L. E., Evans, D. A., Hall, K. S., … White, L. R. (2011). Trends in the incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, and cognitive impairment in the United States. Alzheimer’s & Dementia : The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association, 7(1), 80–93. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2010.11.002

Blackburn, R., & Bradshaw, T. (2014). Music therapy for service users with dementia: a critical review of the literature. Journal Of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing, 21(10), 879-‐888. doi:10.1111/jpm.12165

Name:_______________________ Group #____Date:_____________

Survey Assessment:

Birthday? -‐

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Age?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Where were you born?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Where did you grow up?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Do you play a musical instrument?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Did anyone in your family play music?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

What music does your family listen to?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Do you prefer music with instruments, or with words and singing?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Can you name your favorite genre?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Do you recall any radio stations that you’ve listened to?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Do you like the radio?... What stations do you know of?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

What do you like listening to on the radio?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Are you familiar with swing music? (1950-‐60s)

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Pop-‐ Frank Sinatra and Bing Crosby? Familiar with the word Crooners? (1940s)

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Benny Goodman and Glenn Miller? (1940s)

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Jazz-‐ Ella Fitzgerald, Billie Holiday, Louis Armstrong and also Nat King Cole? (1940s)

_____________________________________________________________________________________

30s, 40s and 50s & 60s music

30s

Folk Music

Woody Guthrie (1912–1967), a singer and guitar player from Okemah, Oklahoma, became America’s

best-‐known balladeer of the 1930s. He traveled all over the country writing folk songs such as "So Long,

It’s Been Good to Know You," "Goin’ Down the Road (Feelin’ Bad)," "Hard Travelin’," "Roll On,

Columbia," and "This Land Is Your Land."

Huddie Ledbetter (known as "Leadbelly," 1885–1949), an African American singer, wrote songs about

the experiences of African Americans during the 1930s. He was considered by some to be the king of the

12-‐string blues guitar. Some of his best-‐known songs are "Cotton Fields," "The Midnight Special," "Rock

Island Line," "Take This Hammer," and "Goodnight Irene."

Musical Movies

Many composers wrote for movies and Broadway musicals in the 1930s. Movies provided a lift from the

hard times, and "talkies," movies with sound, were relatively new. Two popular film categories were the

movie musical and the singing-‐cowboy film. Some important popular composers during this time include

Harold Arlen ("Over the Rainbow" from The Wizard of Oz), Irving Berlin ("Easter Parade" from As

Thousands Cheer), Hoagy Carmichael ("Heart and Soul" from A Song Is Born), Duke Ellington ("Mood

Indigo" from Dreamy Blues), George Gershwin ("Summertime" from Porgy and Bess), and Johnny

Mercer ("Jeepers Creepers" from Going Places).

Pop Performers of the 1930s

Popular singers and/or dancers of the 1930s include the Andrews Sisters, Fred Astaire, Gene Autry, Bing

Crosby, Billie Holiday, Roy Rogers, Ginger Rogers, Shirley Temple, and Ethel Waters.

Jazz, the Swing Era, and Big Bands

Big band jazz became popular in the 1930s. Big bands consisted of 15 to 20 players who were heard

throughout the country at dances, on the radio, and in movies. A style of couples’ dance called "swing

dancing" went with big band jazz. One such dance, called the "jitterbug," features partners throwing

each other over the head and through the legs.

Legendary bandleaders of this era include Count Basie, Tommy Dorsey, Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman,

Woody Herman, Harry James, Glen Miller, and Artie Shaw. Most bands featured singers, and many vocal

recording artists of the period got their start with a big band.

The combo jazz band also became popular in the 1930s. A combo is typically made up of a piano, bass,

and drums (the rhythm section) with two to four melody players on instruments such as the clarinet,

trumpet, saxophone, vibraphone, or guitar. Benny Goodman led a very influential combo band that was

racially mixed—an unusual idea in segregated America at a time when most bands were either African

American or European American.

Country and Western Music

The first recordings of country music were made in the 1920s in a style that was then called "hillbilly

music." By the 1930s, the media—radio and recordings—had begun to popularize a new style called

"country and western," named after its eastern (Nashville, Tennessee) and southwestern (Texas) roots.

It included country gospel, the beginnings of bluegrass, cowboy musicals (movies and shows), brothers’

and sisters’ duets, and western swing.

Even though times were tough in the United States during the 1930s, the era provided new innovations

in folk music, jazz, popular songs, musicals, and country and western music.

Resource:

http://www.ecusd7.org/columbus/columbusstaff/rcanada/09kids/grant/musicinthe1930s.htm

40s

Music in the 1940s was mainly built around the jazz and big band styles that were popular during the

day. Artists like Rosemary Clooney, Count Basie, and Artie Shaw helped to define the musical era with

their unique brand of entertaining crowds through their music.

One of the innovators of the 1940s musical style was Dizzy Gillespie. Known for his trademark puffy

cheeks formed from being a prominent jazz trumpeter, Dizzy Gillespie was one of the prominent band

leaders of the day. He also helped to create the bebop style of music, which consisted of a fast-‐tempo

style of jazz combined with scat singing. Scat singing was a phenomenon that came to prominence

during this era and it consisted of several nonsense but rhythmical syllables strung together to fit with

the music. Dizzy Gillespie also helped to create the Afro-‐Cuban music trend that enjoyed popularity

during the following years. This style combined musical aspects from both Latin and African influences.

Dizzy Gillespie was also known for having a bent trumpet because it produced a unique sound that was

characteristic of his particular sound.

Cab Calloway was another popular scat jazz singer that came to prominence in the 1940s. In fact, he was

so prominent in this field of music that he was often referred to as the “Hi De Ho” guy. Calloway is also

synonymous with the Betty Boop cartoon because his popular song “Minnie the Moocher” was used as

the score for one of the episodes.

Bing Crosby helped to define the music of the 1940s as well as much of the music today. Most famous

for his rendition of “White Christmas,” Crosby was a great musical talent during his day and musicians

continued to be influenced for several decades, including Frank Sinatra, Perry Como, and Dean Martin.

The Dorsey Brothers are also synonymous with the big band style of the 1940s Jimmy Dorsey was an

accomplished musician who was talented in playing the clarinet and saxophone. His orchestra was one

of the first musical acts to sell millions of albums containing their performances. Tommy Dorsey was a

prominent jazz trombonist who also lead his own orchestra. His act accounted for over 130 hits on the

Billboard Charts and, like Calloway, his orchestra included some of the most popular musicians of the

era.

Resource: http://www.thepeoplehistory.com/40smusic.html

50s

Rhythm & Blues: Fats Domino, Little Richard, Professor Longhair, Johnny Otis, Hank Ballard, Ruth Brown,

Big Joe Turner, The Clovers, The Platters, Bo Diddley, Chuck Berry, Ray Charles, Lloyd Price, The

Dominoes, Bill Black, Johnny Ace, BB King, The Drifters

Pre-‐Rock / Pop: Doris Day, Mitch Miller, Percy Faith, Nat King Cole, Frankie Laine, Rosemary Clooney,

Frank Sinatra, Tony Bennett, Perry Como, Johnny Mathis, Eddie Fisher, The Four Aces, Patti Page,

Rosemary Clooney, Jo Stafford, Kay Starr, Dean Martin, Pat Boone

Folk Revival: Pete Seeger, The Weavers, The Kingston Trio, Guy Mitchell, Odetta, Harry Belafonte, The

Brothers Four, Chad Mitchell Trio

Doo Wop: The Orioles, The Charms, The Clovers, The Penguins, The Crows, The Five Satins, The

Moonglows, The Del-‐Vikings, The Diamonds, Frankie Lymon & The Teenagers

Rock & Roll / Rockabilly: Elvis Presley, Gene Vincent, Carl Perkins, Eddie Cochran, Bill Haley & His

Comets, Buddy Holly, The Everly Brothers, Jerry Lee Lewis, Johnny Burnette & The Rock n' Roll Trio,

Wanda Jackson, Ritchie Valens, Johnny Cash

Teen Idols: Ricky Nelson, Frankie Avalon, Fabian, Paul Anka, Dion, Annette Funicello

Jazz: Miles Davis, Dave Brubeck, Thelonious Monk, Ella Fitzgerald, Louis Armstrong, Sonny Rollins, Art

Blakey, Duke Ellington, Sarah Vaughan, Charles Mingus

Resource: http://www.rockmusictimeline.com/1950s.html

60s

Popular Music Genres of the 1960's

British Invasion Motown/R&B Surf Rock and Psychedelic Rock

The Beatles, The Who, The Rolling

Stones, Cream, The Yardbirds,

Donovan, Manfred Mann, The

Kinks, Herman's Hermits, Tom

Jones, Dusty Springfield, The

Animals

The Marvelettes, The Supremes,

Marvin Gaye, The Four Tops, The

Drifters, The Temptations, The

Miracles, Stevie Wonder, Gladys

Knight & the Pips, The Spinners,

Aretha Franklin

The Beach Boys, The

Ventures, The Champs, The

Doors, The Grateful Dead, The

Jimi Hendrix Experience,

Jefferson Airplane, Jan and

Dean, The Kingsmen, The

Trashmen

Roots Rock and Hard Rock Folk Rock and Protest Music Acappella

Janis Joplin, Creedence Clearwater

Revival, Steppenwolf, Roy Orbison,

Procol Harum, The Rolling Stones,

The Who, The Animals, The Band,

The Troggs

Bob Dylan, Simon & Garfunkel,

The Mamas & the Papas,

Buffalo Springfield, Crosby,

Stills & Nash, The Lovin'

Spoonful, The Byrds, The

Turtles, Gordon Lightfoot,

Peter, Paul and Mary

The Persuasions, The Heartaches,

The Concepts, The Five Jades, The

Notations, The Chessmen, The

Five Sharks, The Royal Counts,

The Zircons, The Five Fashions,

The Del Capris, The Shells

Resource: http://www.thepeoplehistory.com/60smusic.html

Assessments in Groups of 2 (Original List of Clients)

Mary M.-‐

Lee-‐ X

Ed C.-‐ X

Martha K.-‐ X

Betty M.-‐

Bud-‐ X

Richard-‐

Mary Anne-‐ X

Rose -‐

Jerry-‐

Dona-‐ X

Added during participation:

Robert-‐

Did not continue participation:

Lee, Ed C., Bud, Dona, Mary Anne, Martha

Future possible clients:

Walter L.-‐ 91

Croatian, Catholic, Army

Fiddle and Banjo, Short term memory

Wife, Sons & Daughter in laws

Dog, Social Outings, Visitors, Country Music, Singing, Television, No photos

Don C.-‐ 88

College, Army

Golf, can’t walk, handy with woodwork

Close with Son’s Daughter, Nieces and Nephews

Dogs, Football, baseball, Movies, Nature, Television, Drawing

WW2 Vet served in Italy

Myrtle T.-‐ 80, highest level of ed.-‐ 9th grade

Short term memory, Close with daughter

Pet cat, Visitors, Music, Baking, TV, and radio

Ilona D.-‐

Bud C.-‐ 88 (1928)

Plays harmonica, country music, religious Christian

The Sound of Music

Vocal, Patriotic music John Denver, Johnny Cash, Frank Sinatra

Played WCRF-‐ religious (Ravenna Comm. Choir) 1975-‐1990 went to Indiana and Washington in 1976 80

people, Lincolns memorial dinner Jefferson memorial

Battle Hymn of the Republicans

OBSERVATION INFORMATION

Mary M-‐

-‐is 92, born in 1926.

Poor short term memory-‐ Close with daughter, son-‐in-‐law, and sister’s dog

Rock and Roll: Everly Brothers, Roy Orbison, Elvis, Jerry Lee Lewis, Chuck Berry, Bob Darin

Dogs, bible study, current events, maybe social outings, exercise, crafts, singing, baking, parties

She likes music, sings at church, and likes rock and roll. Super sweet lady who will probably enjoy

program. Always very grateful for us being there.

Lee-‐

-‐deaf but likes to dance, played piano, and likes country music. Lee was very quiet and did not

participate in the group assessment. He listened the whole time and nodded his head when you asked

him questions. He never gave a full complete sentence or any thought to his answers.

Ed C-‐

-‐85 born in 1930. He left the room but wanted to come back. I think he has advanced dementia

-‐Catholic, Navy

Advanced Dementia

Close with wife and children

Watch sports, Puzzles, Likes to keep busy, Needs things to do

He was very confused when we asked him questions. He did not like having to sit and answer quickly. I

believe he’d benefit from this program but it was very hard to get in touch with him. I think if we gave

him options to listen to he’d enjoy the music. We could also go to his family and ask them more specific

questions for him to give us a better understanding on what he might like or remember listening to.

Martha K-‐

-‐born in 1942, loves folk music. Likes John Denver and Glen Campbell. She use to sing and play the

piano. She said she is classical music is okay to listen to. She likes musicals and she is interested in the

program.

John Denver, Glen Campbell, Patsy Cline, Janis Ian

She was always answering questions and is very responsive. She wanted to talk a lot but being in a

group, Betty talked much louder and over her many times. I think she was getting frustrated because

we’d ask for her opinion and someone would interrupt her. She talked about hymn music and how she

sang a lot in church. She was very happy we came in to talk to her and seemed interested in the

program.

Dona-‐

81,

-‐Christian Methodist, Red hats, organist

Some cognitive limitations, smokes

Close with son, sister-‐in-‐law, niece, and sister

Bible Study, current events, Music, movies, television, radio

Very quiet and did not participate much. She would answer the questions we asked but while we all

were talking she got up and left. I did not get to learn much about her only that she has 3 brothers and 1

sister. She was very bitter when we tried asking her questions, I don’t think she felt she was benefitting

from sitting with us.

Mary Ann-‐

-‐68 (1948)-‐ English, crafts, music, field trips

Limitations-‐ lifting, encourage

-‐Gospel, soft rock, Sandy Patty, 50s-‐ Elvis Not Frank, The Carpenters-‐ been to a concert!

Possibly likes… Air Supply, Barry Manilow, The Eagles, Anne Murray,

Seemed willing to join us when we asked if we could ask her a couple questions. She is willing to talk

when you talk to her. She is kind of quiet and is one of the women who isolates herself. She likes gospel

music and soft rock from the 90s. One artists she enjoys listening to is Sandy Patty. When we talked

about our music program she seemed interested.

Mary Anne did not want to move from her spot when we tried getting her to come listen to music with

us. She was hard to get moving and into the program because she was content with doing nothing. In

order to talk to Mary Anne, you have to make sure you ask her a lot of questions that she can follow up

on.

Richard C.-‐

-‐82 -‐Feb. 2 1934, Grew up in Willoughby, traveled a lot with baseball league

Johnny Cash and John Schmid, Lutheran then Mennonites, sang in choir, religious music or Country

Brought in John Schmid CDs to listen to, also CDs from his family and his deceased wife

Seemed a little hesitant at first, but warmed up to us after a while. He sang at his church in '46. He use

to be Lutheran but then converted to Mennonite. He enjoys gospel music and country music. Some

country artists he enjoys are Johnny Cash and John Schmid who is Amish.

Richard was always available to talk and came to us when he saw us walking in. He gave me a lot of

information about his childhood, he can talk for ages! He is always interested in showing you pictures

from his wallet and loves to talk about baseball. He does not sing but he said he danced.

Rose-‐

87-‐ Elvis, Beatles

She was very sweet and playful. She likes all kinds of music but, she mentioned Italian music often. She

was distracted very easily, and got bored fast. She told me she loves to dance to all sort of music. She

was a little confused when I told her about our music program. She wanted to leave while being asked

questions but this program may benefit her.

When we played the videos for Rose to watch, she really enjoyed watching them dance and sing. She

asked the same questions a lot, but remembered quite a bit for the events that happened a long time

ago. She really was engaged in the videos and talked more to us about music than the beginning where

she was not interested. Her attention span is very short, and she did not want the headphones. It is hard

to work with her in a group because she likes attention and to talk a lot to you. This time she was

thankful she watched the videos with us, she mentioned that if she didn’t talk to us today she would

have never seen a video like that of Elvis! She was very happy she spoke with us.

Betty M.-‐

-‐was born in 1929. She LOVES country music and country bands. She use to sing, play piano, the organ

and the guitar. She doesn’t listen to music radio but she watches TV (game shows). She loved to dance

to the 2 step, the jitterbug and more. She likes to go to church she likes John Denver and glen Campbell.

She also likes bluegrass.

Betty was very hard of hearing, and needed lots of attention. She liked the country music we played for

her. She really enjoyed listening to Hank Williams and she instantly lit up and started dancing to his

music. She didn’t like the headphones for a while, she also wanted the volunteers to listen with her. She

loves when you dance with her. She got bored quickly with the music after a half hour. I think she

enjoyed talking with us and visiting.

Jerry-‐

69 (1947) -‐ Used to be a teacher at Tri C and apparently Kent State (according to nurses).

-‐PH D., Jewish, Close with wife, step-‐children and spouses, grandchildren, Discussion Groups, Visitors,

Exercise, Writing, Crafts, Music, Painting, Baking, Reading, Radio

-‐Jazz contemporary, played guitar and many other instruments, drums, family listened to Israeli,

instrumentals music

He taught sociology and at first he was a little quite but after a while he started talking more and making

jokes. I thought he was a little forceful when talked but that’s probably because he was a teacher. He is

kind of hard of hearing. He use to play the guitar and he enjoys listening to jazz.

Liked listening but got bored very quickly, he was there because we’d ask him to, not because he

wanted to listen to music. He liked watching videos of guitar jazz and enjoyed watching people play. He

would be very pessimistic coming into the room and by the end he’d be giving us advice as students. He

let us know that it is more helpful if you don’t ask what they want to listen to, and just give them

something instead of having them make the decision themselves. This was helpful because that meant

we needed more work on his playlist specifically and decide what we’d play for him before we met with

him for the program.

Playlists (Artists) for Each Client

Richard C.-‐

Mennonite, religious music or country, family’s CDs and band

Johnny Cash and John Schmid, Kenny Rogers, Hank Williams, Jerry Lee Lewis

Jerry C.-‐

Jazz, guitar, instrumental music, and family listened to Israeli

Redmond Jonny, Dave Brubeck

Any Jazz, mostly contemporary and guitar Jazz

Dona-‐

Gospel music, hymnals, Christian Methodist, organist

Rose-‐

Elvis Presley, Beatles, Rock and Roll, vocals, videos to watch!

Mary Anne R.-‐

Gospel, soft rock,

50s-‐ Elvis Not Frank Sinatra

The Carpenters, Sandy Patty, Anne Murray, Eagles

Ask about-‐?? Air Supply, Barry Manilow, The Eagles, Anne Murray

Mary M.-‐

Rock and Roll

Everly Brothers, Roy Orbison, Elvis, Jerry Lee Lewis, Chuck Berry, Bob Darin

Martha K.-‐

John Denver, Glen Campbell, Dan Fogelberg, Kenny Rogers, Janis Ian, Hank Williams

Classical music, musicals, Folk music

Betty M.-‐,

Country music, country bands, played piano, organ and guitar

Hank Williams, Patsy Kline, Kenny Rogers, Classical country in 30s and 40s

Bud-‐

John Denver, Johnny Cash, Kenny Rogers, Frank Sinatra

Religious music (Ravenna Community Choir), Patriotic, vocal, Battle Hymn of the Republicans

Robert-‐

Temptations, Rhythm and Blues

Grant Application

Deadline: 1st of every month

Submit completed applications to Valerie Beutel, AmeriCorps Director, at [email protected]

Name of Project: The Sounds of Music

I. Background Information

Provide your school’s name, team members, contact information, and the HPAC representative.

II. General Project Description

Provide a brief description of the HPAC project that you are requesting funds for. This section should

include the health issue of your HPAC is addressing, the overall goal of the project, a description of how

your project will be carried out, and the expected outcomes. Limit: 200 words

School Name: kent state university Project Name: The Sounds of Music

Team Members: Paige LaMancusa and Juliana Myers

School Advisors: Cindy Widuck

Contact email address: [email protected], [email protected]

The students at Kent State University are seeking funding from AmeriCorps to help provide headphones

to 12 older adults or memory impaired clients at the Coleman Services Adult Day. Coleman Services have agreed

to help us pilot this project because many older adults resist social interactions and suffer depression and

isolation (Blackburn et al., 2014). If we are successful with this project and funding efforts we would like to

expand this program to other nursing homes in Portage County. The goal is to increase the quality of life for the

older adults at the Coleman Services Adult Day by the use of personalized music. The Sounds of Music project

will include two surveys for 12 clients at the Adult Day about their interests. This will help personalize their

music. The program can enhance social interaction, reduce stress and mood swings (Blackburn et al., 2014). We

will go every Wednesday for two months and give clients music with the help of headphones for each client and

a computer provided at the facility. We want this process to improve their quality of life by providing personal

music favorites. Similar work has been done (“Effect of music therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with

Alzheimer’s type dementia”) showing providing personalized music can provide these benefits which extend

beyond the time the client is enjoying the music. ”The treated group (n = 15) participated in weekly sessions of

individual, receptive music therapy. The musical style of the session was chosen by the patient” (Guétin et al.,

2009). There were observable improvements in depression and in anxiety in the music therapy group.

III. Area of Need

The Area of Need section should include an explanation of the problem that lead to the Community

Action Plan. It should provide evidence that your proposed project will be filling that need. Limit: 200

words (For example: There is a lack of bullying programs at our high school)

IV. Community Partners and Assets

In the state of Ohio, it is said that in 2020, 190,576 total residents will be in nursing homes and 47% are

to have moderate to severe cognitive impairment. Reducing depression and isolation of older adults in nursing

homes or day cares is very important for our future health care. Some diseases that come along with cognitive

impairment is dementia. “Some studies found that music listening with personal preferences generally has a

soothing effect on older people with dementia. Seven of the eight studies reported preferred music to be

effective in decreasing occurrence of some types of agitated behaviours in older people with dementia” (Sung et

al., 2010). AMTA (2006) gave many benefits of music therapy such as positive changes in mood, reduction in

depression and reduced violent behaviors, lessening stress for both the patient and the caregiver, and

opportunities for interaction between loved ones (Blackburn et al., 2014). Music therapy with older adults has

been effective throughout the world (Clements-‐Cortés, 2014). While we are providing them with music at the

facility, we are also making sure that the music the clients listen to is all preferred and individualized.

“Individualized music resulted in a significant reduction in the frequency of agitated behaviors compared to

classical music (relative to baseline)” This study was done in International Psychogeriatric in 2000 by Linda A.

Gerdner. The Coleman Adult Day Services provides an affordable rate so families can be assisted with their loved

ones instead of placing them in nursing homes. These music group activities will let the adults here interact and

increase self-‐esteem or their mood.

Who is/are your community partner(s) and how will you engage them? Any community assessments

describing the strengths, weaknesses, and assets should also be included. Limit: 200 words (For example:

survey or poll of students about changes made by the program about the area of need.)

V. Timeline

Complete the table indicating project tasks and by what date they will be completed.

Date Project Task Completed

3/2 and 3/16 2 weeks of evaluation of interests and music preference for clients

3/30-‐ 4/20 Once a week for 4 weeks, meet with each client’s a total of 2 times and nurses

will use music twice a week

4/20 and 5/4 Surveys from nurses, and feedback from families

VI. Evaluation

Determine a method of evaluating your project or results. How will you determine success or failure of

the project? Will you be conducting a survey or poll?

We will be working the Activities Director and staff, at the Coleman Adult Day Center. At Coleman, they have an

extensive activities program. There is a lot of activities for the clients that attend. Unfortunately, they don’t have

a music therapy program, so we would be introducing this program to them. They have attempted to have a

music program, but it was unsuccessful because of the lack of resources and expertise. It was not personalized to

individual clients. Research has shown that, music and memory programs at facilities results in, positive mood

change and participants become more social, the environment becomes more relaxed and social, patients tend

to connect more with family and staff, and personalized music programs are another tool in trying to reduce the

reliance of medication (Music & Memory2016). This program will bring great improvements to the Coleman

Adult Day Center.

VII. Budget

Complete the attached budget spreadsheet. Maximum grant given is $300 but grants in the

$150 range will be given higher consideration. You MUST return all receipts at the end of

your project.

HPAC does not support human subjects research

Before we begin our project, we will be asking the patients questions about their interests, favorite music genres,

and observing how they act before listening to music. We will also, ask the patients families about their past and

interests. During the time we have with them we will be observing how their mood changes and how their social

behaviors change. The nurses will be helping us keep up with the observations when we are unable to be at the

center. By the end of the program with the clients, we hope to give the nurses a survey on how we can improve

this program and keep it going. We will also supply training to the nurses so they can teach volunteers and

interns. We also encourage families to give us feedback about our program. The success of our project will be

determined by the client’s reactions to the music program.

Implementation

1. Adopting

At the Coleman Center, we will be passing out short infographics and flyers for the clients and

their families to look at so that our data can increase for the individual playlists. This will help us

market the program and gain support with the families as well as the clients we are working

with at the center. We have also set up a GoFundMe fundraiser and have caught attention to

donors that would like to help us with the funds for the clients in Ravenna.

2. Identifying and Prioritizing Tasks

Our goal at the Coleman Center is to produce a program that can be incorporated at Coleman

Services that will reduce mood swings, depression, and isolation in the Adult Day Care program

by using music. We would do this by teaching the staff about program, and by improving self-‐

efficacy of staff. We would also like to teach the clients about this program, and how to easily

access it as the center. This would as well improve mood of patients and improve environment

for patients.

3. Establishing a system of Management

Our system consists of meeting with the consistent 12 clients and updating their playlists after

observing the clients with the music. As we have made observations, we play the music with

the clients and we will also teach the staff at Coleman how to use the playlists (Spotify). In

order for the clients to listen to the music, we have a budget to order headphones for the

clients. We also have a few resources from GoFundMe and our teacher Cindy Widuck. This will

help us provide the music/ or CDs and also give the clients their individual headphones.

4. Phasing in, Pilot testing-‐ Run program ( dates, times, places, contacts)

As each week passes after March 28th, we will update the music each Wednesday till the first

of May. The clients will let us know if they like the music, or not by our observations and by

asking yes or no questions. We will try and give them more music to listen to as our own

suggestions as well to help them remember artists or genres that they might not recall on the

top of their head. We will also be receiving feedback from their families to help us update their

playlists as well.

5. Ending or Sustaining

After evaluation, we would like to be able to keep this program available for the clients at the

Coleman Center. With our fundraising money, we have money for new headphones, and some

music for the few months that we will be available to volunteer. We would like to keep in

contact with the Activities Direction, Madeline, and keep coming to help them update their

music. If this is a common interest to the families, we would like the program to become a

dedication to the Coleman Center and in the future have them buy their own Spotify account

and update weekly for all clients that would like to join.

Once decided

• Draft budgets

• Staff members/ positions

• Program materials / brochures/ presentations

Process Evaluation Engage Stakeholders Who should be involved?

Coleman Services, Coleman Adult Day Center, Activities Director and rest of staff.

How might they be engaged?

They are engaged by helping us gather our clients into a room so that they will listen to the music and talk with

us. This can be a challenge because lots of individuals would not like to move around and would like to just sit

in the corner by themselves. The staff will also get other music materials from families of the clients and give

us evaluations of the music therapy.

Focus the Evaluation

What are you going to evaluate? Describe program (logic model).

We are evaluating how listening to music improves the mood of older adults. We set up individualized playlists

for each client, according to what they told us about their preferred music choices.

What is the purpose of the evaluation?

The purpose of this evaluation is to see if clients listening to their individualized playlist helped increased their

moods positively.

Who will use the evaluation? How will they use it?

Who/users How will they use the information?

Coleman Adult Day Center

They will use this information to update clients

playlists, and engaged new clients into the music

program.

Client’s Families

Client’s families will use this information, if they

would like to do this program from home with their

loved one.

What questions will the evaluation seek to answer?

The questions that the evaluation seek to answer is how the program can be more useful, what is needed that

helps the delivery of the music run smoothly, and how the center can get more clients to participate.

What information do you need to answer the questions?

What I wish to know Indicators – How will I know it?

What kind of music does the client enjoy? Interviewing clients

Is the client enjoying the individualized playlist? Asking them questions, and observing them while they

listen to their music.

How is the client feeling after listening to their music? Observations

When is the evaluation needed?

The evaluation is needed throughout the program, and especially when the pilot study ends for future use.

What evaluation design will you use? Outcome evaluation

Collect the information What sources of information will you use?

Existing information:

The information that we have used comes from the research of the program

Music and Memory. This site also has existing data that was used in their

research for the similar health issue.

People: Clients at the Coleman Center, Activities Director, Nurses and Staff,

Families of clients

Pictorial records and observations: Notes taken from the observer

What data collection method(s) will you use?

X Survey Document review

X Interview Testimonials

X Observation Expert panel

Group techniques Simulated problems or situations

Case study Journal, log, diary

Tests Unobtrusive measures

X Photos, videos Other (list)

Instrumentation: What is needed to record the information?

There will be two volunteers that are giving the clients the music and taking observational notes. There is also

flyers and survey assessments for the families and nurses at the

When will you collect data for each method you’ve chosen?

Method

Before

program

During

program

Immediately

after Later

Survey X

Interview/Observation X X X

Photos X X

Pilot testing: when, where, how?

Our pilot test would be at the Coleman Center with 12 clients. We have evaluation each client carefully and

have used our evaluations to do as needed with their playlists. The clients that are willing to participate were

chosen to be observed for future assessments and plan implementation for a similar program.

Analyze and Interpret How will the data be analyzed?

Data analysis methods:

Who responsible: Internal evaluation, planners

How will the information be interpreted—by whom?

The information can be interpreted by the planners of the intervention so that they can help understand why the

intervention is working, and how it did not work to improve the initial program

What did you learn? What are the limitations?

One of our limitations was getting a good music source to use for the clients playlists. We ran into a problem

where the music program we wanted to originally use, did not let us listen on two different devices at the same

time. We learned that using YouTube was a great option because the clients were engaged in the music and the

video that was playing on the screen.

We also had a limitation in time. This program was a lot of time consuming work that we did not have

committed. We know that this would take a long time to actually have affects that we planned for, and it is a lot

of work to get the program working and implemented in a center such as the Coleman Services.

Use the Information

How will the evaluation be communicated and shared?

To whom When/where/how to present

Shared with classmates

Poster presentations

Coleman Services admin

Next steps?

Try to get others involved with volunteering at the Coleman Center and see if the program can be implemented

throughout the summer time. Hopefully spend more time there and get others to participate and share their

passion helping others with music. This will help the program move into further steps and be evaluated

carefully for other mistakes/problems that came up during the process.

The Sounds of Music Evaluation

1. Did any clients show interest?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Did you see any differences in the client’s behavior?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

3. Are you interested in keeping program, and willingness to grow/develop?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

4. Was the meeting a valuable use of their time? Effective? Did they remember the program or talk

about this program?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

5. Suggestions on what to do in the future?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

The Sounds of Music Evaluation ANSWERED

1. Did any clients show interest?

Once our clients tried listening program they enjoyed it just needed encouraged._______

______________________________________________________________________________

2. Did you see any differences in the client’s behavior?

Certainly had a calming effect for our participants. ____________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

3. Are you interested in keeping program, and willingness to grow/develop?

We would like to see the Music Therapy program continue if other students could carry it out

maybe weekly. __________________________________________________________________

4. Was the meeting a valuable use of their time? Effective? Did they remember the program or talk

about this program?

They knew when students would be here and looked forward to meeting with them.__________

______________________________________________________________________________

5. Suggestions on what to do in the future?

Small groups instead of individual one on ones.

______________________________________________________________________________

Juliana Myers and Paige LaMancusa

Public Health- Health Education and Promotion

College of Public Health

Kent State University

The effect of a personalized playlist for older adults with cognitive disabilities

Reducing depression, irritability, and social isolation in older adults is very important for

our future health care. Life expectancy has increased dramatically over the past decade, as well

as the number of people affected by Alzheimer's disease. Music therapy has been proven to be

effective for the older adult population. Based on the Music and Memory program, this pilot

study is to assess the influence of a personalized music playlist on observable behaviors and

moods of older adults with a cognitive disability. The Music and Memory Program is spreading

across the nation and nursing homes are becoming Certified Care Facilities and bringing

personalized playlists to their residents. There are many benefits of music therapy such as

positive mood changes, reduction in depression, and interaction with loved ones.

Our program is delivered to the clients at the Coleman Center. We evaluate interests

and develop and deliver playlists for the clients. We are experimenting with various methods of

music delivery. We hope that this program will give them another activity the clients can

participate, and families can do this at home as well. Families can bring in CDs that their loved

ones use or are currently listening to. The nurses and volunteers will be trained how to setup the

clients playlists. The clients are responding well to the music and program. We hope to refine

the program and delivery it to residents in local nursing homes.

Summative Evaluation Engage Stakeholders Who should be involved?

Coleman Service, Coleman Adult Day Services, Activities Director and rest of staff.

How might they be engaged?

The staff helped choose which clients would benefit from our program. The families weren’t as involved in the

program as we wanted them to be. We were going to send flyers home, but we did not have enough time to

make them. One client did bring CDs from home, and we listened to them with the client.

Focus the Evaluation

What are you going to evaluate? Describe program (logic model).

We set up individual playlist for each client based off what music they said they enjoyed listening to. We also

based the music off their age. Throughout the time we were there we observed their behavior from when we

first started working them until our time at the center was over. We evaluated the success of the music towards

their mood. This evaluation of the program will be given to staff and activities director to provide feedback on

future program.

What is the purpose of the evaluation?

Throughout our time at Coleman, we observed that their individualized playlists increased their moods in a

positive way.

Who will use the evaluation? How will they use it?

Who/users How will they use the information?

Coleman Adult Day Center

They will use this information for the volunteers and

staff to help them create the music playlist. They will

also use the information to engage new clients.

Families

Families can use this program to get information on

how they can do a music therapy program at home or

enroll their loved one at the center.

What questions will the evaluation seek to answer?

The evaluation will be able to provide caretakers with information observed that the client enjoyed and make it

easier to get started on a program with the client and/or new clients.

What information do you need to answer the questions?

What I wish to know Indicators – How will I know it?

What kind of music does the client enjoy?

At the beginning of our time at Coleman, we

interviewed the clients and asked about their favorite

types of music. We also asked what year they were

born so we could get a better understand of what time

era we need to research.

Is the client enjoying the individualized playlist?

While the clients were listening to the music, we would

ask them if they were enjoying the song that was

currently playing. When they were done listening we

asked if they enjoyed the music they heard.

How is the client feeling after listening to music?

We observed the client’s behavior throughout our time

at Coleman. We observed how they acted when we

were interviewing them, before they listened to music,

and after they listened to music

When is the evaluation needed?

Evaluation is needed before the program starts to get to know the clients and their music interests. This will

help the process of the evaluation as we observe their mood behaviors and the effectiveness of the program.

What evaluation design will you use?

Short assessments on their hobbies, interests, age, and music preference for clients, also evaluation for the staff

at the program

Collect the information What sources of information will you use?

Existing information: Surveys from the clients at the Adult Day Service

People: Nurses and Activities Director, hopefully going to use families in the future

for more information about the clients

Pictorial records and observations:

What data collection method(s) will you use?

X Survey X Document review

X Interview Testimonials

X Observation Expert panel

X Group techniques Simulated problems or situations

Case study X Journal, log, diary

Tests Unobtrusive measures

X Photos, videos Other (list)

Instrumentation: What is needed to record the information?

Throughout our time at the center, we kept track of the music the clients enjoyed listening to on our laptops.

We also documented all the survey questions we asked, and information we learned about the clients. We then

observed how the clients acted during the music and asked the nurses to observe their behavior towards the

program during the week when we were not physically there.

When will you collect data for each method you’ve chosen?

Method

Before

program

During

program

Immediately

after Later

Interview X

Playlist Log X

Survey X

Pilot testing: when, where, how?

There was not enough time, so pilot testing was difficult because we did not have time to complete an evaluation and observer for

a longer period of time. In the future we want to be able to pilot test and distribute our starter boxes to other centers. We have

learned a lot in the past three weeks that the program needs more people and more time to evaluate clients.

Analyze and Interpret How will the data be analyzed?

Data analysis methods:

Who responsible: The planners of the program, and internal evaluation from nurses

How will the information be interpreted—by whom?

Information will be interpreted by the nurses and staff. Also the planners of the program will be able to

interpret behavioral changes during the action of playing music. Playing the music usually made the clients sing

and dance, this was shown to be a positive change of their mood. The information of the song will be

documented and used for future playlists so that this will be effective in the program.

The evaluations of the playlists and observations of the clients will be sent to the nurses and the staff so that

they can also use this for their time at the Adult Day Service. They will be able to implement this program and

also document changes for the clients listed.

What did you learn? What are the limitations? We have learned that working with more than 6 clients can be difficult for only two people that aren’t

experienced in this population. The program could be more effective with someone leading a group of 4/5

people that knows the clients well so that they can put together a group of clients that work together.

We have also learned that this program needs more time. It will be much more effective if we had more than an

hour to work with the clients each week for a longer period than one month. The assessment process took

longer for us to get to know the clients and would have helped us when we were observing them in small

groups with music. We started out with a group of 12-15 clients and only ended up working with 5. We did

accomplish touching base with 10 clients to get them more familiar with the program itself and what we can

provide for them at the Adult Day. We evaluated success by behavior. For example, Client 1 was very timid

and not interested in our work when we first come to adult day. We asked them many questions and they were

bored with the assessments. We wanted to be able to have a laid back feel for our program so that they were not

pressured to say or do anything they did not want to participate in. Eventually by the first day that we met with

them, they were more open and interested in what we had to offer to them and also wanted to learn more about

us as individuals. The music was provided and instantly their mood brightened. They talked more to us about

the music that was given and had more opinions and statements to make other than the limited responses such

as yes or no.

Use the Information

How will the evaluation be communicated and shared?

To whom When/where/how to present

Future undergrad/grad students working on program Monthly updates and also lessons and guidance on the

program/how to get started

Activities director and staff Observations of clients, Information that was found

about the clients that are at the Center

More facilities to share our work/program

Starter Box for future facilities to use with their clients,

and staff including

-Headphones

-Possible Assessments for new Clients

-Playlists for current Clients

-Evaluation Sheets

-Instructional Sheet for Staff

Next steps?

-Starter Box for Coleman Adult Day Services

-Sustainability with Grad and Undergrad students working on project in the Summer/Fall

-Community Based Project Class in the Fall, 1 hour credit- working on this monthly, giving input and updates

for the students implementing

-Possible Ipod/Tablet drive for students in Interventions 2, Starter Boxes for future facilities

-Possibly volunteering monthly to see clients and helping with program, Create logo for program

The Sounds Of Music!

Instruction Sheet

The Sounds Of Music program’s mission is to serve older adults and increase their quality of life with the help of music. Throughout this program you will meet different individuals, with certain needs, interests, and personalities. Music can help individuals remember memories from their pasts, and make them use their brain. This program is positive, and beneficial experience for not only for the clients, but you as well. Have fun with it, and make sure the client feels connected again.

Once you have met with the individual who is in charge of the facility, discuss with them how this will benefit the facility and its clients. Then discuss which clients could benefit from the program. Ask the facilitator to reach out to families about the program so that more clients can be involved. Make a list of clients so that each person is included.

After you have talked to the facilitator, start to create a Spotify account so you can keep individual playlist documented and you can search music. Make sure to use the “Related Artists” tab, to give the clients options when listening to the music. Note: If you ask them who they like, they will have a hard time giving you specifics. If you play similar music, they may be familiar with it and let you know.

When you have your list of clients, it is best you get some background information on them if available. This means, if the facility keeps documents of their interests, hobbies, past employment, birthday, religion and who are they close to in their families, be sure to review this information if possible. Having this

background information will help you get an idea of what kind of music questions to ask them, along with helping build a relationship with them. After you have your background information, you are ready to start interviewing clients. Note: Depending on the amount of people helping with the interviewing it’s best to only work with two/three at a time. Ask the client questions, about music. Examples: Do you like music? Did you play an instrument? What kind of music do you like? Did you used to sing or dance? (If yes) What kind of music would you sing or dance to? Note: Some clients may not be responsive which is alright, just try your best and be patient. Take note of their responses so that you have the information. There is an assessment with sample questions available in the folder you have received. It is important to write down their name next to their comments so that it is easy to remember who likes what kind of music.

Take the time to look over your notes of all the clients that you talked to. Note: It’s okay to have a generalized playlist if you don’t have detailed answers from clients. After you looked at your notes, start putting together a playlist on Spotify. You can use Spotify if you are working with a client, but it would be more beneficial to use YouTube, so the client has something to watch along with listen. Spotify is helpful to get a list of artists started so that you can look them up on Youtube and find fun, entertaining videos.

After you have created the generalized playlists for the clients, start playing the music. Each client you are working with gets a pair of headphones. Note: If clients are hesitant to come with you, just make it sound exciting and encouraging (because it is exciting and fun!), some clients will not want to participate anymore, even if you ask them multiple times, which is okay. Just work with another client. While they are listening to the music, observer their behavior and take notes of it. Also, ask the clients if they are enjoying the music you chose for them. Then ask if they remember any other artist or songs they enjoy. If they don’t it’s okay, just observe and take note of what type of music they have been listening to and enjoying. Note: Some clients will get bored with listening after a while, so do this in a timely matter. When the clients are done listening to their music, go back and update their playlists. It’s important this time to really put the music they enjoyed and find music similar to it. Also, start to create a schedule to help you, the clients, and the

facilitator know who you are going to be working with each day. Organization is key! Continue updating the playlists for the clients. Make sure you are keeping this experience for them fun and exciting! Note: the code of ethics is important so look them up. Observe their behavior and help the clients in anyway you can!

“Music evokes emotion and emotion can bring it’s memory” -Oliver Sacks

Future Objectives

Options:

• Starter Box for Coleman Adult Day Services

• Sustainability with Grad and Undergrad students working on project in the Summer/Fall

• Community Based Project Class in the Fall

• 1 hour credit-‐ working on this monthly, giving input and updates for the students Implementing

• Possible IPod/Tablet drive for students in Interventions 2

• Starter Boxes for future facilities

• Possibly volunteering monthly to see clients and helping with program

• Create logo for program

Starter Box for Coleman Adult Day Services

• Headphones

• Folder including:

Example Assessments for new clients,

Instructional Sheet,

Client information,

Client Playlists,

login for Spotify

• Evaluation Sheet to improve program for future use

• Username: Coleman_Adult_Day_Services

portfolio- use

Documents