population density – majority of people live on the coast (except mexico city& brasilia)
TRANSCRIPT
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Population density –
majority of people
live on the coast
(except Mexico City&
Brasilia)
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Developing nations• Industrialization and
development are slowed for these reasons:– Physical geography – Andes
Mts. And Amazon rainforest limit access to natural resources
– Political instability – investors wary of investing in countries where the gov. changes often.
– Limited ties to developed nations other than colonial power. Foreign companies based in colonial nations drain the local profits.
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Cash Crops• ¾ of Latin Americans live
in cities, but most depend on agriculture to support their income. Cash crops are sold to countries outside the region – main crops – coffee, bananas, and sugar cane.
• When a country relies on only one crop and that crop fails the economy is destroyed.
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Uneven distribution of wealth• Huge gap between rich
and poor• Small wealthy class rule
over very large lower class. Majority of lower class are rural farmers and workers (campesinos)
• In some countries up to 85% of land is owned by only 1% of the people.
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Farming• Large estates (latifundias) are owned by
the wealthy upper class.
• Minifundias – small farms used for subsistence farms, but usually not owned by the farmer (too poor to own land)
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Rapid Urbanization• Population exceeds resources – lack of
housing, sanitation, jobs, education, roads, etc.
• In 2009- the population doubling rate for Latin America was 47 years. By 2056 there will be 1 billion 132 million people in the same area.
Nearly 200,000 people live in Rio de Janeiro’s Rocinha, the largest slum in Latin America.
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Primate City
• Very large city that dominates the country.
• Governments favor the large city where most of the citizens are located.
• Youth leave the countryside to come to the primate city.
Montivideo, UruguayOnly city w/ over 1mil
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Shantytown• Shantytown – squatter settlement (slum)
• illegal or unauthorized housing area on the outskirts of large cities.
• No proper sanitation, electricity, or telephone – very poor areas. 20% of Latin American population live in shantytowns.
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10.6 million – largest in Latin America – favela population – 612,000
Notice the difference between the rich and poor on the other side of the wall
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8.84 million – 2nd largest in Latin America - correa de la miseria is the name for the
slums (belt of misery)
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Lima
7.6 million – 3rd largest in Latin America –
barriadas – earthquake zone
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Bogotá
7.25 million – 4th largest in Latin America – barios
bajas (low neighborhoods)
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5.9 million – 5th largest in Latin
America – favelas are well
known – Rocinha is right on the coast – tourist spot and
land the government
wants.
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Santiago
5.0 million – 6th largest in Latin America - poblaciones (the
population)
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3.0 million – 7th largest city in
Latin America – Villa miseria has
over 120,000 people.
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Maquiladoras• Mostly Japanese and US
companies build factories along the Mexican – US border.
• Employ Mexican laborers (cheaper than Japanese and American laborers)
• Pay Mexican workers more than other Mexican jobs
• Product is finished in US / Japan (add label or something small)
• Produce duty free (no import tax) goods that have “made in America” / “made in Japan” labels
• Gives Mexicans employment and investment and employment opportunities.
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communications• Physical barriers to telephone lines
and cables – Amazon rainforest, Andes Mts., and barren plateaus
• Heavily censored in some nations – can only print what the government allows
• Equipment is expensive• Cell phone use on the rise because it
cuts out the physical barriers.• Very few can afford personal
computers – most are in the large cities (internet café)
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religion• The majority of people in Latin America claim to be
Roman Catholic. Roman Catholicism was brought by the Spanish and Portuguese colonists.
• Protestantism was brought by the British and Dutch settlers. Appeals to many because the laypeople (average person) has more involvement in the church.
• Syncretism – blend of beliefs and practices. In Latin America many people follow religions that are a mix of West African spiritualism and Roman Catholicism. In Brazil it is called Condomble in Cuba it is Santeria, and in Haiti and the Dominican Republic it is Voodoo.
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Common Art• Murals – large wall
paintings (Diego Rivera created murals of Mexican Revolution)
• Mosaics – art created by using small pieces of tile or colored rock
• Weaving – geometric shapes in vivid colors
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Music
• Combines Native, African, and European sounds
• Samba – Brazil
• Salsa – Cuba
• Mariachi - Mexico
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Dance• The Ballet Folklorico is a famous dance
troupe that performs traditional dances from Mexico.
• Samba, Argentinean Tango, Rumba, and Salsa dancing are all native to Latin America.
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Extended Family• Strong sense of loyalty to family.• Extended family may live in one home –
parents, siblings, grand parents, aunts, uncles, and cousins.
• Most at least share with grandparents• Compadres – godparents are chosen to
sponsor children. They are to guide in religious and moral issues and care for child if something happens to parents.
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Machismo
• Male dominated society
• Spanish and Portuguese tradition that men were superior to women.
• Women beginning to work outside of home, but it is still uncommon outside the large cities.
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Education• Elementary school is required in almost all
countries. • After 6th grade many students required to
work • In rural areas schools are often far away
and not well equipped. • Lack money for supplies
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Sports• Fύtbol (soccer) is the #1 sport in Latin
America.
• Baseball and basketball are also played professionally
• Jai alai is a popular sport in Mexico and Cuba.
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Carnival
• Celebration the week prior to Lent (40 days of fasting and rededication prior to Easter)
• World’s largest carnival is in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
• In Haiti a similar celebration exists (Mardi Gras)