pony magazine australia may june 2015
DESCRIPTION
Pony Magazine Australia is celebrating 12 months of issues with this bumper birthday issue! With great articles, giveaways and news!TRANSCRIPT
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Pony Profiles
Stallion Profiles
Pony Magazine Australia~Volume 2~Issue 3
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Pony Magazine AustraliaMayJune 2015EditorBrooke Purcellbpurcellequinehotmailcom
Advertisingaustralianponymagazinegmailcom
Webhttpwwwponymagazineaustraliacom
Postal Address61 River Road Beaudesert Queensland 4285
Layout and DesignBrooke Purcell
ABN 87 845 173 370
Copyright and DisclaimerAll rights reservedAll material appearing in Pony Magazine Australia is subject to copyright laws and remains the property of Pony Magazine Australia or the individual contributors No mate-rial may be reproduced or reprinted in any man-ner way or form without prior approval from the publishers The opinions expressed within are not necessarily those of Pony Magazine Australia and while all effort is made to ensure that facts are correct and up to date to the extent permit-ted by law Pony Magazine Australia accepts no liability whatsoever in relation to any advice representation statement opinion or other mat-ter expressed in the magazine Pony Magazine Australia does not accept responsibility for any errors in advertisements articles unsolicited manuscripts photographs or illustrations We recommend seeking veterinary advice or the appropriate health specialist prior to giving your pony any treatment or change in diet
COVER PHOTOOur MayJune cover photo is the lovely Maytime Park Mr
Percival owned by Judy Aspinall of Maytime Park
Photo Ingrid Delaitre
Pony Magazine Australia~Volume 2~Issue 3
SPECIAL BIRTHDAY ISSUE
MAYJUNE 2015CONTENTS
Editorial
BUSINESS PROFILEItch Magick
NEWS Australian Pony Diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy
COMPETITIONS
FEATURE Genetic Disorders in Horses and Ponies
FEATURE PONY Richdale Patriot
AUTHOR PROFILE Christine Meunier
BOOK REVIEW New Beginnings-Free Rein Series 1
NUTRITION The Dangers of Frost-Affected Grass
PREVIEW Pony World
Photo Lorelle Mercer
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
FREE Stud Directory
June 2015 marks one year of publishing Pony Magazine Australia I would like to thank all of our loyal readers advertisers and contributors who over the 12months have helped make this publication happen Without readers there is no magazine so please keep spreading the word so that this magazine can continue to grow So far our readers have come not only from Australia but also from around the world
The aim of the magazine was to produce a publication that could cater to the pony industry as a whole covering all breeds and all disciplines It has been a learning curve to say the least being a first time self-publisher but I hope the magazine will continue to grow and evolve as time goes on The pony industry in Australia is quite a large one with the increasing popularity of pony dressage as well as many ponies excelling in pony club competitions sporting show jumping harness and in hand as well as those all-important beginner ponies showing children (and adults) the ropes Though the market for horses in general is not particularly good at the moment there will always be a demand for good reliable ponies
Just a reminder that I am always on the lookout for stories to run in the magazine Whether you run a stud have a pony out competing successfully or just a special pony you think deserves a tribute I would love to hear from you Sourcing and writing articles for each issue is an extremely time-consuming task and anybody who would like more information is most welcome to contact me Next issue will feature our Stud Extravaganza and there are still a number of spots left for stud features I also invite you all to try out our advertising our prices are extremely competitive and reasonable
We have some great articles coming up in this issue as well as number of prizes up for grabs Enjoy
Brooke PurcellOwnerEditor
Anybody who has dealt with Queensland Itch or any type of skin allergy knows how frustrating and difficult to treat such conditions can be Two years ago Itch Magick was developed in South East Queensland by Ben and Tamara Harmony and it has been helping horse and dog owners overcome this awful condition ever since Benrsquos horse Willow suffered from some form of Queensland Itch and Tamara who had been working with Aromatherapy for many years suggested using some Essential Oils Ben being the horsey side of the partnership added a few ingredients to the mix and the pair tried the concoction on their itchy horse ldquoUnderstanding the affliction helped us decide the ingredients ldquo says Tamara ldquoThe primary cause of the itch is an allergic reaction to the bites and excrement of midges It is a chain reaction that can be seasonal environmental and habitual The changes and improvements we had with Willow simply amazed us and encouraged us to start testing our new creation on other suffering equinesrdquo Samples were given away at local markets and over Facebook ldquoThe results were overwhelm-ingly positive and so Itch Magick was bornrdquo says Tamara ldquoWe never intended to turn this into a business we just wanted to help our itchy horse but look at us now Itch Magick has totally taken over our lives it is very excitingrdquo Tamara and Ben receive feedback on how they have helped itchy animals both equine and canine on almost a daily basis ldquoWe are so excited that we have been
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ITCH MAGICK
Above Benrsquos horse Willow the horse behind the invention of Itch Magick
Below Ben and Tamara
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
ITCH MAGICK able to help so many itchy ani-mals That is really what this is all about for usrdquo The Itch Magick range con-tains a number of products as Tamara explains ldquoWe make a range of all natural products that use the power of Essential Oils and Iodine They are all designed to help itchy horses and hounds Itch Magickrsquos Oil is designed to penetrate right through the base hair layers and dead skin it is particularly good for the mane and tail on a horse Itch Magickrsquos Lotion was created for more sensitive or hard to reach areas like the face and ears It is more easy to control and wonrsquot run into the eyes or leave the animal greasy Itch Magickrsquos Cream is simply a stronger thicker version great for hot spots or really focused application And the Itch Magick Shampoo is excellent to use in conjunction with any of the other productsrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ldquoOur basic business philosophy is to make Itch Magick as easily available to as many itchy animals as possible whilst still having time to enjoy our own animals and liferdquo says Tamara adding ldquoWe also support various animal charities as $1 from every bottle sold is donated to a different animal rescue group each month I love being able to give back to the communityrdquo From humble beginnings Itch Magick has completely taken off It is the talk of the horse industry and is now available all over Australia via mail order or through a number of produce stores and saddler-ies including Horseland Ta-mara and Ben plan to continue to expand their business and keep helping itchy equines and canines and would eventually like to see Itch Magick also available overseas ldquoI donrsquot know that any prod-uct will lsquocurersquo Queensland Itch completely because of what causes itrdquo Tamara explains ldquo But Itch Magick is certainly proving to be a great way to help manage itch easily and provide ongoing relief to your four legged friendrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Australian Pony diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a recessive autosomal disorder originally thought to be relatively isolated to the Arabian breed Recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed with the disorder proving this not to be the case at all
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum) Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is an autosomal recessive disorder (see Feature) which means that both parents must carry a copy of the CA gene to produce a CA foal An affected foal occurs when they receive two disorder genes one from each parent Carriers which are horses that only carry one copy of the CA gene are not physically affected The disorder has been known in Arabian horses for some time and a test has been developed to determine whether horses are clear affected or carriers This is important for a number of reasons Firstly it avoids misdiagnosis CA may be misdiagnosed as head or neck trauma due to its neurological symptoms and there is a great chance that the disease has occurred in numerous instances where it was passed off as something else Secondly it is possible to determine horses which are carriers Because mating a carrier to a carrier presents a 25 chance of producing a diseased foal and a 50 chance of producing a carrier of the disease it is best to avoid mating carriers together and running the risk of an affected foal Mating a carrier to a clear horse will produce either a carrier or a
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Pony Profiles
Stallion Profiles
Pony Magazine Australia~Volume 2~Issue 3
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Pony Magazine AustraliaMayJune 2015EditorBrooke Purcellbpurcellequinehotmailcom
Advertisingaustralianponymagazinegmailcom
Webhttpwwwponymagazineaustraliacom
Postal Address61 River Road Beaudesert Queensland 4285
Layout and DesignBrooke Purcell
ABN 87 845 173 370
Copyright and DisclaimerAll rights reservedAll material appearing in Pony Magazine Australia is subject to copyright laws and remains the property of Pony Magazine Australia or the individual contributors No mate-rial may be reproduced or reprinted in any man-ner way or form without prior approval from the publishers The opinions expressed within are not necessarily those of Pony Magazine Australia and while all effort is made to ensure that facts are correct and up to date to the extent permit-ted by law Pony Magazine Australia accepts no liability whatsoever in relation to any advice representation statement opinion or other mat-ter expressed in the magazine Pony Magazine Australia does not accept responsibility for any errors in advertisements articles unsolicited manuscripts photographs or illustrations We recommend seeking veterinary advice or the appropriate health specialist prior to giving your pony any treatment or change in diet
COVER PHOTOOur MayJune cover photo is the lovely Maytime Park Mr
Percival owned by Judy Aspinall of Maytime Park
Photo Ingrid Delaitre
Pony Magazine Australia~Volume 2~Issue 3
SPECIAL BIRTHDAY ISSUE
MAYJUNE 2015CONTENTS
Editorial
BUSINESS PROFILEItch Magick
NEWS Australian Pony Diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy
COMPETITIONS
FEATURE Genetic Disorders in Horses and Ponies
FEATURE PONY Richdale Patriot
AUTHOR PROFILE Christine Meunier
BOOK REVIEW New Beginnings-Free Rein Series 1
NUTRITION The Dangers of Frost-Affected Grass
PREVIEW Pony World
Photo Lorelle Mercer
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
FREE Stud Directory
June 2015 marks one year of publishing Pony Magazine Australia I would like to thank all of our loyal readers advertisers and contributors who over the 12months have helped make this publication happen Without readers there is no magazine so please keep spreading the word so that this magazine can continue to grow So far our readers have come not only from Australia but also from around the world
The aim of the magazine was to produce a publication that could cater to the pony industry as a whole covering all breeds and all disciplines It has been a learning curve to say the least being a first time self-publisher but I hope the magazine will continue to grow and evolve as time goes on The pony industry in Australia is quite a large one with the increasing popularity of pony dressage as well as many ponies excelling in pony club competitions sporting show jumping harness and in hand as well as those all-important beginner ponies showing children (and adults) the ropes Though the market for horses in general is not particularly good at the moment there will always be a demand for good reliable ponies
Just a reminder that I am always on the lookout for stories to run in the magazine Whether you run a stud have a pony out competing successfully or just a special pony you think deserves a tribute I would love to hear from you Sourcing and writing articles for each issue is an extremely time-consuming task and anybody who would like more information is most welcome to contact me Next issue will feature our Stud Extravaganza and there are still a number of spots left for stud features I also invite you all to try out our advertising our prices are extremely competitive and reasonable
We have some great articles coming up in this issue as well as number of prizes up for grabs Enjoy
Brooke PurcellOwnerEditor
Anybody who has dealt with Queensland Itch or any type of skin allergy knows how frustrating and difficult to treat such conditions can be Two years ago Itch Magick was developed in South East Queensland by Ben and Tamara Harmony and it has been helping horse and dog owners overcome this awful condition ever since Benrsquos horse Willow suffered from some form of Queensland Itch and Tamara who had been working with Aromatherapy for many years suggested using some Essential Oils Ben being the horsey side of the partnership added a few ingredients to the mix and the pair tried the concoction on their itchy horse ldquoUnderstanding the affliction helped us decide the ingredients ldquo says Tamara ldquoThe primary cause of the itch is an allergic reaction to the bites and excrement of midges It is a chain reaction that can be seasonal environmental and habitual The changes and improvements we had with Willow simply amazed us and encouraged us to start testing our new creation on other suffering equinesrdquo Samples were given away at local markets and over Facebook ldquoThe results were overwhelm-ingly positive and so Itch Magick was bornrdquo says Tamara ldquoWe never intended to turn this into a business we just wanted to help our itchy horse but look at us now Itch Magick has totally taken over our lives it is very excitingrdquo Tamara and Ben receive feedback on how they have helped itchy animals both equine and canine on almost a daily basis ldquoWe are so excited that we have been
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ITCH MAGICK
Above Benrsquos horse Willow the horse behind the invention of Itch Magick
Below Ben and Tamara
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
ITCH MAGICK able to help so many itchy ani-mals That is really what this is all about for usrdquo The Itch Magick range con-tains a number of products as Tamara explains ldquoWe make a range of all natural products that use the power of Essential Oils and Iodine They are all designed to help itchy horses and hounds Itch Magickrsquos Oil is designed to penetrate right through the base hair layers and dead skin it is particularly good for the mane and tail on a horse Itch Magickrsquos Lotion was created for more sensitive or hard to reach areas like the face and ears It is more easy to control and wonrsquot run into the eyes or leave the animal greasy Itch Magickrsquos Cream is simply a stronger thicker version great for hot spots or really focused application And the Itch Magick Shampoo is excellent to use in conjunction with any of the other productsrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ldquoOur basic business philosophy is to make Itch Magick as easily available to as many itchy animals as possible whilst still having time to enjoy our own animals and liferdquo says Tamara adding ldquoWe also support various animal charities as $1 from every bottle sold is donated to a different animal rescue group each month I love being able to give back to the communityrdquo From humble beginnings Itch Magick has completely taken off It is the talk of the horse industry and is now available all over Australia via mail order or through a number of produce stores and saddler-ies including Horseland Ta-mara and Ben plan to continue to expand their business and keep helping itchy equines and canines and would eventually like to see Itch Magick also available overseas ldquoI donrsquot know that any prod-uct will lsquocurersquo Queensland Itch completely because of what causes itrdquo Tamara explains ldquo But Itch Magick is certainly proving to be a great way to help manage itch easily and provide ongoing relief to your four legged friendrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Australian Pony diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a recessive autosomal disorder originally thought to be relatively isolated to the Arabian breed Recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed with the disorder proving this not to be the case at all
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum) Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is an autosomal recessive disorder (see Feature) which means that both parents must carry a copy of the CA gene to produce a CA foal An affected foal occurs when they receive two disorder genes one from each parent Carriers which are horses that only carry one copy of the CA gene are not physically affected The disorder has been known in Arabian horses for some time and a test has been developed to determine whether horses are clear affected or carriers This is important for a number of reasons Firstly it avoids misdiagnosis CA may be misdiagnosed as head or neck trauma due to its neurological symptoms and there is a great chance that the disease has occurred in numerous instances where it was passed off as something else Secondly it is possible to determine horses which are carriers Because mating a carrier to a carrier presents a 25 chance of producing a diseased foal and a 50 chance of producing a carrier of the disease it is best to avoid mating carriers together and running the risk of an affected foal Mating a carrier to a clear horse will produce either a carrier or a
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Pony Magazine Australia~Volume 2~Issue 3
SPECIAL BIRTHDAY ISSUE
MAYJUNE 2015CONTENTS
Editorial
BUSINESS PROFILEItch Magick
NEWS Australian Pony Diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy
COMPETITIONS
FEATURE Genetic Disorders in Horses and Ponies
FEATURE PONY Richdale Patriot
AUTHOR PROFILE Christine Meunier
BOOK REVIEW New Beginnings-Free Rein Series 1
NUTRITION The Dangers of Frost-Affected Grass
PREVIEW Pony World
Photo Lorelle Mercer
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
FREE Stud Directory
June 2015 marks one year of publishing Pony Magazine Australia I would like to thank all of our loyal readers advertisers and contributors who over the 12months have helped make this publication happen Without readers there is no magazine so please keep spreading the word so that this magazine can continue to grow So far our readers have come not only from Australia but also from around the world
The aim of the magazine was to produce a publication that could cater to the pony industry as a whole covering all breeds and all disciplines It has been a learning curve to say the least being a first time self-publisher but I hope the magazine will continue to grow and evolve as time goes on The pony industry in Australia is quite a large one with the increasing popularity of pony dressage as well as many ponies excelling in pony club competitions sporting show jumping harness and in hand as well as those all-important beginner ponies showing children (and adults) the ropes Though the market for horses in general is not particularly good at the moment there will always be a demand for good reliable ponies
Just a reminder that I am always on the lookout for stories to run in the magazine Whether you run a stud have a pony out competing successfully or just a special pony you think deserves a tribute I would love to hear from you Sourcing and writing articles for each issue is an extremely time-consuming task and anybody who would like more information is most welcome to contact me Next issue will feature our Stud Extravaganza and there are still a number of spots left for stud features I also invite you all to try out our advertising our prices are extremely competitive and reasonable
We have some great articles coming up in this issue as well as number of prizes up for grabs Enjoy
Brooke PurcellOwnerEditor
Anybody who has dealt with Queensland Itch or any type of skin allergy knows how frustrating and difficult to treat such conditions can be Two years ago Itch Magick was developed in South East Queensland by Ben and Tamara Harmony and it has been helping horse and dog owners overcome this awful condition ever since Benrsquos horse Willow suffered from some form of Queensland Itch and Tamara who had been working with Aromatherapy for many years suggested using some Essential Oils Ben being the horsey side of the partnership added a few ingredients to the mix and the pair tried the concoction on their itchy horse ldquoUnderstanding the affliction helped us decide the ingredients ldquo says Tamara ldquoThe primary cause of the itch is an allergic reaction to the bites and excrement of midges It is a chain reaction that can be seasonal environmental and habitual The changes and improvements we had with Willow simply amazed us and encouraged us to start testing our new creation on other suffering equinesrdquo Samples were given away at local markets and over Facebook ldquoThe results were overwhelm-ingly positive and so Itch Magick was bornrdquo says Tamara ldquoWe never intended to turn this into a business we just wanted to help our itchy horse but look at us now Itch Magick has totally taken over our lives it is very excitingrdquo Tamara and Ben receive feedback on how they have helped itchy animals both equine and canine on almost a daily basis ldquoWe are so excited that we have been
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ITCH MAGICK
Above Benrsquos horse Willow the horse behind the invention of Itch Magick
Below Ben and Tamara
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
ITCH MAGICK able to help so many itchy ani-mals That is really what this is all about for usrdquo The Itch Magick range con-tains a number of products as Tamara explains ldquoWe make a range of all natural products that use the power of Essential Oils and Iodine They are all designed to help itchy horses and hounds Itch Magickrsquos Oil is designed to penetrate right through the base hair layers and dead skin it is particularly good for the mane and tail on a horse Itch Magickrsquos Lotion was created for more sensitive or hard to reach areas like the face and ears It is more easy to control and wonrsquot run into the eyes or leave the animal greasy Itch Magickrsquos Cream is simply a stronger thicker version great for hot spots or really focused application And the Itch Magick Shampoo is excellent to use in conjunction with any of the other productsrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ldquoOur basic business philosophy is to make Itch Magick as easily available to as many itchy animals as possible whilst still having time to enjoy our own animals and liferdquo says Tamara adding ldquoWe also support various animal charities as $1 from every bottle sold is donated to a different animal rescue group each month I love being able to give back to the communityrdquo From humble beginnings Itch Magick has completely taken off It is the talk of the horse industry and is now available all over Australia via mail order or through a number of produce stores and saddler-ies including Horseland Ta-mara and Ben plan to continue to expand their business and keep helping itchy equines and canines and would eventually like to see Itch Magick also available overseas ldquoI donrsquot know that any prod-uct will lsquocurersquo Queensland Itch completely because of what causes itrdquo Tamara explains ldquo But Itch Magick is certainly proving to be a great way to help manage itch easily and provide ongoing relief to your four legged friendrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Australian Pony diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a recessive autosomal disorder originally thought to be relatively isolated to the Arabian breed Recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed with the disorder proving this not to be the case at all
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum) Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is an autosomal recessive disorder (see Feature) which means that both parents must carry a copy of the CA gene to produce a CA foal An affected foal occurs when they receive two disorder genes one from each parent Carriers which are horses that only carry one copy of the CA gene are not physically affected The disorder has been known in Arabian horses for some time and a test has been developed to determine whether horses are clear affected or carriers This is important for a number of reasons Firstly it avoids misdiagnosis CA may be misdiagnosed as head or neck trauma due to its neurological symptoms and there is a great chance that the disease has occurred in numerous instances where it was passed off as something else Secondly it is possible to determine horses which are carriers Because mating a carrier to a carrier presents a 25 chance of producing a diseased foal and a 50 chance of producing a carrier of the disease it is best to avoid mating carriers together and running the risk of an affected foal Mating a carrier to a clear horse will produce either a carrier or a
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
FREE Stud Directory
June 2015 marks one year of publishing Pony Magazine Australia I would like to thank all of our loyal readers advertisers and contributors who over the 12months have helped make this publication happen Without readers there is no magazine so please keep spreading the word so that this magazine can continue to grow So far our readers have come not only from Australia but also from around the world
The aim of the magazine was to produce a publication that could cater to the pony industry as a whole covering all breeds and all disciplines It has been a learning curve to say the least being a first time self-publisher but I hope the magazine will continue to grow and evolve as time goes on The pony industry in Australia is quite a large one with the increasing popularity of pony dressage as well as many ponies excelling in pony club competitions sporting show jumping harness and in hand as well as those all-important beginner ponies showing children (and adults) the ropes Though the market for horses in general is not particularly good at the moment there will always be a demand for good reliable ponies
Just a reminder that I am always on the lookout for stories to run in the magazine Whether you run a stud have a pony out competing successfully or just a special pony you think deserves a tribute I would love to hear from you Sourcing and writing articles for each issue is an extremely time-consuming task and anybody who would like more information is most welcome to contact me Next issue will feature our Stud Extravaganza and there are still a number of spots left for stud features I also invite you all to try out our advertising our prices are extremely competitive and reasonable
We have some great articles coming up in this issue as well as number of prizes up for grabs Enjoy
Brooke PurcellOwnerEditor
Anybody who has dealt with Queensland Itch or any type of skin allergy knows how frustrating and difficult to treat such conditions can be Two years ago Itch Magick was developed in South East Queensland by Ben and Tamara Harmony and it has been helping horse and dog owners overcome this awful condition ever since Benrsquos horse Willow suffered from some form of Queensland Itch and Tamara who had been working with Aromatherapy for many years suggested using some Essential Oils Ben being the horsey side of the partnership added a few ingredients to the mix and the pair tried the concoction on their itchy horse ldquoUnderstanding the affliction helped us decide the ingredients ldquo says Tamara ldquoThe primary cause of the itch is an allergic reaction to the bites and excrement of midges It is a chain reaction that can be seasonal environmental and habitual The changes and improvements we had with Willow simply amazed us and encouraged us to start testing our new creation on other suffering equinesrdquo Samples were given away at local markets and over Facebook ldquoThe results were overwhelm-ingly positive and so Itch Magick was bornrdquo says Tamara ldquoWe never intended to turn this into a business we just wanted to help our itchy horse but look at us now Itch Magick has totally taken over our lives it is very excitingrdquo Tamara and Ben receive feedback on how they have helped itchy animals both equine and canine on almost a daily basis ldquoWe are so excited that we have been
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ITCH MAGICK
Above Benrsquos horse Willow the horse behind the invention of Itch Magick
Below Ben and Tamara
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
ITCH MAGICK able to help so many itchy ani-mals That is really what this is all about for usrdquo The Itch Magick range con-tains a number of products as Tamara explains ldquoWe make a range of all natural products that use the power of Essential Oils and Iodine They are all designed to help itchy horses and hounds Itch Magickrsquos Oil is designed to penetrate right through the base hair layers and dead skin it is particularly good for the mane and tail on a horse Itch Magickrsquos Lotion was created for more sensitive or hard to reach areas like the face and ears It is more easy to control and wonrsquot run into the eyes or leave the animal greasy Itch Magickrsquos Cream is simply a stronger thicker version great for hot spots or really focused application And the Itch Magick Shampoo is excellent to use in conjunction with any of the other productsrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ldquoOur basic business philosophy is to make Itch Magick as easily available to as many itchy animals as possible whilst still having time to enjoy our own animals and liferdquo says Tamara adding ldquoWe also support various animal charities as $1 from every bottle sold is donated to a different animal rescue group each month I love being able to give back to the communityrdquo From humble beginnings Itch Magick has completely taken off It is the talk of the horse industry and is now available all over Australia via mail order or through a number of produce stores and saddler-ies including Horseland Ta-mara and Ben plan to continue to expand their business and keep helping itchy equines and canines and would eventually like to see Itch Magick also available overseas ldquoI donrsquot know that any prod-uct will lsquocurersquo Queensland Itch completely because of what causes itrdquo Tamara explains ldquo But Itch Magick is certainly proving to be a great way to help manage itch easily and provide ongoing relief to your four legged friendrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Australian Pony diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a recessive autosomal disorder originally thought to be relatively isolated to the Arabian breed Recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed with the disorder proving this not to be the case at all
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum) Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is an autosomal recessive disorder (see Feature) which means that both parents must carry a copy of the CA gene to produce a CA foal An affected foal occurs when they receive two disorder genes one from each parent Carriers which are horses that only carry one copy of the CA gene are not physically affected The disorder has been known in Arabian horses for some time and a test has been developed to determine whether horses are clear affected or carriers This is important for a number of reasons Firstly it avoids misdiagnosis CA may be misdiagnosed as head or neck trauma due to its neurological symptoms and there is a great chance that the disease has occurred in numerous instances where it was passed off as something else Secondly it is possible to determine horses which are carriers Because mating a carrier to a carrier presents a 25 chance of producing a diseased foal and a 50 chance of producing a carrier of the disease it is best to avoid mating carriers together and running the risk of an affected foal Mating a carrier to a clear horse will produce either a carrier or a
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
June 2015 marks one year of publishing Pony Magazine Australia I would like to thank all of our loyal readers advertisers and contributors who over the 12months have helped make this publication happen Without readers there is no magazine so please keep spreading the word so that this magazine can continue to grow So far our readers have come not only from Australia but also from around the world
The aim of the magazine was to produce a publication that could cater to the pony industry as a whole covering all breeds and all disciplines It has been a learning curve to say the least being a first time self-publisher but I hope the magazine will continue to grow and evolve as time goes on The pony industry in Australia is quite a large one with the increasing popularity of pony dressage as well as many ponies excelling in pony club competitions sporting show jumping harness and in hand as well as those all-important beginner ponies showing children (and adults) the ropes Though the market for horses in general is not particularly good at the moment there will always be a demand for good reliable ponies
Just a reminder that I am always on the lookout for stories to run in the magazine Whether you run a stud have a pony out competing successfully or just a special pony you think deserves a tribute I would love to hear from you Sourcing and writing articles for each issue is an extremely time-consuming task and anybody who would like more information is most welcome to contact me Next issue will feature our Stud Extravaganza and there are still a number of spots left for stud features I also invite you all to try out our advertising our prices are extremely competitive and reasonable
We have some great articles coming up in this issue as well as number of prizes up for grabs Enjoy
Brooke PurcellOwnerEditor
Anybody who has dealt with Queensland Itch or any type of skin allergy knows how frustrating and difficult to treat such conditions can be Two years ago Itch Magick was developed in South East Queensland by Ben and Tamara Harmony and it has been helping horse and dog owners overcome this awful condition ever since Benrsquos horse Willow suffered from some form of Queensland Itch and Tamara who had been working with Aromatherapy for many years suggested using some Essential Oils Ben being the horsey side of the partnership added a few ingredients to the mix and the pair tried the concoction on their itchy horse ldquoUnderstanding the affliction helped us decide the ingredients ldquo says Tamara ldquoThe primary cause of the itch is an allergic reaction to the bites and excrement of midges It is a chain reaction that can be seasonal environmental and habitual The changes and improvements we had with Willow simply amazed us and encouraged us to start testing our new creation on other suffering equinesrdquo Samples were given away at local markets and over Facebook ldquoThe results were overwhelm-ingly positive and so Itch Magick was bornrdquo says Tamara ldquoWe never intended to turn this into a business we just wanted to help our itchy horse but look at us now Itch Magick has totally taken over our lives it is very excitingrdquo Tamara and Ben receive feedback on how they have helped itchy animals both equine and canine on almost a daily basis ldquoWe are so excited that we have been
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ITCH MAGICK
Above Benrsquos horse Willow the horse behind the invention of Itch Magick
Below Ben and Tamara
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
ITCH MAGICK able to help so many itchy ani-mals That is really what this is all about for usrdquo The Itch Magick range con-tains a number of products as Tamara explains ldquoWe make a range of all natural products that use the power of Essential Oils and Iodine They are all designed to help itchy horses and hounds Itch Magickrsquos Oil is designed to penetrate right through the base hair layers and dead skin it is particularly good for the mane and tail on a horse Itch Magickrsquos Lotion was created for more sensitive or hard to reach areas like the face and ears It is more easy to control and wonrsquot run into the eyes or leave the animal greasy Itch Magickrsquos Cream is simply a stronger thicker version great for hot spots or really focused application And the Itch Magick Shampoo is excellent to use in conjunction with any of the other productsrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ldquoOur basic business philosophy is to make Itch Magick as easily available to as many itchy animals as possible whilst still having time to enjoy our own animals and liferdquo says Tamara adding ldquoWe also support various animal charities as $1 from every bottle sold is donated to a different animal rescue group each month I love being able to give back to the communityrdquo From humble beginnings Itch Magick has completely taken off It is the talk of the horse industry and is now available all over Australia via mail order or through a number of produce stores and saddler-ies including Horseland Ta-mara and Ben plan to continue to expand their business and keep helping itchy equines and canines and would eventually like to see Itch Magick also available overseas ldquoI donrsquot know that any prod-uct will lsquocurersquo Queensland Itch completely because of what causes itrdquo Tamara explains ldquo But Itch Magick is certainly proving to be a great way to help manage itch easily and provide ongoing relief to your four legged friendrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Australian Pony diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a recessive autosomal disorder originally thought to be relatively isolated to the Arabian breed Recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed with the disorder proving this not to be the case at all
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum) Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is an autosomal recessive disorder (see Feature) which means that both parents must carry a copy of the CA gene to produce a CA foal An affected foal occurs when they receive two disorder genes one from each parent Carriers which are horses that only carry one copy of the CA gene are not physically affected The disorder has been known in Arabian horses for some time and a test has been developed to determine whether horses are clear affected or carriers This is important for a number of reasons Firstly it avoids misdiagnosis CA may be misdiagnosed as head or neck trauma due to its neurological symptoms and there is a great chance that the disease has occurred in numerous instances where it was passed off as something else Secondly it is possible to determine horses which are carriers Because mating a carrier to a carrier presents a 25 chance of producing a diseased foal and a 50 chance of producing a carrier of the disease it is best to avoid mating carriers together and running the risk of an affected foal Mating a carrier to a clear horse will produce either a carrier or a
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Anybody who has dealt with Queensland Itch or any type of skin allergy knows how frustrating and difficult to treat such conditions can be Two years ago Itch Magick was developed in South East Queensland by Ben and Tamara Harmony and it has been helping horse and dog owners overcome this awful condition ever since Benrsquos horse Willow suffered from some form of Queensland Itch and Tamara who had been working with Aromatherapy for many years suggested using some Essential Oils Ben being the horsey side of the partnership added a few ingredients to the mix and the pair tried the concoction on their itchy horse ldquoUnderstanding the affliction helped us decide the ingredients ldquo says Tamara ldquoThe primary cause of the itch is an allergic reaction to the bites and excrement of midges It is a chain reaction that can be seasonal environmental and habitual The changes and improvements we had with Willow simply amazed us and encouraged us to start testing our new creation on other suffering equinesrdquo Samples were given away at local markets and over Facebook ldquoThe results were overwhelm-ingly positive and so Itch Magick was bornrdquo says Tamara ldquoWe never intended to turn this into a business we just wanted to help our itchy horse but look at us now Itch Magick has totally taken over our lives it is very excitingrdquo Tamara and Ben receive feedback on how they have helped itchy animals both equine and canine on almost a daily basis ldquoWe are so excited that we have been
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ITCH MAGICK
Above Benrsquos horse Willow the horse behind the invention of Itch Magick
Below Ben and Tamara
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
ITCH MAGICK able to help so many itchy ani-mals That is really what this is all about for usrdquo The Itch Magick range con-tains a number of products as Tamara explains ldquoWe make a range of all natural products that use the power of Essential Oils and Iodine They are all designed to help itchy horses and hounds Itch Magickrsquos Oil is designed to penetrate right through the base hair layers and dead skin it is particularly good for the mane and tail on a horse Itch Magickrsquos Lotion was created for more sensitive or hard to reach areas like the face and ears It is more easy to control and wonrsquot run into the eyes or leave the animal greasy Itch Magickrsquos Cream is simply a stronger thicker version great for hot spots or really focused application And the Itch Magick Shampoo is excellent to use in conjunction with any of the other productsrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ldquoOur basic business philosophy is to make Itch Magick as easily available to as many itchy animals as possible whilst still having time to enjoy our own animals and liferdquo says Tamara adding ldquoWe also support various animal charities as $1 from every bottle sold is donated to a different animal rescue group each month I love being able to give back to the communityrdquo From humble beginnings Itch Magick has completely taken off It is the talk of the horse industry and is now available all over Australia via mail order or through a number of produce stores and saddler-ies including Horseland Ta-mara and Ben plan to continue to expand their business and keep helping itchy equines and canines and would eventually like to see Itch Magick also available overseas ldquoI donrsquot know that any prod-uct will lsquocurersquo Queensland Itch completely because of what causes itrdquo Tamara explains ldquo But Itch Magick is certainly proving to be a great way to help manage itch easily and provide ongoing relief to your four legged friendrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Australian Pony diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a recessive autosomal disorder originally thought to be relatively isolated to the Arabian breed Recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed with the disorder proving this not to be the case at all
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum) Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is an autosomal recessive disorder (see Feature) which means that both parents must carry a copy of the CA gene to produce a CA foal An affected foal occurs when they receive two disorder genes one from each parent Carriers which are horses that only carry one copy of the CA gene are not physically affected The disorder has been known in Arabian horses for some time and a test has been developed to determine whether horses are clear affected or carriers This is important for a number of reasons Firstly it avoids misdiagnosis CA may be misdiagnosed as head or neck trauma due to its neurological symptoms and there is a great chance that the disease has occurred in numerous instances where it was passed off as something else Secondly it is possible to determine horses which are carriers Because mating a carrier to a carrier presents a 25 chance of producing a diseased foal and a 50 chance of producing a carrier of the disease it is best to avoid mating carriers together and running the risk of an affected foal Mating a carrier to a clear horse will produce either a carrier or a
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
ITCH MAGICK able to help so many itchy ani-mals That is really what this is all about for usrdquo The Itch Magick range con-tains a number of products as Tamara explains ldquoWe make a range of all natural products that use the power of Essential Oils and Iodine They are all designed to help itchy horses and hounds Itch Magickrsquos Oil is designed to penetrate right through the base hair layers and dead skin it is particularly good for the mane and tail on a horse Itch Magickrsquos Lotion was created for more sensitive or hard to reach areas like the face and ears It is more easy to control and wonrsquot run into the eyes or leave the animal greasy Itch Magickrsquos Cream is simply a stronger thicker version great for hot spots or really focused application And the Itch Magick Shampoo is excellent to use in conjunction with any of the other productsrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ldquoOur basic business philosophy is to make Itch Magick as easily available to as many itchy animals as possible whilst still having time to enjoy our own animals and liferdquo says Tamara adding ldquoWe also support various animal charities as $1 from every bottle sold is donated to a different animal rescue group each month I love being able to give back to the communityrdquo From humble beginnings Itch Magick has completely taken off It is the talk of the horse industry and is now available all over Australia via mail order or through a number of produce stores and saddler-ies including Horseland Ta-mara and Ben plan to continue to expand their business and keep helping itchy equines and canines and would eventually like to see Itch Magick also available overseas ldquoI donrsquot know that any prod-uct will lsquocurersquo Queensland Itch completely because of what causes itrdquo Tamara explains ldquo But Itch Magick is certainly proving to be a great way to help manage itch easily and provide ongoing relief to your four legged friendrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Australian Pony diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a recessive autosomal disorder originally thought to be relatively isolated to the Arabian breed Recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed with the disorder proving this not to be the case at all
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum) Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is an autosomal recessive disorder (see Feature) which means that both parents must carry a copy of the CA gene to produce a CA foal An affected foal occurs when they receive two disorder genes one from each parent Carriers which are horses that only carry one copy of the CA gene are not physically affected The disorder has been known in Arabian horses for some time and a test has been developed to determine whether horses are clear affected or carriers This is important for a number of reasons Firstly it avoids misdiagnosis CA may be misdiagnosed as head or neck trauma due to its neurological symptoms and there is a great chance that the disease has occurred in numerous instances where it was passed off as something else Secondly it is possible to determine horses which are carriers Because mating a carrier to a carrier presents a 25 chance of producing a diseased foal and a 50 chance of producing a carrier of the disease it is best to avoid mating carriers together and running the risk of an affected foal Mating a carrier to a clear horse will produce either a carrier or a
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
ldquoOur basic business philosophy is to make Itch Magick as easily available to as many itchy animals as possible whilst still having time to enjoy our own animals and liferdquo says Tamara adding ldquoWe also support various animal charities as $1 from every bottle sold is donated to a different animal rescue group each month I love being able to give back to the communityrdquo From humble beginnings Itch Magick has completely taken off It is the talk of the horse industry and is now available all over Australia via mail order or through a number of produce stores and saddler-ies including Horseland Ta-mara and Ben plan to continue to expand their business and keep helping itchy equines and canines and would eventually like to see Itch Magick also available overseas ldquoI donrsquot know that any prod-uct will lsquocurersquo Queensland Itch completely because of what causes itrdquo Tamara explains ldquo But Itch Magick is certainly proving to be a great way to help manage itch easily and provide ongoing relief to your four legged friendrdquo
~BUSINESS PROFILE ~
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Australian Pony diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a recessive autosomal disorder originally thought to be relatively isolated to the Arabian breed Recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed with the disorder proving this not to be the case at all
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum) Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is an autosomal recessive disorder (see Feature) which means that both parents must carry a copy of the CA gene to produce a CA foal An affected foal occurs when they receive two disorder genes one from each parent Carriers which are horses that only carry one copy of the CA gene are not physically affected The disorder has been known in Arabian horses for some time and a test has been developed to determine whether horses are clear affected or carriers This is important for a number of reasons Firstly it avoids misdiagnosis CA may be misdiagnosed as head or neck trauma due to its neurological symptoms and there is a great chance that the disease has occurred in numerous instances where it was passed off as something else Secondly it is possible to determine horses which are carriers Because mating a carrier to a carrier presents a 25 chance of producing a diseased foal and a 50 chance of producing a carrier of the disease it is best to avoid mating carriers together and running the risk of an affected foal Mating a carrier to a clear horse will produce either a carrier or a
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Australian Pony diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA)
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a recessive autosomal disorder originally thought to be relatively isolated to the Arabian breed Recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed with the disorder proving this not to be the case at all
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum) Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is an autosomal recessive disorder (see Feature) which means that both parents must carry a copy of the CA gene to produce a CA foal An affected foal occurs when they receive two disorder genes one from each parent Carriers which are horses that only carry one copy of the CA gene are not physically affected The disorder has been known in Arabian horses for some time and a test has been developed to determine whether horses are clear affected or carriers This is important for a number of reasons Firstly it avoids misdiagnosis CA may be misdiagnosed as head or neck trauma due to its neurological symptoms and there is a great chance that the disease has occurred in numerous instances where it was passed off as something else Secondly it is possible to determine horses which are carriers Because mating a carrier to a carrier presents a 25 chance of producing a diseased foal and a 50 chance of producing a carrier of the disease it is best to avoid mating carriers together and running the risk of an affected foal Mating a carrier to a clear horse will produce either a carrier or a
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
clear horse in this case there is no chance of producing an affected foal
Just recently an Australian Pony has been diagnosed as being affected by CA This was previously unheard of and opens up a whole new avenue for the disease This particular pony was not particularly high in Arabian blood (less than 8) and this Arabian blood was generations back Of course with any horse or pony that traces back to Arabian ancestry the chances of recessive disorders being carried down the line are a possibility This raises the question of how common is this and other recessive diseases which can hide for generations in the gene pool of our ponies and is testing necessary to determine this The owner of this particular pony stresses the impor-tance of being aware of such disorders and the possibility of their pres-ence in the pony gene pool Other ponies have since been tested for their carrier status with a number of them coming up positive Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how many cases have gone undetected
A study done by LS Brault and MCT Penedo and pub-lished in the Equine Veterinary Journal in 2011 confirmed that CA carriers were present in the Trakehner Welsh and Bashkir Curly breeds The former two were found in horses which were at least 50 Arabian blood while the instances in the Bashkir Curly breed were the result of Arabian influence early in the development of the breed The authors estimated from their testing of over 4200 Arabian horses from the general population that the CA
An Australian Pony lsquoLuxersquo has been diagnosed with Cerebellar Abiotrophy a genetic disorder common in the Arabian breed but previously
relatively unknown in the pony breeds
Until now CA has been practically unheard of in the pony breeds This instance raises the question of how
many cases have gone undetected
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
~ NEWS ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
carrier frequency in the Arabian breed is about 197 They concluded that any breed which has Arabian ancestry is at risk of having CA alleles in their gene pool and are candidates for genetic testing to determine the frequency and to protect these breeds from developing an increased risk of the disorder
Autosomal recessive disorders are managed quite effectively with the use of testing and strategic breeding decisions There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your program testing allows us to make informed decisions when it comes to genetic disorders and to manage them efficiently and safely
There is no need to entirely delete carriers from the breeding
program they just require more thoughtful tactics when choosing a breeding partner to avoid
producing affected progeny Their precious genetics need not be lost from your
program
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
MAYJUNE 2014COMPETITIONS
We have a number of giveaways this month
Enter for your chance to win
Submit a Stud Profile for our Stud Extravaganza issue all published stud profiles will go into the draw to win a full page or
half page advert
NEW My First Pony segment Tell us about your first pony for the chance to feature in one of our future issues All published stories
will win a Pony Magazine Australia cap
Free Rein Series giveaway We are giving away a Kindle copy of Free Rein 1 New Beginnings to one lucky reader
all you have to do is send in what your favourite pony themed novel is and why
Horse Country- we are also giving away a free copy of Horse Country tell us what your dream horsey
career is and why for your chance to win
~ COMPETITIONS~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Genetic Disorders in Horse and PoniesThe diagnosis of Cerebellar Abiotrohpy (CA) in a pony a disorder thought to be found practically exclusively in the Arabian breed brings to light the likelihood of other genetic disorders hidden in our pony gene pools and the possibility of them affecting our stock and breeding programs There are a number of genetic disorders found in horses and ponies among the most concerning of which to a breeding program being the autosomal recessive disorders These can remain hidden for generations with the only way to know that a horse or pony is a carrier either to have them tested or if they produce an affected foal
Autosomal recessive disorders are concerning to breeders as they can lsquohidersquo for generations popping up unexpectantly Horses need two copies of the gene to beaffected by the disorders (one from the sire and one from the dam) while horses with just one copy are physically unaffected but can pass on this gene to their progeny (see Figure 1) Unless an affected foal is produced or the horse is tested there is no way to identify which horses are carriers This is the reason why genetictesting is so important and should be implemented into breeding programs which may be at risk Because these disorders are in most cases fatal testing saves the heartbreak of going through all of the planning and waiting and ending up with a foal that has to be euthanised This situation is completely avoidable
With the development of genetic testing it has become possible to test the carrier status of suspected horses and ponies This makes it possible to avoid mating carriers eliminating the risk of producing affected progeny Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases need not be dismissed from the gene pool eradication of carrier horses is often not viable when the gene pool may be small to start with but the risk of producing affected progeny can be managed Where car-
If a parent is a carrier for a genetic disease there is a 50 chance that the gene will be
passed on to any progeny
Equine DNA
Horses have 64 chromosomes 32 of these derive from their sire
and 32 from their dam Chromosomes carry the horsersquos
genetic information via their DNA
Of these chromostomes 62 are what are known as autosomes
while the other two are sex chromosomes which determine
the sex of the horse (XX for female XY for male)
Autosomal disorders are mutations on the autosomal
DNA
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
rier horses and ponies are unaffected by the disease as is the case in disorders caused by recessive genes there is no need to lose their valuable genetics and restrict variability in an already relatively small gene pool
Dominant diseases such as HYPP are less complicated to diagnose Only one copy of the gene is required for a horse to be affected physically so these disorders are more obvious It is still important to test because where horses carry two diseased genes the disorder may be more debilitating and also all progeny will be affected by the disease while for a horse with one defective gene from any one mating the chance of getting a diseased horse is 50 With these dominant diseases it is best to avoid breeding from affected horses altogether
A number of genetic diseases have been recognised in horses and ponies A few of them are outlined below this is by no means an extensive list but just a few of the main ones Of major concern to pony breeders are those found in the Arabian due to the significant influence that the Arabian has had on the pony breeds though conditions found in Quarter Horses should also be considered for those breeding Quarter Ponies or sporting ponies with Quarter Horse or Paint blood
Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) Cerebellar Abiotrophy (CA) is a disorder that affects the nervous system specifically the cells that control coordination and refinement of movement (Purkinje cells which are located in the cerebellum)
Foals born with CA often (but not always) appear normal at birth with symptoms appearing typically at about six weeks of age (though sometimes later) as degeneration of the cells result in varying levels of neurological signs Symptoms include problems with balance and coordination head tremors a wide-based stance while standing trouble getting up when lying on their side and exaggerated action while moving CA horses tend to startle more easily and are known to rear and fall being overall more prone to injury Degree of severity of the disorder varies however due to their dangerous and unpredictable habits CA horses are generally humanely euthanised due to the physical danger they present to themselves and others
CA is a recessive disease requiring two copies of the mutated gene to be affected
Foal Immunodeficiency Syndrome (FIS) This disease was originally called Fell Pony Syndrome as it was first discovered in a population of Fell ponies in 1998 The disease has since been discovered in Dales ponies as well though the carrier frequency is slightly lower and also in some coloured horses (ie Gypsy horse breeds)
Foals born with FIS appear normal at birth but start to deteriorate two to six
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
weeks after birth Foals with the disease are unable to mount effective immune re-sponses being incapable of producing their own immunoglobulins and so once their damrsquos antibodies wear off they are unable to protect themselves from harmful bacteria and disease Early symptoms include diarrhoea anaemia pale gums nasal discharge poor growth and poor appetite The disease appears to be similar to SCID (see below) in Arabian horses however a different gene was found to be responsible
Treatment has been trialled but only prolongs life and suffering The disease is always fatal generally before the age of three months
The disease was found to be caused by a recessive gene and a test has been developed to determine the status of ponies Because both the Fell and Dales pony breeds are considered rare it is not feasible to remove large numbers from the population Testing allows breeders to avoid producing affected foals while still maintaining the gene pool
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Disease (SCID)SCID is similar to FIS being a primary immune deficiency and was first defined in 1973 in an Arabian foal
With SCID affected foals the humoral and cell-mediated immunity systems are unable to function properly and the foal succumbs to opportunistic infection As above the foal is born normal however once the damrsquos antibodies begin to wane the foalrsquos own immune system is unable to function on its ownAffected horses generally die within the first few months of life or need to be euthanised
As with CA and FIS SCID is an autosomal recessive disease and requires that both parents be carriers in order to produce an affected foal Since 1997 a
FIGURE 1 EXAMPLE OF A PEDIGREE SHOWING FIGURE 1
INHERITANCE OF RECESSIVE GENETIC DISORDERSThe above diagram represents the possibilities from any one mating of
carrier parents For every mating there is a one in four chance of producing a clear foal a two in four (50) chance of producing a
carrier foal and a one in four chance of producing an affected foal
RECESSIVE GENE DOMINANT GENE
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER PARENT (UNAFFECTED)
PROGENY
CLEAR FOAL
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
CARRIER FOAL
(UNAFFECTED)
AFFECTED FOAL
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
commercial test for SCID has been available making it possible to confirm affected foals and determine carrier horses
The disease is present in the Arabian gene pool and so potentially may be found in any horse or pony who traces back to a carrier horse
Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS)LFS also known as Coat Colour Dilution Lethal (CCDL) gets its name from the characteristic colour of affected foals Frequently foals are born with a diluted coat colour which has been described as lavender pale pink or silver Affected foals often have a difficult birth and are unable to stand It is common for affected foals to be passed off as dummy foals due to the nature of their entry into the world The disease affects the neurological system foals having recurrent episodes of tetany These foals either die within days of birth or are humanely euthanised
This disease is rare known to exist in horses of straight Egyptian lines and horses of high Egyptian percentage but is also present in other Arabian bloodlines The gene responsible was found to be recessive so both parents must be carriers to produce an affected foal
Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia (HERDA)HERDA is seen primarily in Quarter Horse bred for cutting Again foals appear normal at birth but the skin is found to be unusually sensitive to wounds and wound healing is difficult Their skin is not hyper-elastic and tears easily with resulting wounds not healing and getting worse or leaving disfiguring scars
Skin is split into three layers with the middle layer the dermis being the thickest In horses with HERDA the collagen (which provides elasticity) is notably damaged and disorganised It is common for the condition to be discovered when the horse is first saddled the pressure proving too much for their delicate skin often tearing it
The majority of affected horses do not live past the age of four either succumbing to related-injury that just does not heal or being humanely euthanised Some horses have survived into old age as pasture horses bututmost care must be taken to protect the skin of these horses from trauma and sun damage and even then it is still possible for the skin to split at the back and peel off down the horse
HERDA also follows a recessive mode of inheritance A genetic test is now available that determines whether horses are carriers affected or clear
Just recently testing for SCID LFS and CA has been made
available in Australia through the University of Queensland and
Practical Horse Genetics
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE ~
Lethal White Foal Syndrome (LWFS)
Also known as Overo Lethal White Foal Syndrome (OLWFS) LWFS is a genetic disease linked to the inheritance of the gene for the overo pattern Overo describes varying patterns of white in horses and occurs in combination with other colours In overo patterning the white is generally isolated to the body not coming across the back or withers and the horse will generally have a high degree of white on its face White or dark
colour may be more dominant with the darker colour being more common Legs and feet are often dark and the eyes may be blue
LWFS is associated with the inheritance of the overo gene which generally produces minimal white pattern on a dark colour The inheritance of LWFS is a little different to the diseases mentioned above as one copy of the frame overo gene will produce the overo pattern (in most cases there have been instances where there has been minimal pattern but the horse has still carried the gene) while two copies will produce a different pattern and the disease
This is called incomplete dominance Horses with two copies of the gene are born seemingly normal apart from an unusual white coat colour and two blue eyes While these foals are generally viable through the pregnancy an amino acid switch results in compromised development of the intestinal tract and the foal will generally die within hours of birth as they cannot pass food through their system There is no treatment available neither surgery nor medication being successful
A test is available to determine carriers of the overo gene and again carriers should not be bred together in order to avoid producing affected foals The gene has been found in Paints Quarter Horses Miniature Horses Thoroughbreds and part Arabians
Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP)HYPP is a disorder affecting Quarter Horses with the condition believing to have derived from the great foundation stallion Impressive as all horses exhibiting the disease appear to descend from him The expression of the disease varies with horses having one defective gene compared with horses containing two defective genes Horses with two defective genes are affected more severely than those with just one
In horses with the condition an amino acid change results in sodium channels within the muscle cells being opened for an extended period which leads to
It is compulsory for horses of particular bloodlines to be tested
for HYPP HERDA and LWFS to be registered with the
Australian Quarter Horse Association Horses homozygous for HYPP are not acccepted into
the stud book and carrier horses are only accepted if they are
castratedspayed
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
muscle tremors temporary muscle weakness paralysis and collapse sometimes resulting in death due to respiratory or heart failure Horses that carry the gene are well muscled and are of the type favoured for halter classes hence its widespread existence Exercise aggravates the disease and so horses are not suitable as performance animals Feeding a diet low in potassium can decrease the symptoms Instances of the disease varies in the different populations of Quarter Horses bred for different disciplines ie halter performance cutting western pleasure etc
A test can determine the genetic status of a particular horse and horses carrying two copies of the defective gene are refused entry into some of the registries
Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) Type 1In horses with PSSM1 their muscles are unable to store glucose This disorder is commonly found in Draft Horses Quarter Horses and related breeds Clinical signs are not apparent until maturity generally at around five years of age in Quarter Horses and even later in the heavy breeds
Symptoms include muscle stiffness sweating reluctance to move and wekness A genetic test can be done to determine the present of the PSSM1 gene which is dominant and so only one copy is needed The condition can be managed with diet
Pony breeders may have originally thought that they were relatively safe from these diseases however as has been recently brought to light this is not the case at all Any ponies which trace back to Arabian Quarter Horse Fell or Dales Ponies and Thoroughbreds run the risk of being carriers of hidden genetic diseases and this should be considered when designing your breeding programs Just because your stock have been thus far unaffected does not mean that these genes are not hidden in your program waiting to appear and cause heartbreak and chaos
For more information on genetic testing see wwwpracticalhorsegeneticscomau
~ FEATURE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
JulyAugust2015
Stud Extravaganza
50 off General Adverts for Stud
Promotion
Full page $75Half page $40
quarter page $25
FREE Stud Directory
australianponymagazinegmailcom
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
How can one not fall in love with the gorgeous face of Richdale Patriot the beautiful little chestnut who lit the show ring on fire at the recent Northern NSW Hack Championships Known aptly as lsquoFirersquo at home this spunky little pony has a huge future ahead of him
Richdale Patriot or lsquoFirersquo at home is a nine year old Welsh Section A gelding by Weston Park Sherlock and from the lovely Waxwing Herod daughter Imperial Pin Up Girl He was bred by Judy Ritchie at Richdale Stud and is a full brother to the exquisite Supreme Champion Welsh and Australian Champion Arabian Pony Richdale Protocol In a previous life he was a movie star featuring in the Pony Power DVD series while he was at a riding school in Sydney where he spent the majority of his life He was briefly shown as a colt prior to being gelded
The Gorgeous
Richdale PatriotFrom star trick pony to show pony extroadinaire
Left Richdale Patriot (Fire)
ridden by Chelsea Webb and led by Mark Lilley at the Northern
NSW Hack Championships
Photo Lorelle Mercer
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
His current owner Katie Webb flew from Queensland to Sydney with daughter Chelsea in tow to view this little star ldquoAs soon as I saw the photo of his gorgeous face I knew he had what it took to be a top show pony We flew to Sydney and Chelsea ride him in the roundyard at SIEC hellip we bought him within the hour and he was on the truck the next dayrdquo She adds ldquoHe is not only a super well educated pony under saddle but he is also a fully trick trained movie star He bows lies down and rears on commandrdquo
Showing Fire is very much a family affair Katie explains ldquoChelsea has weekly les-
sons on Fire with her amazing coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian Paulrsquos partner Mark Lilley leads fire in Chel-searsquos Leading Rein classes so I get to sit and watch them in the ring looking gorgeousrdquo she also adds ldquoFire is ridden by our very good friend Bianca Van Kampen in the open show ring and he is trained by Biancarsquos older sister Mikayla It is very much a family affair between the Van Kampens PAE and ourselves we are all an important part of Firersquos success and we are all very much in love with this gorgeous spunky little boyrdquo
Fire recently made his show ring debut at the Northern NSW Hack Championships and swept the board He quali-
Above Fire Chelsea and MarkBelow Fire with his winnings
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
fied for the Grand Nationals three times over winning Champion First Ridden Pony Champion Childs Hunter Pony Champion Led Hunter Pony Champion Preliminary Hunter Pony Champion Open Hunter Pony and was also placed third in the Leading Rein class against highly experienced competition ldquoWe are so excited to be qualified for Grand Nationalsrdquo exclaims Katie ldquoWe came home with a float full of garlands rugs and prizes It was so much funrdquo
Fire not only has that unique look and face that makes you melt instantly he also has an amazing personality ldquoFire is so
special for so many reasons It is almost impossible to find a pony that can be ridden by a four year old child off lead that can also win in the open show ringrdquo says Katie ldquoHe has pizazz patience spunk and kindnessa big flashy trot a huge rocking horse canter and he will go as slow as needed for the little ones or get up and boogie for the show ring He is the ultimate ldquolearn to ride onrdquo pony and the ultimate ldquoTop class Show Ponyrdquo Ponies like this are literally one in TWENTY millionrdquo Chelsea and Fire were offered sponsorship from Boutique Equestrian Apparel who made Chelsearsquos beautiful hunter jacket for their first show ldquoIt just made sure Chelsea and Fire step out looking incrediblerdquo says Katie
Fire Chelsea and team will no doubt continue to dazzle in the show ring Katie being a Dressage rider herself hopes that they will have a go at Pony Dressage Chelsea and Fire will be venturing out on their own in First Ridden classes within a few months and no matter what they choose to try their hand at there is no doubt
Below Chelsea with her coach Paul Austin from PAE Equestrian
Above Chelsea and Fire training at home
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
that this lovely little pair will be turn-ing heads and melting hearts where ever they go
Owner Katie shares some of Firersquos habits
ldquoFire has a few bad habits ldquo
ldquoHe is the itchiest pony in his-tory Never gets summer itchsores but he just has to rub itch everything He costs us a fortune in QV Bath oil to keep
his skin soft and not itchyrdquo
ldquoHe also has a CRAZY habit of removing hair bows from
Chelsearsquos hair If he sees a hair bow he will grab it with his
teeth and rip it out of her hair and throw it across the
stablerdquo
ldquoHe also suffers from extreme boredom in his stable at night and if he
doesnrsquot have his plastic toys he will drink
copious amounts of water and flood his entire stable with
pee costing us a fortune in shavingsrdquo
ldquo His BFF is a yearling Welsh B named Lollies who is
taller then he is even though he is only a yearlingrdquo
Below Fire with his best friend Lollies
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Below Fire with Bianca Northern NSW Hack Championships
Photo Renee Surdonjic
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ FEATURE PONY~
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Christine Meunier is a long time horse enthusiast whose passion has taken her on many paths in regards to her career She has spent time studying horses working as an instructor studied at the Irish National Stud ridden endurance horses in Africa worked with racehorses and been a TAFE teacher in equine studies She is also a great inspiration showing how one can turn a potentially devastating and depressing situation into something positive
Christine has always been a horse enthusiast her parents being supportive of her passion and leasing her a pony when she was 13 This same pony was her 14th birthday present and from here Christine learnt all that she could about these wonderful animals reading whatever she could get her hands on In high school she completed a Certificate II in Horse Studies and then went on to complete a Diploma focused on breeding Christine is currently completing a Bachelor of Equine Science
An unfortunate incident where Christine received a kick to the head saw her in a coma and unable to work for quite a few months She used her recovery time to follow another of her passions writing ldquoI love reading words in general and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo she says Her debut novel Horse Country was completed during this time after ten years in the making ldquoMy debut novel Horse Country (wwwhorsecountrybookcom) is actually aimed at young adults hoping to break into the industry Itrsquos a realistic look at the working lives of instructors and stud handsrdquo Christine explains
AUTHOR CHRISTINE MEUNIERTurning passions into careers
Aboce Christine working with Thorougbreds
Below Christinersquos debut novel lsquoHorse Countryrsquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
ldquoI love reading and I love horses I guess in that regard it made sense for me to write particularly after gaining so much joy from reading about horsesrdquo
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
Her next novel was the first in a series of books aimed at horse-mad 8-12 year olds This series of books the Free Rein Series follows the adventures of three young girls ldquoIt is my hope that as much as the books may be entertaining that each one teaches a moral lesson and provides facts about horses to help the readers learn as they gordquo There are currently four books in the Free Rein series with Christine having recently finished the fifth which should be available on Kindle by June
Christine did not only write her books but also self-published them ldquoSelf-publishing means that at least my words are left as my words (errors and all) that I have the last say on the content and book cover design and that any profit made goes to the authorrdquo she explains Christine is also an
advocate of electronic publishing ldquoDonrsquot underestimate the value of an electronic version of your book ndash they are cheaper to produce and will still get readers Be sure to do your research though and get advice on good cover design and formatting your bookrdquo
At the moment Christine is currently awaiting the cover design for the fifth in the Free Rein series and is also working on an adult fiction all while raising a young family and studying ldquoWhether or not you choose to write about horses they are indeed a lifelong passion and you can never stop learning about them Get yourself stuck into as many books and magazines as you can ndash you never know what yoursquoll learnrdquo
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
~ AUTHOR PROFILE ~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
FREE REIN SERIESChristine Meunierhttpwwwfreereinseriescom
Horse Country
A World of Horses
Christine Meunierrsquos debut novel
httpwwwhorsecountrybookcom
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
FREE REIN 1
NEW BEGINNINGSThe Free Rein series is the brainchild of Christine Meunier the follow up to her debut novel Horse Country Aimed at 8-12 year old horse crazy children Free Rein follows the adventures of Jacqui King as she makes a big move interstate with her parents and brother Jacqui is excited about the move as her parents have plans to turn the new property into an agistment centre Jacqui is lucky enough to find other horse crazy girls at her new school and they become great friends with big plans for their horsey futures
Christine cleverly blends education with a heart-warming story as she follows Jacqui through the big move and her new beginnings These books are sure to be a hit with the younger generation of horse and pony mad children com-ing up through the ranks whether they already own a pony or dream of owning one Not only will they be hooked on the adventures of the girls in their pursuit of ponies but they will also be learning new facts about horses and riding with each page they turn Bring in a little philosophy and you have New Beginnings As you get further in the characters grow with each page turned
A beautiful start to what promises to be an additctive series
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ BOOK REVIEW~
GIVEAWAYChristine Meunier and Pony Magazine
Australia are giving away a Kindle copy of both lsquoNew Beginningsrsquo and lsquoHorse Countryrsquo to two lucky readers All you have to do is send
through what your faourite pony themed novel is and a brief description of why
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
One might assume that dry dead looking pasture that has been affected by frost could not possibly put on weight or be harmful to ponies Surely the frost has killed it off and it has no nutritional value Wrong Frost damaged grass actually undergoes stress-management processes which make it all the more dangerous for ponies particularly those that are laminitis-prone insulin-resistant and metabolic syndrome affected
Certain species of grass are actively growing throughout the winter and spring period (see Carbohydrates feature in June 2014 for more information on this) When a frost occurs the plants cope by stopping all of their processes and at this time of active growth they are quite high in soluble sugars The soluble sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are stored in the stem of the plant so that when condi-tions become more favourable they can continue to grow This results in the stems of the grass being extremely sugary and sweet and thus very palatable to ponies and horses and dangerous if consumed in large quantities Sugars and non-structural carbohydrates are easily digested in the small intestine however when there is an overload the excess is taken through to the hindgut (large intestine) undigested In the hindgut it is broken down via fermentation by the population of microbes that reside there
When an excess of rapidly fermentable compounds such as sugars and other non-structural carbohydrates are passed through to the hindgut the by-products of the bacterial fermentation can result in acidosis This is where the environment of the hindgut becomes too acidic and can result in the death of a number of the beneficial bacteria which can cause not only digestive upsets but also systemic problems resulting in laminitis and other issues The increase of sugars in the bloodstream is also an issue as hormone levels increase
The Dangers of
Frost-Affcted Grass
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
So just because the grass is looking dry dead and wilted in winter do not assume that it is safe This particular time of year is amongst the most dangerous for susceptible ponies It is of great importance to manage your poniesrsquo access to frost damaged or in fact any stressed pastures or if possible avoid it where ponies are particularly susceptible
WHAT ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
CARBOHYDRATES(NSCs)
Non-Structural Carbohydrates or NSCs are constantly mentioned in equine
nutrition so why are they so important
NSCs are as their name suggests are the non-structural component of the plant such as starch ad sugars These are the plantrsquos nutrient stores and supplies for
growth and metabolism
The reason NSCs are so important par-ticularly in equine nutrition is because of how they are digested NSCs are gen-erally easily digested by the horse in the
small intestine via enzymes For this reason they are an important source of energy for performance horses but not so desirable in high quantities for any
equine in particular overweight laminitis prone ponies
If there is an excess of NSCs in the diet the extra will pass through to the large
intestine where it will be subject to microbial fermentation This can be an issue as NSCs are rapidly fermented by
microbes When the microbes digest any type of feed in the large intesting there
are also by-products produced by the process
An abundance of these by-products such as lactic acid result in a change in
the hindgut environment such as acidosis which can kill off some of the beneficial population of microbes and
interfere with digestion as well as make the horse potentially very sick
~ NUTRITION~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
INTRODUCTION
Pony World is a theme park entirely dedicated to ponies It is a pony-loverrsquos dream with pony rides pony-themed stands and displays educational demonstrations and of course plenty of pony rides
The air was chilly and a light breeze sent icy whispers through the air The sun began to peak over the horizon and changed the sky from pitch black to a pinky grey Despite the early hour the stables were already wide awake with ever-hungry ponies awaiting break-fast Even before Meagan the head stablehand at Pony World had switched on the lights they were already calling out in desperate sounding neighs and nickers She hadnrsquot even made it through the gate to the stables before the chorus began She smiled to her-self and greeted each pony with a pat as they all popped their heads over their box doors some liking the attention but food being their main motivation
Meagan had worked there for over 15 years now having started while still in school She started down the bottom of course muck-ing out stables feeding watering grooming etc but had worked her way up to the top and was now pretty much in charge She knew the routine better than almost anybody else there and was well-rewarded by the owners Meagan had gotten used to the early mornings and getting to spend all her time with the ponies with their many different personality quirks was a reward in itself She couldnrsquot imagine herself doing anything else The looks on the faces of the many children who came through the park were priceless
Meagan got straight to work setting out the feeds shersquod made the previous afternoon The clang and rattle of the plastic feed buck-ets made the ponies call out even more loudly in anticipation The creak of the gate and the sound of footsteps coming up the path alerted Meagan to the arrival of Becky one of the stablehands Becky was greeted with neighs as well some of the ponies also kick-
PONY WORLD
coming soon
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
ing and pawing at their doors impatiently She said hello to Mea-gan and put her bag in the staff room before heading towards the first few boxes These boxes held four Shetland ponies Ronnie Miles Maggie and Marge She automatically caught each one and tied them all up just outside their stalls and then collected the groom-ing kit She had removed all their brightly coloured rugs and had just set to work brushing the sawdust out of Milesrsquos tail when anoth-er girl walked into the stables
Kelsie gave Bernie a once over with the brush before placing the saddle blanket and saddle over his shiny white back He turned to look at her with his kind dark eyes and she smiled and gave his nose a rub Kelsie loved riding as the sun came up There was some-thing about riding in the first glimpses of light while everyone else slept It was ponies like Bernie that made working at Pony World a joy He was Kelsiersquos favourite pony to ride and she was lucky enough to be appointed him most mornings when she worked Berniersquos com-panion Banjo was already saddled and ready so Kelsie untied their leads hung the two bridles over her shoulders and headed off with the two ponies in tow towards the arena Bernie and Banjo were Australian Ponies both grey and full brothers Besides representing their breed in the Breeds Section of the park they also often gave ridden exhibitions making the perfect pair due to their likeness Kelsie tied Bernie up in one of the yards at the side of the arena and put Banjorsquos bridle on before tightening his girth and walk-ing him into the arena He stood obediently as Kelsie mounted and then began to warm him up
Wisps of condensation blew out of Banjorsquos nostrils as he breathed in time with his trot Kelsie gave a slight squeeze and he gave a small pigroot before bouncing into a canter Kelsie just smiled to herself knowing that this was coming and bracing herself He smoothly cantered around the arena circling at Kelsiersquos command and then going large again She directed him to the centre and changed rein before asking for a canter on the other lead Once again Ban-jo threw in a small hop before proceeding Banjo and Bernie were the spitting image of each other it was near impossible for most to tell them apart at first glance Bernie was the elder of the two and
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
~ SNEAK PEAK~ ~ SNEAK PEAK~
Pony Magazine Australia Volume 2 Issue 3
slightly more tractable in nature Banjo was cheeky and a more challenging ride Both loved to jump and would often be used in pony jumping displays Banjo loved mounted games but could only be ridden by the more experienced rider in these shows as he would get very excited until you let him run Bernie and Banjo were pur-chased as youngsters from their breeder by the owner of the park Mrs Malcolm and had been shown in hand for many prizes as well as having been taken to Pony Club by a few members of the staff at different times
Mrs Malcolm also owned a large fancy property outside the city limits where she gave the ponies time off from their movie star-like careers She ran a stud breeding Miniatures Shetlands Welsh Po-nies (Welsh Mountain Ponies and Welsh Ponies) and also the odd Australian Riding Pony She liked her ponies to have impeccable temperaments so that they were reliable and calm when exposed to the many challenges that being in the park involved Only the qui-etest ponies could be used for the pony carousel and the pony rides and it was essential to have spares so that the ponies could be given adequate time off While head stablehand Meagan was in charge of the day to day running of the ponies in the park Mrs Malcolm spent her time preparing her ponies for the show ring Her ponies had won all over the country and many of Pony Worldrsquos stars were previous State or National Champions
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Catering for the pony industry in Australia
wwwponymagazineaustraliacom
PONY MAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
PONYMAGAZINEAUSTRALIA
Volume 2 Issue 3MayJune 2015
BIRTHDAY ISSUE
GENETIC DISORDERS IN HORSES AND PONIES
PROFILE ITCH MAGICK
THE GORGEOUSRICHDALE PATRIOT
COMPETITIONS
Celebrating one year of publishing